ASTMC1583-04混凝土表面的拉伸和混凝土修补和材料的粘结强度或拉伸强度的直接拉伸测试方法(拉法).pdf

1、Designation:C 1583 04 StandardTest Methodfor TensileStrengthof ConcreteSurfacesand the Bond Strengthor TensileStrengthof ConcreteRepairand Overlay Materialsby DirectTension(Pull-offMethod) 1 This standardis issued under the ?xed designation C 1583; the number immediately followingthe designation ind

2、icates the year of original adoption or, in the caseof revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthesesindicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial changesince the last revision or reapproval. 1. Scope 1.1 This testmethod is suitable for both ?el

3、d and laboratory use to determine one or more of the following: 1.1.1 The near-surface tensile strength of the substrate asan indicator of the adequacy of surface preparation before appli- cation of a repair or overlay material. 1.1.2 The bond strength of arepair or an overlay material to the substr

4、ate. 1.1.3 The tensile strength of a repair or overlay material, or an adhesive used in repairs, after the material hasbeen applied to a surface. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact

5、equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purportto address all of the safety concerns, ifany, associated withits use. Itis the responsibilityof the u

6、ser of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitationsprior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 C 125 TerminologyRelating to Concrete and Aggregates C 881/C 881MSpeci?cation for Epoxy-ResinBase Bond- i

7、ng Systems for Concrete C 900 Test Method for Pullout Strength of Hardened Con- crete 3. Terminology 3.1 De?nitions For de?nitions of terms used in this test method refer to TerminologyC 125 and ACI 503R 3. 4. Summaryof Test Method 4.1 This test is performedon the surface of a prepared concrete base

8、before application of a concrete repair or overlay material, or on the surface of a concrete repair or overlay material after the material has been applied to the prepared concrete surface. 4.2 The test specimen is formed by drillinga shallow core into and perpendicularto the surface of the substrat

9、e, and leaving the intact core attached to the concrete. A steel disk is bonded to the top surface of the test specimen. 4.3 A tensile load is applied to the steel disk until failure occurs. The failure load and the failure mode are recorded and the nominal tensile stress at failure is calculated. 5

10、. Signi?cance and Use 5.1 Thistest methoddetermines the tensile strength of concrete near to the prepared surface, which can be usedas an indicator of the adequacy of surface preparation before apply- ing a repair or an overlay material. 5.2 When the test is performed on the surface of arepair or an

11、 overlay material, it determines the bond strength to the substrate orthe tensile strengthofeither the overlayor substrate, whichever is weaker. 5.3 The method may also be used to evaluate the adhesive strength of bonding agents. 5.4 When the test is performed on the surface of a material applied to

12、 the substrate, the measured strength is controlled by the failure mechanism requiring the least stress. Thus it is not possible to know beforehand which strength will be measured by the test. For this reason, the failure mode hasto be reported for each individualtest result, and tests results are a

13、veraged only if the same failure mode occurs. 1 This test method is under the jurisdictionof ASTMCommittee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesandis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.25 on Organic Materials for Bonding, Patching and Sealing Concrete. Current edition approved Feb. 1, 20

14、04. Published March 2004. 2 For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer tothe standard sDocument Summary pageon the ASTM website. 3 ACI 503R-93 (Reapproved1998), “Us

15、e of Epoxy Compoundswith Concrete,” American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333. 1 Copyright? ASTMInternational,100 BarrHarborDrive,PO Box C700,WestConshohocken,PA 19428-2959,UnitedStates. 标准分享网 免费下载 The standard is downloaded from 6. Apparatus 6.1 Core Drill , for p

16、reparing test specimen. 6.2 Core Barrel , with diamond impregnated bits - nominally 50 mm 2.0 in. inside diameter. 6.3 Steel Disk, nominally50 mm 2.0 in. diameter and at least 25 mm 1.0 in. thick. 6.4 Tensile Loading Device, with a load-indicatingsystem and nominal capacity of 22 k N (5,000 lbf) and

17、 capable of applying load at the speci?ed rate. The loading device includes a tripodor bearingringfordistributingthe force tothe supporting surface. 6.4.1 Within the operating range, the indicated tensile force shall be within62 % of the force measured by a calibrated testing machine or load cell. V

