（新教材）人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册UNIT5 WORKING THE LAND SectionⅡ导学讲义.docx

1、Section Learning About Language 1.He is a very good actor and he commits himself to every role that he takes on. (教材 P52) 他是一个非常好的演员,他全心全意地投入他呈现的每一个角色。 语言点 1 take on 呈现;聘用;承担(责任) 情境探究 I was taken in by the salesmanthe car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable. 那个推 销员欺骗了我结果那辆汽车既不经济又不牢靠。 We tri

2、ed to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up. 我们想找一张七人的桌子,但它们都被占满了。 Even four horses cannot take back what one has said. 一言既出,驷马难追。 归纳拓展 (1)take in吸收;领会,理解;欺骗 (2)take back 收回(说过的话);退回;与重归于好 (3)take down 写下;拆除 (4)take up 占用(时间);占据(空间);开始从事;接受;继续 学以致用 (1)赏句猜义 Now the countryside is taking

3、on a new look day by day.呈现 He is willing to take on the responsibility for what he did.承担 Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month.聘用 (2)单句写作 在过去的十年里,我可爱的家乡发生了很大的变化,呈现出崭新的面貌。 In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown, making it take on a new look. 2.

4、With more and more farm machines being used in the fields, the crisis of fuel has been increasing. (教材 P52) 随着越来越多的农业机械在田间的使用,燃料的危机一直在增加。 语言点 2 句型公式:with 的复合结构 情境探究 With the house empty, Jack felt lonely. 因为房子空空的,杰克感到很孤独。 With everything prepared well, he believed he could succeed. 一切都准备好了,他相信他会成功。

5、With so much homework to do, she will spare no time to attend the party. 有那么多的作业要做,她将抽不出时间去参加聚会。 With so many children talking and laughing, I couldnt settle down to work. 这么多孩子又说又笑,我不能静下心来工作。 归纳拓展 with 的复合结构常在句中作状语或定语,常见形式为: (1)with+宾语+adj./adv. (2)with+宾语+介词短语 (3)with+宾语+doing/done/to do 误区警示 当 wi

6、th 后的宾语和作宾语补足语的动词之间是主动关系时,用现在分词形式;如果是被 动关系,用过去分词形式;如果表示将要发生的动作,用不定式。 学以致用 (1)单句填空 With the guide leading (lead) the way, we found his home easily. With all the tasks finished (finish), they went to the cinema happily. With a lot of difficult problems to settle (settle), the newly elected manager is

7、in a dilemma. (2)单句写作 在这幅图中,我们可以看到一个男孩穿着旧衣服,坐在一个堆着一堆书的破旧木桌旁边。 In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes sitting by a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. 3.How we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment safe remains an unanswered questi

8、on. (教材 P53) 我们如何找到一个合适的解决方案来生产足够的食物,同时保持环境安全,仍然是一个未被 答复的问题。 Paraphrase:How we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while we are keeping the environment safe remains an unanswered question. 语言点 3 句型公式:状语从句的省略 情境探究 So while sitting in the classroom and doing my papers, I felt confi

9、dent and was full of energy. 因此,当我坐在教室做试卷时,我感到自信且精力旺盛。 “The prize money is too little to afford even half of a living room in Beijing,” Tu Youyou told the journalist jokingly when asked how to spend the prize money. 当被问及如何花这笔奖金时,屠呦呦开玩笑地告诉记者,“奖金太少,不够在北京买半个客厅”。 Unless necessary, youd better not refer

10、to the dictionary. 除非有必要,否则你最好不要查词典。 归纳拓展 状语从句省略的条件和形式: 条件 (1)when, while, though, even if, unless, if, as if等引导的状语从句 (2)从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为 it (3)状语从句谓语中含有 be动词 形式 省略从句中的主语和 be动词 学以致用 (1)单句填空 While climbing (climb) the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. When asked (ask) abou

