(2019新教材)外研版高中英语必修三Unit 3 The world of science Using language ppt课件.pptx
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1、Using language 现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态 Present perfect passive 现在完成时的被动语态强调一现在完成时的被动语态强调一 个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现 在或对现在造成的影响或结果。在或对现在造成的影响或结果。 一,构成一,构成 have/has +been+done The door has already been locked. The children havent been told the good news yet. Has his new novel been translated into
2、English yet? How long has the house been built? 二,二, 现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法 1 1 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果, 着重指现在的情况。着重指现在的情况。 当动词当动词 为结束性动词时,可与为结束性动词时,可与already, yet 连用,连用, 但不能与但不能与for 或或since 引导的表示一引导的表示一 段时间的状语连用。段时间的状语连用。 The work has already been completed. 2 2 表示一个被动的动作或
3、状态开始于过去,持续到现在,表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在, 并有可能持续下去时,并有可能持续下去时, 常与常与for或或since引导的时间状语连用,引导的时间状语连用, 或用于或用于How long句型中。句型中。 My car has been repaired for two day. The house has been painted since the family moved out. 3 3 用在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时用在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时 的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语
4、态。的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You can go home as soon as your task has been finished. 三,常与现在完成时连用的时间状语三,常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 already, yet, recently/lately, since then, ever since, so far , ever, for a long time, by now, in recent years, in/during/over the past /last (few)years 四,四, 应注意的问题应注意的问题 1 1 注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个
5、助动词,注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词, 即即have/has have/has 和和been , been , 两者缺一不可。两者缺一不可。 2 2 注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。 一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与 现在情况没有关系,现在情况没有关系, 而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。 This novel was finished last year. This novel has been finished. 3 3 非延续性动词在现在完
6、成时的被动语态中的运用。非延续性动词在现在完成时的被动语态中的运用。 非延续性动词,非延续性动词, 如如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完等构成的现在完 成时的被动语态不与成时的被动语态不与for 或或since 连用。连用。 How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有连续性,因而可与since或或for 引导
7、的时引导的时 间状语连用。间状语连用。 No books have been bought since last week. 4 4 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,在被动结构中要保持完整性,不可省略动词短动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,在被动结构中要保持完整性,不可省略动词短 语中的介词或副词。语中的介词或副词。 The orphan has been looked after by his neighbours. The problem has been paid enough attention to. 5 带有双宾语的动词,带有双宾语的动词, 如如give, send, bring, ta
8、ke, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy , pay, lend, pass, promise等,等, 变为被动语态时,一般将直变为被动语态时,一般将直 接宾语或间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,接宾语或间接宾语变为被动语态的主语, 若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时,若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时, 间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. He has been given a chanc
9、e to work abroad recently(by the company). A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently(by the company). 1 Great changes_(take place) in my village since 2012. 2 More patients _(treat) in hospital this year than last year. 3 _ the photo_(develop) yet? If not, youd better get it ready as so
10、on as possible. 4 -Are you going to the party? -No, I _(not invite) yet. 5 More than a dozen students in that school_(send)to study medicine last year. 6 More than 5000 used bikes _(collect) since the two brothers set up the organisation. have taken place have been treated Has been developed have no
11、t been invited were sent have been collected 直击高考直击高考 7 Every possible means _(try) to stop the bad behavior, but they dont work at all. 8 Over the past ten year, this town _(hit) twice by earthquakes. 9 -Will the lecture be held at 4 oclock this afternoon? -No, it _(put off ) till tomorrow. 10 -Wha
12、t happened to the postman? -I dont know. He _(not see) around here for a long time. has been tried has been hit has been put off hasnt been seen Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b New invention
13、s like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. 1. What has happened to “you” in sentence (a) 2. Who has used new inventions to make replacement hearts and bone parts in sentence (b)? Group A a I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b New invent
14、ions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Group B c I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before. d People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Compare the following sentences and answer the qu
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