18、erify the tensile loading device at least once a year and after repairs and adjustments. NOTE1See Test Method C900 for suitable veri?cation schemes. 6.4.2 A coupling device shall be used to connect the steel disk to the tensile loading device. The coupling device shall be designed to withstand the t

19、ensile load capacity without yield- ing, and to transmit the tensile force parallel to and in line with the axis of the cylindricaltest specimen withoutimparting torsion or bending to the test specimen. 7. Materials 7.1 Epoxy adhesive material for bonding the steel disk to the test specimen. It shal

20、l be a fast-curing pasteor gel meeting the requirements of Speci?cation C 881/C 881M for Type IV, Grade 3, except that a shorter gel time is permitted. 8. Sampling 8.1 Three individualtest results with similar failure modes shall be obtained for each test site. 8.2 The ?eld test site shall be large

21、enough so that all methods to be usedin the full-scale repair or overlay operation, includingsurface preparation,are used forpreparingtest specimens. The test site shall be at least 1 by 1 m 3 by 3 ft. It shall be selected to be representative of actual ?eld condi- tions. 8.3 Ifconcrete cover is les

22、s than 20 mm 3? 4 in., do not locatetest specimens directlyoverbars inthe layerof reinforcement nearest to the surface. NOTE2Thelocationofreinforcementmay be established using reinforcementlocators or metal detectors. Followthe manufacturers recommendations for proper operation of such devices. 8.4

23、The center-to-center distance of adjacent test specimens shall be at least two disk diameters. The distance from the center of a test specimen and a free edge of the test object shall be at least one disk diameter. 9. Preparationof Surface 9.1 Preparation to Determine Tensile Strength of Substrate:

24、9.1.1 Remove all surface contaminants and loose or dete- riorated concrete to obtain a clean, undamaged surface. 9.1.2 Prepare the surface using the same method to be used in the full-scale repair or overlay. 9.1.3 The surface must be in the same condition regarding dryness and cleanliness as speci?

25、ed for the actual work. 9.2 Preparationto Determine Bond or Tensile Strength of the Repair or Overlay Material : 9.2.1 Prepare the surface in accordance with 9.1. 9.2.2 Applyand cure the repairor overlaymaterialin accordance with speci?cations for the repair or overlay opera- tion. 10. Preparationof

26、 Test Specimen 10.1 Using the coring equipment, drilla circular cut per- pendicular to the surface. For tests of substrate concrete, drill to a depth of at least 10 mm 0.5 in. For tests of repair or overlay materials, drill to at least 10 mm 0.5 in. below the concrete-overlayinterface. The test spec

27、imen is left intact, attached to the substrate. Measure the diameter of the test specimen in two directions at right angles to eachother. Record the average diameter to the nearest 0.2 mm 0.01 in. 10.2 Remove any standing water; clean the surface of any debris from the drillingoperation and allow to

28、 dry. 10.3 Attach the steel disk to the top of the test specimen using the epoxy adhesive. Ensure that the disk is centered with the test specimen and that the axis of the disk is parallel to the axis of the test specimen. Cure the epoxy adhesive following manufacturersinstructions(see Note 4). Do n

29、ot allowthe adhesive to run down the side of the test specimen into the annular cut; if this occurs, the specimen is not tested and another is prepared. At temperatures below 20C70 F, it is permitted to gently heat the steel disk to no more than 50C 120 F to facilitate spreading of the adhesive and

30、to accelerate curing. The test specimen shall not be heated witha direct ?ame. NOTE3Figs.1 and 2 are schematics of the tests for determining tensile strength of the substrate and bond or tensile strength of the repair or overlay material, respectively. These schematics are not intended to indicate s

31、peci?c equipment designs. NOTE4Guidance on applying and curing the epoxy adhesive may be found in ACI 503R. 11. Test Procedure 11.1 Attach the tensile loading device to the steel disk using the coupling device. 11.2 Apply the tensile load to the test specimen so that the forceis paralleltoand coinci

32、dentwiththe axis ofthe specimen. 11.3 Applythe tensile load at a constant rate so that the tensile stressincreases at a rate of 35 6 15 kPa/s 5 6 2 psi/s. 11.4 Record the failure load and the failure mode. Record the failure mode as (a) in the substrate, (b) at the bond line between the substrate an