11、t the secret of his success, he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. He opened his mouth as if to say (say) something. (2)单句写作 你就待在原地别动,除非叫你离开。 You should stay where you are, unless asked to leave. 4.What impressed me most is that.(教材 P53) 给我留下最深刻印象的是 语言点 4 i

12、mpress vt.给留下深刻的好印象;在上盖印;使铭记 情境探究 We were deeply impressed by Zhong Nanshan, who devoted himself to COVID-19 in his eighties. 我们对钟南山印象深刻,他在八十多岁时还致力于新冠肺炎。 The beautiful scenery of Guilin never fails to leave a deep impression on its visitors. 桂林的美景总是让游客印象深刻。 He impressed on us the need for immediate

13、action. 他让我们认识到立刻采取行动的必要。 归纳拓展 (1)impress sb. with.给某人留下深刻的好印象 impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人意识到某事 be impressed with/by.对钦佩/敬仰/有深刻的好印象 (2)impression n.印象 leave/make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象 (3)impressive adj.令人赞叹的;令人敬佩的 学以致用 (1)用 impress 的适当形式填空 My first impression of him was that he was a kind and

14、thoughtful young man. What was so impressive about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare footed. The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by large quantities of food in the big city. What impresses me most is that whenever he appears in front of others

15、 he often wears a big smile. (2)一句多译 陈老师今天上午做的讲座给学生们留下了深刻的印象。 The lecture that Mr. Chen gave this morning left/made a deep impression on the students.(leave/make a deep impression on) The students were deeply impressed by the lecture Mr. Chen gave this morning.(be impressed by) What impressed the st

16、udents deeply was the lecture Mr. Chen gave this morning.(主语从句) .语境填词 1.Most of the population is the urban(城市的) population. 2.Bombs(炸弹) went off at a London train station. 3.Trains will speed through the Channel Tunnel(隧道) at 186mph. 4.The extension(扩大) of the subway will take several months. 5.We

17、must reduce the danger of war by controlling nuclear, chemical(化学的) and conventional arms. 6.The main crop is wheat(小麦) and it is grown even on the very steep slopes. 7.It is stronger in flavour(味道) than other Dutch cheeses. 8.I will pursue(追求) my goals to the end. 9.The country has no access to for

18、eign loans or financial(经济的) aid. .语境选词 deal with, take on, turn into, intend to, up to, make use of, instead of,adapt to 1.Now I can walk to workinstead of going by car. 2.The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared toadapt to the change. 3.Hes spoken to a publishing firm. Theyre g

19、oing totake on him. 4.Nowadays computers candeal with huge amounts of data. 5.Parents mustmake use of their natural ability to do it. 6.I reallyintended to pen this letter to you early this morning. 7.I think I have got to stop or I mightturn into a machine. 8.The government will provide temporary a

20、ccommodation forup to three thousand people. .语法专练 Li Ling was a great general during the western Han Dynasty. He was 1.avery good fighter, and he won almost every battle. One time, however, Li Lings troops were so hopelessly outnumbered by the Huns that 2.although/though they fought bravely, the wh

21、ole army was taken captive soon. Li Ling shamefully surrendered (投降) for the moment, 3.planning (plan) to wait for an opportunity to strike back. But when news of the surrender reached the capital, the emperors jealous ministers 4.began (begin) to degrade Li Ling in front of the emperor. 5.What the

22、emperor heard made him so angry that he had Li Lings wife and mother put to death. Sima Qian, 6.who had always respected Li Ling, believed that he wouldnt surrender 7.without a reason, and urged the emperor not to believe rumors. This time, the emperor grew angry at Sima Qian, and punished him 8.sev

23、erely (severe). Sima Qian then wrote a long letter to a friend, saying, “I am now in the middle of writing a history book. If I die, 9.it will be as if one ox in a group of nine were to lose a single hair. I am willing 10.to stand (stand) being punished in order to complete this book.” Sima Qian fin

