（新教材）人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit4 预习 新知早知道 同步教材讲解 .doc

1、1 .匹配词义 ()1.philosophyAn.港口(城市) ()2.chiefBn.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 ()3.militaryCn.哲学 ()4.galleryDadj.最重要的；最高级别的 n (公司或机构的)首领；酋长 ()5.portEn.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊 ()6.landscapeFn.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 ()7.countyGn.酒吧；酒馆 ()8.pubHadj.军事的；军用的 ()9.belong toI留心；留意 ()10.keep your eyes/open(for) J属于 答案15CDHEA610BFGJI .默写单词 1indiv

2、idual adj.单独的；个别的 n个人 2legal adj.法律的；合法的 3location n地方；地点；位置 4battle n战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗，奋斗 5generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 6ancestor n祖宗；祖先 7roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n卷(轴)；翻滚 8custom n风俗；习俗；习惯 9position n位置；职位；姿态 10ensure vt.保证；确保；担保 2 .语境填空 amount；nearby；surround；eager；roll；custom；conquer；individual；battl

3、e； chief 1He might easily have been seen by someone who lived nearby 2Will found himself immediately surrounded by screaming fans. 3The behavior of men as individuals is different from their behavior in a group. 4Well keep battling away and hope that the goals start to come. 5Many new couples are ea

4、ger to adopt the children losing their parents in the earthquake. 6They said goodbye to the villagers，with tears rolling down their cheeks. 7People threw coins onto the stage，as was one of the customs 8In the last few years，the company has succeeded in conquering the European market. 9Rice is the ch

5、ief crop in most southern provinces. 10People should decrease the amount of fat they eat. .语法填空之派生词 1 There were a number of locations(locate)where the kings of Egypt built pyramids. 2 Looking back， Diana owes her achievements(achieve)to the goal she set， and above all，the efforts she made. 3Our mil

6、k powder helps a lot to build the bodys natural defence(defend). 4Theres a fascinating(fascinate)drive marked out for tourists. 5What evidence(evident)was there that old Tom was helping the whalers out? 6When I learned that he was ill，I sent him a greeting(greet)card. 7Those woods gave us all a sens

7、e of belonging(belong). 8 In my last semester of college ， my favourite professor made an announcement(announce)that he would be teaching a studyabroad course over the winter break in Cambodia. 9While eating，we Chinese often say to the guests， “Eat slowly.”This would be very puzzling(puzzle)to forei

8、gners. 3 10Its illegal(legal)to read peoples private letters without permission. 1Im not good at mapstheyre my Achilles heel. 我不擅长看地图它们是我的致命弱点。 2No way，you are pulling my leg，right? 没门，你在捉弄我，对吧？ 3I need all the help I can getIm like a fish out of water! 我需要我能得到的一切帮助我像一条离开水的鱼。 4Most people just use t

9、he shortened name：“the United Kingdom”or“the UK” 大多数人只使用简称：“联合王国”或“英国”。 5 The peaceful landscape of the“Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊 点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 名师圈点 be con

10、fused by 对感到迷惑 if any 如果有什么的话 if so 如果那样 a little bit 一点儿 puzzle n谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 solve a puzzle 解决难题 puzzling adj.令人困惑的 puzzled adj.感到困惑的 nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近 Wales 威尔士(英国) join.to.把和连接或联结起来 join sb.in doing sth.加入某人一起做某事 Scotland 苏格兰(英国) 4 add v增加，增添 break away(from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱 res

11、ult in 导致 result from 由于 Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰(英国) shorten vt.缩短 en 是动词后缀，意为“使具有某种特性”。 refer to.as.把称为 belong to 属于 belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 area n熟词生义领域，方面 as well as 同(一样也)；和；还 as well as 用于连接两个并列成分。 as well as 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数和第一个主语一致。 currency n通货；货币 military adj.军事的；军用的 defence n防御；保卫 21for example

12、例如 22legal adj.法律的；合法的 illegal adj.不合法的；非法的 illegally adv.不合法地；非法地 23surround vt.围绕；包围 be surrounded by 被包围 24evidence n证据，证明 25take over 接管，掌管 26throughout prep.贯穿，遍及 27Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n.古罗马人；罗马市民 28achievement n成就；成绩；达到 29include doing sth.包括做某事 30AngloSaxon 盎格鲁撒克逊人 5 31Viking n维京人；北欧海盗 32leave

13、 behind 留下 33location n地方；地点；位置 34Norman adj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的 the Normans 诺曼人 35conquer vt.占领；征服；控制 36Battle of Hastings 黑斯廷斯战役 battle n战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗 37enter into 成为的一部分；影响 38port n港口(城市) 39date back to(date from)上溯至 40all the way 一直 41all over the UK 全英国 all over China 全中国 42fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷

14、人的 43keep your eyes open(for)留心；留意 44be surprised to do sth.很惊奇地做某事 原文呈现 WHAT S INANAME? The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，Englandmany people are confused by what these different names mean1.So what is the difference between them，if any ？Getting to know a little bit about British history2will

