（2019新教材）外研版高中英语必修一英语Unit 3 泛读 技能初养成 教材讲解 .doc

1、1 阅读 P3233教材课文，选出最佳选项 1When did the story take place? AIn the Olympic Games. BIn the 2016 World Triathlon Series. CIn the World Championship. DIn a marathon. 2Whats Alistairs choice? ATo help his brother. BTo win the game. CTo find a doctor. DTo rush his brother to the hospital. 3Alistair agrees tha

2、t _ Ahaving a brother is a disadvantage Bhaving a brother is an advantage Cwe should always help others Dwinning a race is the most important 4We can infer from the passage that _ AAlistair was in the lead when his brother was about to fall BAlistair was younger than his brother CAlistair may have w

3、on the race DAlistair thought what he did was wrong 答案14BABC Words and Phrases 知识要点 1 aim v.力求达到；瞄准；对准；旨在 n.目标，目的 (教材原句P31)It aims to deepen peoples understanding of issues that are related to families. 2 其旨在加深人们对家庭相关事情的理解。 例We aim to finish the work by Friday. 我们力争在周五之前完成这项工作。 知识拓展 (1)take aim at s

4、th.瞄准；对准 with the aim of.目的是 (2)aim at/be aimed at (doing)sth.瞄准，对准；旨在(做)某事 aim to do sth.目标是做某事 (3)aimless adj.无目标的；无计划的 aimlessly adv.漫无目的地 即学即练单句语法填空 The hunter took aim at the birds and fired.Fortunately，the birds were just frightened and escaped soon. The new project aims to help(help)students

5、who are seeking for a challenging career. Dont surf the Internet aimlessly (aim).Lets focus on what you want most. Theyre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year. 小片段填空 Im aiming to lose 5 kg before the summer holidays.I think my aim is easy to reach.Every meal I eat with the aim of losi

6、ng weight and dare not to eat more.Sometimes I find myself aimless(aim)without a practical planning. 知识要点 2 (教材原句 P31)With a different theme each year，the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local，national and international levels. 一年一个主题，人们举行很多当地的、全国性的乃至国际标准的活动来庆祝 这一天。

7、 (1)observe v.庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；观察；注意到；遵守 例MidAutumn Day is observed as a national holiday by Chinese people. 中秋节是中国人庆祝的国家级别的假日。 知识拓展 3 observe sb.do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb.doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事 observe sb./sth.done观察到被 observation n.观察；观测；监视；评论 即学即练单句语法填空 She observed a man climbing (climb)onto the

8、building when she was standing there. They were observed to enter (enter)the bank during the midnight. The study was based on observation(observe)of a group of 20 patients. 小片段填空 You should observe the traffic rules when you are on the road.You are expected to carefully observe the vehicle passing (

9、pass)before crossing the street. (2)range n.一系列；范围；射程；山脉 vi.变化 例There are a wide range of books in the library. 这个图书馆里有各种各样的书。 知识拓展 a wide range of一系列的；大范围的 beyond/out of range超出的范围 range from.to.在和之间变化 即学即练单句语法填空 The little girl has a wide range of interests. The prices of goods of this shop range

10、from ￥0.5 to ￥10. His theory was beyond range of human understanding at that time. 知识要点 3 apologise v.道歉 (教材原句 P31)Later，on the phone she apologised and explained that she was busy with work because someone was off sick. 后来，她在电话里道歉并解释说，她工作很忙是因为有人请了病假。 例If youre late for the work，you should apologise

11、 to the people in charge. 如果你上班迟到了，你应该向主管的人道歉。 知识拓展 4 (1)apologise vi.道歉 apologise for sth.因某事道歉 apologise to sb.for (doing)sth.因(做了)某事向某人道歉 (2)apology n.道歉，谢罪 accept/refuse an apology接受/拒绝道歉 make/offer an apology to sb.for (doing)sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 即学即练单句语法填空 He made an apology to me for his not bei

12、ng able to inform me of the change in the plan. Im afraid shes still angry and refuses to accept(accept)my apology. I made an apology to her for breaking her new vase. 知识要点 4 (教材原句 P32)judge v.认为，判断；断定 n.裁判员；法官 例You must judge a person by his actions，not by what he says. 你判断人应根据其行动，不应根据他所说的话。 知识拓展 (

13、1)judge.from/by.从来判断 judge between right and wrong判断是非 as far as I can judge据我判断；我认为 (2)judging by/from从上看；根据判断 即学即练单句语法填空 Judging (judge)from his accent，he must be from the south. All the judges(judge)agreed that your speech was the best one this year. 小片段填空 Judging from his clothes，he must be a mi

14、ddle school student.He didnt feel afraid in front of all the judges in court.He expressed his requirements clearly.As far as I can judge，he will be the winner of the case.(judge) 知识要点 5 detail n.细节，细微之处 vt.详述，详细说明 (教材原句 P32)Features are written in an individual style，with extra detail and background

15、. 5 特写是用一种独特的风格写的，带有额外的细节和背景。 例Our teacher planned our vacation down to the smallest detail. 我们的老师把我们度假的事情安排得极为细致周到。 知识拓展 (1)in detail详细地 go into detail(s)详述 for further details欲知详情 (2)detailed adj.详细的；详尽的 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 You dont have to write down everything in detail. Some buildings are known for

16、 their artistic beauty，some for their detailed (detail)design，and others for their architects imagination. 简要地告诉我所发生的事情，不要详述。 Tell me what happened in a few words，and dont go into detail(s) 知识要点 6 contain vt.包含，含有；容纳 (教材原句 P32)The middle part contains the “meat” of the story， with the ending being a