24、ally did finish his bookthe very famous Records of the Historian. .单句填空 1.The reality (real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project. 2.When you swim in the sea, you feel that the water is salty (salt). 3.The game was postponed because of rain. 4.He could not work and so he had to

25、depend on his family. 5.The vote will enable the Prime Minister to push(push) through tough policies. 6.He has told me his plans and hes made a good impression (impress) on me. 7.Far from being separated, the mind and body form an indivisible whole. 8.I dreamed of a plan to solve both problems at on

26、ce. 9.In some works, flowers take on a powerful emblematic quality. 10.She left school to go to work as a dress model in the garment company. .单句写作 1.我养成了边做作业边听音乐的习惯。(状语从句的省略) I have got into the habit of listening to music while doing homework. 2.随着更多有效的措施被落实到位,该疾病已经得到了控制。(with 的复合结构) With more eff

27、ective measures put in place, the disease has been brought under control. 3.随着时间的流逝,在我们的生活中那些曾经看起来很重要的东西现在不再那么重要了。(主 语从句) With time going by, what once seemed vital in our life is no longer as important now. 4.我这些天太忙了,我想我不能承担任何额外的工作了。(take on) Im so busy these days. I dont think I can take on any ex

28、tra work. 5.不可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题,因此应该采取有力措施来处理它。(deal with) There is no doubt that air pollution is an extremely serious problem, so strong measures should be taken to deal with it. .阅读理解 Robots have taken over many of Americas factories. But can they pick a strawberry? “Its really hard for robots to

29、 match what humans can do,” says Bob Pizter, an expert on robots. Any 4-year-old kid can pick a strawberry, but machines cant seem to figure it out. Pizter says the hardest thing for them is finding the fruit. Pizters strawberry-picking robot is rolling into a strawberry field. This well-designed de

30、vice drives itself. Its as big as a bus, long enough to straddle (跨越) a dozen rows of strawberries at once. Powerful computers are sitting on top. Underneath, there are high-definition cameras to find the berries, and robotic claws ready to pick them. “Nobodys telling it what to do,” explains Paul B

31、issett, chief operating officer of Harvest CROO Robotics. “Its remembering its path down the row. Its remembering where all these plants are.” It knows all these, thanks to the super-accurate GPS. Its computer brain contains a map showing the location of every strawberry plant in the field. The acti

32、on of the machinery is truly impressive, but the baskets are still practically empty. Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 percent of ripe berries. Thats not yet up to human standards. A typical worker, he says, manages to pick anywhere from 60 to 90 percent of the berries.

33、Also, he admits, the machine is slower than human hands. On the other hand, it has some advantages. It can work right through the night. Two years later, he says, this machine will be in the fields working for real. “There are weaknesses to work out, but its getting there. Were close,” he says. Stra

34、wberry companies are putting millions of dollars into this project. The reason, Gary Wishnatzki, owner of Wish Farms, says, is that its getting more and more difficult to find enough people to pick his berries. “The fact of the matter is that if we dont solve the problem of this labor shortage with

35、automation, the industry is facing a big challenge ahead. The price of fruit is going to be much higher,” Jose Santos, leader of the farm, says. Jose is pretty convinced, though, that picking strawberries will always require people. The machines will break down, he points out. In fact, hes looking o

36、n the bright side. “You could afford to give people a day off if you have machines behind you,” he says. 1.According to the passage, which one is right about the strawberry-picking robot? A.It can work extra hours. B.It relies on GPS only to find berries. C.It runs on petrol just like a bus. D.It pi

37、cks both ripe and unripe berries. 2.What do people mentioned in the passage think of the strawberry-picking robot? A.It will lead to the price of strawberries rising. B.It keeps human workers working through the night. C.It is not very efficient at the moment but promising. D.It will completely take