33、d the repair or overlay material, (c) in the repair or overlay material, or (d) at the bond line between the repair or overlay material and the epoxy adhesive used to bond the steel disk. If failure occurs at the bond line between the steel disk and theepoxy adhesive, discard the test result and per

34、form another test. Refer to Fig. 3 for schematics of the different failure modes. 11.5 Report results as bond strength when failure occurs in the bond line between the substrate and the repair or overlay material. Report results as tensile strength when the failure occurs in the substrate orthe repa

35、ir oroverlay material. C 1583 04 2 标准分享网 免费下载 The standard is downloaded from Calculate the bond strength or tensile strength by dividingthe tensile load at failure by the area of the test specimen: Bond or Tensile Strength MPa psi! 5(1) Tensile load N lbf ! Area of test specimen mm 2 in. 2#! 11.6 R

36、ecord the individual strengths to the nearest0.01 MPa 1 psi. 11.7 Record ambient weather conditions and surface tem- peratures during testing. 12. Report 12.1 The test report shall contain the following: 12.1.1 Purpose of the test: 12.1.1.1 To assessthe substrate before application of repair or over

37、lay materialwith regards to the adequacy of surface preparation and the strength of the near-surface region of the substrate; 12.1.1.2 To determine the controllingfailuremode and corresponding strength when a repair or an overlay material is bonded to the substrate; or 12.1.1.3 To determine the cont

38、rollingfailuremode and correspondingstrength when an adhesive is bonded to the substrate. 12.1.2 Identi?cationof all materials used in the test, 12.1.3 Testconditions locationof test, weather conditions, and surface temperatures, and 12.1.4 The failure mode and the tensile or bond strength for each

39、individualtest reported to the nearest 0.01 MPa 1 psi. 13. Precision and Bias 13.1 Precision An interlaboratorytesting program to de- termine the precision of this test method has not yet been carried out. There are, however, published data4to provide an estimate ofwithin-testrepeatability.The refer

40、enced study involved pull-offtests of repair materials applied to concrete substrates. Three replicatetests wereconductedforeach condition, and the mean pull-off strength ranged from 0.41 to 3.44 MPa 60 to 500 psi. Two instruments were usedwith disk diameters of 75 mm 3 in. and 50 mm 2 in. Replicate

41、 tests withthe same failuremodes were used to determinethe within-test standard deviations for each condition. There was no statistically signi?cant difference in repeatability for failures 4 Vaysburd, A. M., and McDonald, J. E., “AnEvaluation of Equipment and Procedures for Tensile Bond Testing of

42、Concrete Repairs,”Technical Report REMR-CS-61, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,Waterways Experiment Station, June 1999, p. 84. FIG. 1 Schematicof Setupto Test Substrate C 1583 04 3 标准分享网 免费下载 The standard is downloaded from in the substrate, the repair material, or at the interface. The overall pooled

43、standard deviation was found to be 0.29 MPa 42 psi. 13.2 Bias This method hasno bias becausepull-off tensile strength or pull-off bond strength are de?ned only in terms of this method. 14. Keywords 14.1 adhesives; overlay materials; pull-off tensile strength; pull-off test; repair materials; tensile

44、 bond strength FIG. 2 Schematicof Setupto Test MaterialAppliedto Substrate C 1583 04 4 标准分享网 免费下载 The standard is downloaded from ASTM Internationaltakes no positionrespectingthe validityof any patent rights assertedin connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standardare expr

45、esslyadvised that determinationof the validity of any such patentrights, and the risk of infringementof such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standardis subject to revision at any time by the responsibletechnical committeeand must be reviewed every ?ve years and if not revised, ei

46、ther reapprovedor withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standardor for additionalstandards and should be addressedto ASTM InternationalHeadquarters.Your commentswill receive careful considerationat a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,which you may attend. If you

47、 feel that your commentshave not received a fair hearing you should make your viewsknown to the ASTMCommitteeon Standards,at the addressshown below. This standardis copyrightedby ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959, UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singleor multiplecopies) of this standardmay be obtainedby contactingASTMat the above addressorat 610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orserviceastm.org(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite (www.astm.org). FIG. 3 Schematicof FailureModes C 1583 04 5 标准分享网 免费下载 The standard is downloaded from