（新教材）人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 1 预习 新知早知道 教材讲解 .doc

1、1 .匹配词义 A.单词匹配 第一组 ()1.academicAadj.easily or clearly heard，seen，felt， etc.clearly different or of a different kind ()2.distinctBadj.学业的；学术的 ()3.liquidCadv.显而易见；看来；显然 ()4.apparentlyDadj.至关重要的；关键性的 ()5.crucialEn.液体 adj.液体的；液态的 ()6.substanceFn.sth.that you are trying to achieve；adj.considering only fa

2、cts ()7.boilGn.物质；物品；事实根据 ()8.objectiveHvt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n沸腾；沸点 ()9.propertyIadv.mainly；generally ()10.mostlyJn.性质；特征；财产 答案15BAECD610GHFJI 第二组 ()1.chartAn.理论；学说 ()2.circumstanceBn.usually pl. 条件；环境；状况 ()3.theoryCn.图表 vt.记录；制订计划 ()4.gentleDn.(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 ()5.geniusEn.a university teacher

3、 of the highest rank ()6.professorFadj.calm and kind ()7.patentGn.方法；技巧；装置；仪器 ()8.deviceHn.专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 2 答案15CBAFD68EHG B.短语匹配 ()mit oneself to do/to doing A坚决要求 ()2.insist onB承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议 或安排等) ()e to powerC担任；任职 ()4.take up a positionD总结；概括 ()5.sum upE(开始)掌权；上台 答案15BAECD .默写单词 第

4、一组 1vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 2evaluate vt.评价；评估 3obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 4acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 5defeat n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 6conclusion n.结论；推论 7insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求 8analyse vt.分析 第二组 1flee vt.& vi.(fled, fled)迅速离开；逃跑 2flow vi.流；流动 n.流；流动；流畅；供应 3found vt.创建；建立；把建立在 4inf

5、er vt.推断；推定 5encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n.邂逅；遭遇 3 6sum vi.总结；概括 n.金额；款项；总数；总和 7draft n.草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 .语境填空 evaluates, defeats, obey, insisted, analyse, vital, conclusion, acknowledging, obtained, mostly 1Whats worse, some drivers do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. 2She evaluates people by their

6、 clothes. 3In spite of many defeats, they still had plenty of fight left in them. 4My brother worked hard and obtained a scholarship. 5First of all, he told me, I couldnt write what other people had said without acknowledging them. 6The book teaches you how to analyse what is causing the stress in y

7、our life. 7She insisted that we (should)stay at her house instead of going to a hotel and that her house was more comfortable than a hotel. 8She uses her car mostly for driving to work. 9He came to a conclusion from her fluttered look that she had spent the money. 10Its vital that we are as fresh as

8、 possible for those matches. .语法填空之派生词 1The government is committed(commit)to housing the refugees. 2Schools award scholarships for high academic(academy)achievement. 3He tried to take an objective(object)view of the situation. 4His discovery was considered as the botanical(botany)find of the centur

9、y. 5How many people buy food in an organized, scientific(science)way? 6After a heated discussion, they failed to arrive at a conclusion (conclude). 7The students in our class are mostly(most)northerners. 8He was apparently (apparent)much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the profes

10、sional one who ranked top ten. 4 9Work has begun on the construction(construct)of the new airport. 10She has made remarkable(remark)progress in her writing skills. 11We can build up the speed gradually(gradual)and safely. 12Who is your favorite English novelist(novel)? 1This years Nobel Prize for Ph

11、ysiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (cowinner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究发现了 青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药。 2Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China， on 30 December 1930,

12、 and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于中国宁波， 1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。 3 In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.

