高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习:非谓语动词课(共43张).pptx
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1、【高中语法】 非谓语动词 英语英语语法框框架架 语法知识 语音 音素 音节 五种语音现象 句法 词法 九大词类动词 词 汇搭配 时态 两大语态 三类非谓语动词 并列句 复 合句 特殊句式 主谓一 致 八种句子成分 四类句子 五种简单句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 动词不定式 动名词 分词 现在分词 过去分词 独立主格结构 CONTENTS 非谓语动非谓语动词词 01 动词不定动词不定式式 Infinitive 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式由 “to 动词原形”构成; 也可以由 “who, what, which 等疑问词+ to do”构成。 There is no fixed tim
2、e to offer forgiveness. I dont know what to do. I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. To lose your heart means f a i l u r e. 主语 Her job is to clean the hall. 表语 I w a n t t o learn English. 宾语 He a s k s m e to help Anna. 宾补 This is the key to open the front door. 定语 He w o r k e d a y an
3、d night to get the money. 状语 小结小结: 不定式除了充当谓语不定式除了充当谓语, 其他成分都可以其他成分都可以! 动词不定式动词不定式 A. won C. To win B. has won D. winning 【解析】句意为“中国作家曹文轩2016年被授予了安徒生奖,成 为了获得该奖项的第一个中国人”。名词前有序数词(e.g. first/ last)修饰时,用不定式作后置定语。故选C。 Chinese writer Cao Wenxuan was awarded the Christian Anderson Award in 2016, making hims
4、elf the first Chinese such a prize. 模拟题解析模拟题解析 A. won C. To win B. has won D. winning 【解析】句意为“中国作家曹文轩2016年被授予了安徒生奖,成 为了获得该奖项的第一个中国人”。名词前有序数词(e.g. first/ last)修饰时,用不定式作后置定语。故选C。 Chinese writer Cao Wenxuan was awarded the Christian Anderson Award in 2016, making himself the first Chinese Csuch a prize
5、. 模拟题解析模拟题解析 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式的逻辑主语:动词不定式中动作的执行和体现者。 (1) “for sb. to do sth.”结构中,sb.是不定式的逻辑主语 Its very important for us to drink water every day. (2)“Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”结构中,sb.是不定式的 逻 辑主语 Its very kind of you to help me. 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式的时态时态: (1)一般一般时时 (to do) I am glad to see you. (2)进行
6、进行时时 (to be doing):强调动作与谓语正在同时同时发生 I amglad to be talking with you. (3)完成完成时时 (to have done):表示动作发生在谓语动词之之前前 Alicia Keys i s s ai dt o have finished her next album. 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式的被动语态被动语态:不定式的逻辑主语是动词的承受者 (1)to be done More work still needs to be done. (2)to have been done: 表示动作发生在谓语动词之前 These boo
7、ks aesadt oirhave been given to students. “It seems that she was there at the conference.” The sentence means that . A. she seems to be there at the conference B. she seemed to be there at the conference C. she seems to have been there at the conference D. she seemed to being there at the conference
8、 【解析】不定式的动作(be there)发生在谓语动词(seem)之前。 真题解析真题解析 “It seems that she was there at the conference.” The sentence means that C. A. she seems to be there at the conference B. she seemed to be there at the conference C. she seems to have been there at the conference D. she seemed to being there at the conf
9、erence 【解析】不定式的动作(be there)发生在谓语动词(seem)之前。 真题解析真题解析 【2014阅读】 Initially each bar had to be packed into its 4-ounce mold by hand. 最初,每条巧克力都必须用手将其包装在4盎司重的模具中。 【2015阅读】 Books in various languages are to be found in the foreign languages bookstore. 在外文书店可以找到各种语言的书。 动词不定式动词不定式 【2017阅读】 A man named Charle
10、s Nagreen is claimed to have served hamburger sandwiches in 1885. 1885年,一名叫查尔斯纳格林的男子被声称曾提供汉堡三明治。 【2014阅读】 The term seems to have originated in online feminist forums. 这个词似乎起源于网络女权论坛。 动词不定式动词不定式 02 动名动名词词 Gerund 动名词动名词 动名词由“动词原形 + -ing”构成,兼有动词和名词特征; Saving is getting. Seeing is believing. (1) 用作主语 Fi
11、nding work is difficult these days. (2) 用作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,两者的区别是不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,两者的区别是: 动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念。 不定式则多表示具体的、一次性的动作。 动名词动名词 (3) 用作宾语 Excuse me for coming late. Most students enjoy asking questions in English. (4) 用作宾语补足语 Can we call this serving mankind? I c
12、all this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 动名词用作宾语补足语时,主要动词通常动名词用作宾语补足语时,主要动词通常是是 call 。 动名词动名词 (5) 用作定语 小结小结: 动名词除了谓语和状语动名词除了谓语和状语, 其他成分都可以其他成分都可以! We need a new working method. The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills. 动名词动名词 A. His having made C. His has made B. he having made D. he has made 【解析】V-
13、ing形式做主语是动名词,具有名词的属性,所以代词 用形容词性物主代词his。 the same mistakes in the annual financial report again made his boss very angry. 真题解析真题解析 A. His having made C. His has made B. he having made D. he has made 【解析】V-ing形式做主语是动名词,具有名词的属性,所以代词 用形容词性物主代词his。 Athe same mistakes in the annual financial report again
14、made his boss very angry. 真题解析真题解析 03 分分词词 Participle 现在分词 过去分词 独立主格结构 现在分词“动词原形ing” 过去分词“原形动词ed” falling leaves fallen leaves boiling water boiled water 分词分词 现在分词和过去分词的区别 (1) 现在分词表示主动主动,过去分词表示被被动动 a moving film a moved audience (2) 现在分词表示进行进行,过去分词表示完完成成 a developing country a developed country 感人的电
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