38、 the place of human workers. 3.What can we know from the article? A.Robots have been widely used in farming. B.It seems hard for robots to exactly locate strawberries now. C.Robots can surely perform any work better than human workers. D.With the help of robots, strawberry companies have already ear

39、ned much. 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.The working principle of strawberry-picking robots. B.Farmers expectations of strawberry-picking robots. C.The present state of strawberry-picking robots. D.The differences between humans and strawberry-picking robots. 答案 语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摘草莓机器人

40、目前的优点和缺点。摘草莓机器 人可以长时间工作但效率不高;但这可以改进,且未来需求大,故其前景广阔。 1.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It can work right through the night.”可知,机器人可以整 夜工作,即可以加班,故选 A。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 percent of ripe berries. Thats not yet up to human standards. A typical worker, he says, m

41、anages to pick anywhere from 60 to 90 percent of the berries. Also, he admits, the machine is slower than human hands.”可知,摘草莓的机器人工作速度比人手慢,没有达到人类采摘草莓 的标准。由此可以推知,它效率不高。根据第三段中的“On the other hand, it has some advantages. It can work right through the night. Two years later, he says, this machine will be

42、 in the fields working for real. There are weaknesses to work out, but its getting there. Were close, he says.”可知,这种机器人有优点,非常有前景,两年之后就会被投入使用。由此推知,这种机 器人目前不是很有效率,但很有前途,故选 C。 3.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Its remembering its path down the row. Its remembering where all these plants are. It knows all these, thanks

43、to the super-accurate GPS. Its computer brain contains a map showing the location of every strawberry plant in the field. The action of the machinery is truly impressive, but the baskets are still practically empty. Pitzer says the robots are able to find and pick more than 50 percent of ripe berrie

44、s. Thats not yet up to human standards.” 可知,由于超级精确的 GPS,机器人知道每株草莓的位置;机器的作用确实令人印象深刻,但篮 子实际上仍然是空的。机器人能够发现和采摘超过 50%的成熟莓果,这还没有达到人类的标 准。由此推知,虽然机器人配备有精确的 GPS,但实际上,它们并不能精确地定位草莓果实的 位置,从而导致采摘率不高。故选 B。 4.C主旨大意题。第一段直截了当地提出:机器人真的很难达到人类采摘草莓的水平。第 二段和第三段主要介绍了草莓采摘机器人的特点和优缺点(可以长时间工作,但效率不高)。 最后两段对草莓采摘机器人前景的展望(未来需求大,前

45、景广阔)。据此可知,本文主要介绍了 采摘草莓的机器人的现状,故选 C。 .七选五 In the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man called Tut went into the jungle(丛林), as he did almost every day. Tut was a gum(树胶) collector, looking for gum in the jungle.1One day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eyes. He looked out across

46、the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings. 2He ran to tell the local governor excitedly, and they walked into the jungle together. There they found Tikal, the city that the Mayans had built thousands of years before. The two men saw pyramids(金字塔), squares and houses. For a long time before th

47、at day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city.3Between 200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation(文明) in the area, but then the Mayans left itnobody knew why! After 1000 AD, the jungle began to cover it.4 Several years before

48、 Tut found Tikal, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the junglebut they hadnt mentioned Tikal. Even earlier than this, local Indians had told people about a great city hidden in the trees, but no one had listened to them.5Then the lost city

49、had been found again, and people went there immediately to see it. A.But no one had seen it for centuries. B.To do this, he had to climb the trees. C.And then people forgot that it was there. D.So they lost the chance to find the treasure. E.Tut found many other treasures after that. F.More and more

50、 scientists began to study the Mayan city. G.Tut didnt really know what he had seen but he knew they were something special. 1.2.3.4.5. 答案 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。 Tut 在危地马拉的丛林里寻找树胶的时候发现了消失已 久的玛雅古城蒂卡尔。 1.B根据文中的“Tut was a gum(树胶) collector, looking for gum in the jungle.”及“he got to the top of one tree”可知, Tut