15、 help you solve this puzzle . 1what 引导的从句作介词 by 的宾语，what 在从句中作 mean 的宾语。 2Getting to know.是动名词短语作主语。 In the 16th century，the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Later，in the 18th century，the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th centu

16、ry，the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally， in the 20th century， the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK， which resulted 6 in the full name we have today3：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .Most people just

17、 use the shortened name ：“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”People from the UK are called“British”，which means the UK is also often referred to asBritain or Great Britain4. 3which 引导非限制性定语从句， which 指代整个主句的内容。 其中 we have today 是省略了关系代词 that/which 的定语从句，修饰 the full name。 4which means.是 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰

18、主句。 The four countries that belong tothe United Kingdom5work together in some areas.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack6，as well asshare the same currency and military defence .However ， they also have some differences.For example 21 ， England， Wales， Scotland， and Northern Ireland all ha

19、ve differenteducation systems and legal 22 systems.They also have theirown traditions，like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup! 5that belong to.是关系代词 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 the four countries， that 在从句中作主语。 6过去分词短语 know

20、n as the Union Jack 作后置定语，修饰 the same flag。 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore7，which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions8.Almost everywhere you go in the UK9，you will be surrounded 23 by evidence 24 of four different groups of people

21、who took over 25 at different times throughout 26 history10.The first group，the Romans 2711，came in the first century.Some of their great achievements 28 includedbuilding towns 29 and roads.Next ， the AngloSaxons 30 arrived in the fifth century.They introduced the beginnings of the English language，

22、and changed the way people built houses12.The Vikings 31 came in the eighth century， left behind 32 lots of new vocabulary， and also the names of many locations 33 across the UK.The last group were the Normans 34 .They conquered 35 England after the wellknown Battle of Hastings 36 in the 11th centur

23、y.They had castles built all around England13， and made changes to the legal system.The Normans were French，so many French words slowly entered into 37 the English 7 language. 7不定式 to explore 作定语，修饰 history。 8which can help you.是 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 history， which 在从句中作主语。 9.everywhere you go in th

24、e UK 是状语从句，everywhere“处处，到处”， 引导状语从句。 10who took over.是 who 引导的定语从句，修饰 four different groups of people，who 在从句中作主语。 11the Romans 作 the first group 的同位语。 12the way people built houses 是省略了关系代词 that 或 in which 的定语从 句，修饰 the way，that 或 in which 在从句中作方式状语。 13had castles built all around England 是 have s

25、th.done 结构，表示“让某事 被做”。 There is so much more to learn14about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable 15The capital city London is a great place to start， as it is an ancient port 38 city that has a history

26、 dating 39 all the way 40 back to Roman times16.There are countless historic sites to explore，and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK 41 .The UK is a fascinating 42 mix of history and modern culture，with both new and old traditions.If you keep your eyes open 43 ，you will be surp

27、rised to find 44 that you can see both its past and its present. 14There is so much more to learn.是“There be主语to do”结构，不定 式表示动作尚未发生。 15 16 译文参考 名字里有什么？ 8 联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰许多人对这些不同的名字的含义感 到困惑。如果有区别的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？了解一点英国历史将 有助于你解决这个难题。 16 世纪，邻近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。后来，在 18 世纪，苏格兰加入创 建了大不列颠王国。在 19 世纪，爱尔兰王国加入创建大不

28、列颠及爱尔兰联合王 国。最后，在 20 世纪，爱尔兰的南部脱离了英国，形成了我们今天的全称：大 不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只使用简称：“联合王国”或“英国”。 来自英国的人被称为“British”，这意味着英国也经常被称为不列颠或大不列 颠。 所属英国的四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。像拥有同样的货币和军事防 御，他们也使用同一面国旗，即众所周知的英国国旗。然而，他们也有一些不同 之处。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰都有不同的教育体系和法律体 系。他们也有自己的传统，像他们自己的节日和菜肴。他们甚至有自己的足球队 参加像世界杯这样的比赛！ 英国有悠久而有趣的历史可以探索， 这可以

29、帮助你更多地了解这个国家和它 的传统。几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四 群人在不同的时期统治着英国。第一批人，罗马人，在公元 1 世纪来到这里。他 们的一些伟大成就包括建设城镇和道路。接下来，盎格鲁撒克逊人在 5 世纪来 到了这里。他们引进了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人在 8 世纪来到了这里，留下了很多新词汇，以及英国许多地方的名字。最后一批是诺 曼人。他们在 11 世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。他们在英格兰各地 建造城堡，并对法律体系进行了改革。诺曼人是法国人，所以许多法语单词慢慢 地进入了英语。 关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有很多要学习的。学习这个国家的历史将使 你的旅行更加愉快。 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点， 因为它是一个古老的港口城市， 它的历史可以追溯到罗马时代。有无数的历史遗迹可供探索，还有许多博物馆收 藏着来自英国各地的古代文物。英国是一个迷人的历史和现代文化的混合体，既 有新的传统，也有古老的传统。如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的 过去和现在。