17、 summary，a powerful quote or even a surprise for the reader. 中间部分是故事的“肉”，结尾是一个总结，一句有力的引言，甚至是给读 者的一个惊喜。 例This book contains all the information you need. 这本书包含你所需要的一切信息。 知识拓展 (1)contain“包含，含有”，侧重于“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能 容纳某物，不用于进行时态。 (2)include“包括”，侧重于被包含者只是整体中的一部分。include 常以 including(名词/代词前)或 included(名

18、词/代词后)的形式出现。 即学即练选词填空(contain/include) There are three boxes in the room，including a red one，which contains ten books. 6 This kind of fruit contains lots of vitamins，vitamin D included 知识要点 7 in the lead 领先 (教材原句 P32)With just 700 metres to go，Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger bro

19、ther，Jonny，was in the lead. 离终点只有 700 米了， 阿利斯泰尔 布朗利名列第三， 他的弟弟约翰尼领先。 例At first，our class were in the lead，but the second class gradually caught up with us. 本来我们班一直领先，可是后来第二名的班级慢慢赶上来了。 知识拓展 (1)take the lead(in doing sth.)带头(做某事) play the lead演主角 (2)lead to导致；造成(后果)； 通向 lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事 lead/li

20、ve a(n).life过样的生活 即学即练单句语法填空 What was it that led you to say (say)that? If I could relive my life， I would lead quite a different life， leaving less regrets. Your laziness will finally lead to failing (fail)the exam. She was in the lead from start to finish. 小片段填空 The tall man in the first lane is i

21、n the lead now.He is leading a happy life in his own farm.He believes that all roads lead to Rome.His farm will lead him to achieve his dream. 知识要点 8 despite prep.尽管；不管 (教材原句 P33)Despite arguments over “stupid things” now and then，Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage. 尽管时不时地为一些“愚蠢的事

22、情”争吵， 阿利斯泰尔认为有一个兄弟是一 个好事。 例 Despite their many differences ， all the human beings share several 7 defining characteristics，such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs. 尽管他们有很多差别，所有的人还是有一些共同点，如很大的脑和两条腿直 立行走的能力。 知识拓展 despite in spite of尽管；不管 despite/in spite of the fact that. alth

23、ough/though.尽管 regardless of不管；不顾 即学即练单句语法填空 In spite of all the problems ， several of the players produced excellent performances. Despite the fact that she wanted to see him，she turned down his invitation. Sentence Patterns 重点句式 1 过去分词(短语)作状语 ( 教 材 原 句 P33)Watched by millions ， the ending to the r

24、ace has divided opinions ： should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? 有数百万人目睹了这场比赛的结局，但对其却是众说纷纭：兄弟二人是应该 因他们的行为被取消比赛资格，还是应该被高度赞扬？ 句式分析：过去分词(短语)作状语时可以表示让步、条件、方式、原因、时 间、伴随，表示方式或伴随时一般可转换为并列分句，其他情况下通常可转换为 相应的状语从句。 例 1Given twenty more minutes，Ill finish the task bette

25、r. 再给二十分钟的时间，我就会把这份工作完成得更好。 例 2Asked about the traffic accident， the young lady kept talking for about half an hour. 当被问及那起交通事故时，这位年轻的女士讲述了大约半个小时。 知识拓展 过去分词作状语时，构成分词的动词与分词的逻辑主语之间为动宾关系，且 8 过去分词的逻辑主语为句子的主语。 即学即练单句语法填空 Ordinary soap， used (use)correctly， can deal with bacteria effectively(有效地). Raised(

26、raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star. Ordered(order)over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now. 重点句式 2 beadj.动词不定式 (教材原句 P33)But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldnt have been happy if Id left Jonny behind.”

27、 但对阿利斯泰尔来说，他的决定很容易解释：“如果我把约翰尼落下，妈妈 是不会高兴的。” 句式分析：该句型是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，其中 his decision 和 及物动词 explain 构成动宾关系。在该句型中常常使用不定式的主动形式表示被 动意义。常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如 easy，hard， difficult，interesting，comfortable 等。 例 1This secondhand machine is very hard to start. 这台二手的机器启动起来有点费劲。 例 2The voice of the little

28、boy is pleasant to hear. 小男孩的嗓音听起来很悦耳。 知识拓展 (1)在上面结构中，动词不定式和主语在逻辑上是动宾关系；当不定式中的 动词为不及物动词时，要加适当的介词。 (2)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语。 即学即练单句语法填空 Hes easy to get along with The bike was too heavy and difficult to control(control). 词义猜测题 词义猜测题可以是对一个单词的意义的推断， 也可以是对一个短语或句子的 9 意义的推断；既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以是对替代 词所替代内容的

29、判断。要做好词义猜测题，必须熟练掌握考试大纲规定的词 汇，在平时的训练中还要注意积累生词和短语，掌握构词法的基本知识，对于各 种前、后缀的变化形式了然于心。还要学会根据上下文语意进行合理推测。 例题剖析 (2020全国卷B节选) While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary

30、，rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 26What does the underlined word “currency” in the paragraph refe

31、r to? ADebt.BReward. CAllowance.DFace value. B词义猜测题。根据本段落中“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上 下文的语境可推知， “rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意为“但是重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判 断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选 B 项。 即学即练 快速阅读并确定下面词义猜测题的答案 For

32、 Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue， N.Y.， today is speech day， and right now its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8yearold is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should.should

33、.”Chris trips on the “ ld ” ， a pronunciation difficulty for many non native English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“.Vote for.me.”Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. 10 What does the underlined word“stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to? AImproper pauses.BBad manners. CSpelling mistakes.DSilly jokes. 答案A