13、 1967 年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍， 屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。 4Their project got stuck. 他们的计划陷入了困境。 5According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. 屠呦呦说，青蒿素的发现是团队努力的结果。 词语助读 lead to the discovery of. 导致的发现 hundreds of thousands of 5 lives 几十万人的生命 die from 死于；因而死 become a vital part

14、 of 成为的重要组成部分 a committed and patient scientist 一位坚定而有耐心的科学家 graduate from 毕业于 with the objective of. 目的是 among the first researchers chosen 首批入选的研究人员 in the beginning 一开始 evaluate 280，000 plants 评估 280 000 种植物 suggest doing.建议做 a collection of dried wormwood leaves 大量的干艾叶 get stuck 进入僵局；陷入困境 acknow

15、ledge defeat 接受失败 by chance 偶然 draw out the extract 提炼提取物 more than 190 times 190 多次 insist on doing.坚持做 make sure 确保 according to 根据；按照 not just 不仅仅 prove the great value of traditional Chinese medicine 证明传统中医的巨大价值 6 课文呈现 TU YOUYOUAWARDED NOBELPRIZE 6 October 2015 This years Nobel Prize for Physiol

16、ogy or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (cowinner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria(1).Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives ， and has led to improved health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world g

17、et malaria each year, and about 600 ， 000die from it.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year inAfrica alone. (1)whose 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Tu Youyou，其中名词 短语 a crucial new treatment for malaria 是 artemisinin 的同位语。 Tu Youyou, a commi

18、tted and patient scientist ， was born in Ningbo, China， on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.After she graduated(2), she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with

19、 the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen .In the beginning， Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common(3), to study malaria patients.In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancie

20、nt Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease(4).Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical properties.From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed p

21、romise in the fight against malaria(5). (2)after 引导时间状语从句。 (3)where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Hainan。 (4)不定式短语作目的状语。 (5)that 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 treatments。 One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tus team tested a collection of dried wormwood 7 l

22、eavesbut found no effect.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this(6)to treat malaria, but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance， she found one sentenc

23、e suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood(7).She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties(8).Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract ， she found a substance that worked(9).After failing more than 190 times， the team finally succeeded in

24、 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe(10).Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients ， most of whom recovered(11).This medicine, which was called artemisinin(12), soon became a standard treatment for malaria. (6

25、)过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词 liquid。 (7)现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词 sentence。 (8)that 引导宾语从句，作谓语动词 concluded 的宾语。 (9)that 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 substance。 (10)that 引导宾语从句。 (11)most of whom 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 patients。 (12)which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 medicine。 According toTu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.Upon h

26、earing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize(13), she said, “The honour is not justmine.There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine.It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be

27、 spread around the world (14)” (13)on/upon doing.一就；that 引导宾语从句。 (14)it 为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的 for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world。 译文参考 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖 2015 年 10 月 6 日 8 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究发现了 青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药。青蒿素挽救了几十万人的生命，改善了 数百万人的健康。全世界每年有 2 亿多人感染疟疾，

28、约 60 万人死于疟疾。青蒿 素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据说每年仅在非洲就能挽救 10 万人的生 命。 屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于中国宁波， 1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。 毕业后， 她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。 1967 年， 中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是 其中首批入选的研究人员。一开始，屠呦呦为了研究疟疾患者去了疟疾比较普遍 的海南。1969 年，在北京她成为(探索治疗疟疾新方法)项目的负责人，并决定查 阅中国古代医学文献，寻找传统的植物疗法来治疗这种疾病。她的团队查看了 2 000 多本古老

29、的医学文献，并对 28 万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。在他们的 研究中，他们发现并测试了 380 种不同的中国古代医方，这些医方在抗击疟疾方 面显示出了希望。 一本四世纪的医学文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。 屠呦呦的团队测试 了大量的干艾叶，但没有发现效果。然后他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提 取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。他们的计划陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并 不接受失败。她又分析了一遍这个医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，建议用另一种 方法来处理艾草。她的结论是，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。她用较低的 温度提炼提取物，发现了一种有效的物质。在失败了 190 多次之后，这个团队终 于在 1971 年成功了。 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在他们自己身上测试药物， 以确保它是安全的。后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分患者都 康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 屠呦呦说， 青蒿素的发现是团队努力的结果。 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时， 她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我国的全体人民。 这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科研和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣 誉。 ”