2019年中考真题精品解析 英语（威海卷）精编word版（解析版）.doc

1、 山东省威海市山东省威海市 2019 年中考英语试题年中考英语试题 一、阅读理解一、阅读理解 阅读阅读 A、B 篇篇, 从文后每小题从文后每小题 A、B、C 选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案编号涂卡。选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案编号涂卡。 A Mr Chen was puzzled（闲惑的）and a little suspicious（怀疑的）. He sat in the office and studied a letter apparently （明显地） from Mrs Wang, the mother of one of the pupils in his class. There

2、was something about it which worried him. “I dont understand, ”he said to himself. He shook his head as he circled four mistakes in the letter. “Mrs Wang is an educated woman. She wouldnt make mistakes like these even if she did write the letter in a hurry. “Mr Chen took out his class register（名册）an

3、d said to himself, “Yesterday was Thursday. Let me see. Ah, yes. I thought so. David was absent on Thursday last week and the week before. Hm. Why is he so often absent on Thursdays? Was he really ill yesterday? Could it be a coincidence（巧合）?” Mr Chen stared at the register as if the answers to his

4、questions were hidden in it somewhere. Then he took out a copy of the timetable（课程表）for his class. “I wonder. . “he told to himself. “I wonder if his absence has anything to do with one of these lessons. “ Mr Chen looked at the subjects for Thursday: Mathematics, English, P. E. He thought about P. E

5、. He knew that the pupils had P. E. twice a week: once on Monday, when they usually played games on the school field, and once on Thursday, when they did exercises in the gym. Mr Chen glanced round the office to find Mr Long, the rather strict P. E. teacher, but he was not there. “Id better have a c

6、hat with Long and David, “Mr Chen thought. The bell rang. “I cant do anything right now, “Mr Chen thought. “Its time to go to Class 2. I ll do it later on. “ Mr Chen picked up his books and walked off to teach Class 2. Later, on Friday, Mr Chen spoke to Mr Long, the P. E. teacher. Mr Long agreed tha

7、t it seemed strange for David to be absent so often on gym days. They thought about it for a while. “David is a good athlete（运动员）, ”Mr Long finally said, “but hes afraid of heights. I was hard on him once because he wouldnt climb more than a couple of metres up the rope. Do you think thats why hes b

8、een absent recently? ” “Yes, I think so, “Mr Chen said. “Im going to talk to him this afternoon before he goes home. “ “Well, Ive got a suggestion to make, “said Mr Long. “If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to hel

9、p him. ” “Thats very kind of you, “said Mr Chen. “Ill get him to come and see you on Monday or Tuesday. ” 1. The letter was sent to Mr Chen because David on Thursday. A. was ill at home B. didnt go to school C. was absent from P. E. class 2. Mr Chen was puzzled by the letter because . A. Davids moth

10、er sent him the letter B. he couldnt understand the letter C. it didnt seem to be written by an educated adult 3. Mr Chen got the idea that Davids absence had something to do with PE after he _ . A. studied the timetable B. studied the class register C. talked with Mr Long 4. The underlined word“ ve

11、rtigo“ means in the passage. A. 身体疼痛 B. 恐高眩晕 C. 肠胃痉挛 5. From the passage we know _. A. David didnt like P. E. classes B. David didnt like Mr Longs being hard on him C. David was afraid of heights 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【分析】 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述陈先生发现大卫每个周四都请假不上学，他感到很不解。后来他发现原来是 和体育课有关。陈先生找体育老师龙先生

12、了解情况。原来龙先生对大卫很严格，但是大卫恐高，每次练习 都出问题，所以大卫害怕上体育课。龙先生知道这件事后，打算以后多多帮助大卫。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 David was absent on Thursday last week and the week before. Hm. Why is he so often absent on Thursdays? Was he really ill yesterday? Could it be a coincidence（巧合）可知，大卫上个星期四和上上个星期 四都没来。嗯。为什么他星期四总是缺席?他昨天真的病了吗?可能这是一个巧合。

13、根据后文可知，他不是真 地生病了，而是怕上体育课。所以，大卫没有上学，故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I dont understand, ”he said to himself. He shook his head as he circled four mistakes in the letter. “Mrs Wang is an educated woman. She wouldnt make mistakes like these even if she did write the letter in a hurry 可知，陈先生不能理解，请假条里有四个错误，王女士是一个受

14、过教育的女人，她不可能犯这样的错 误，所以他困惑的是这封信看起来不是一个受过教育的成年人写的，故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I wonder. . “he told to himself. “I wonder if his absence has anything to do with one of these lessons. “ Mr Chen looked at the subjects for Thursday: Mathematics, English, P. E. He thought about P. E. He knew that the pupils had

15、P. E. twice a week: once on Monday, when they usually played games on the school field, and once on Thursday, when they did exercises in the gym. Mr Chen glanced round the office to find Mr Long, the rather strict P. E. teacher, but he was not there 可知，陈先生看了周四的课表，发现周四有一堂练习的体育课，每个周四大 卫都请假，所以表示陈先生看完课程

16、表后感觉他请假是与体育课有关，故选 A。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据 If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from （遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him可知，如果他恐高，可以在放学后找我，许多人都恐高，我乐意为他 提供帮助，所以可以推断出 vertigo 译为恐高眩晕，故选 B。 【5 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据 but hes afraid of heights. I was hard on him o

17、nce because he wouldnt climb more than a couple of metres up the rope. Do you think thats why hes been absent recently 以及 If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him可知，大卫 恐高，在体育课上表现得不好，而且体育老师对他很严格，当体育老师得知这件事后，很

18、乐意帮助他。所 以可知得知，大卫恐高，故选 C。 【点睛】解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、通过同义词或近义词来 猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；6、 通过转折和因果关系来猜测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。对于这类题采取“代入法”也非常有效， 即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一个选 项就是该题的正确答案。 例如第 4 题。 根据 If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me afte

19、r school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him可知，如果他恐高，可以在放学后找我，许多 人都恐高，我乐意为他提供帮助，所以可以推断出 vertigo 译为恐高眩晕。 B We know people can be nice, but what about animals? Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. Animals that live in groups-like foxes, chimp

20、anzees（大猩猩）, and elephants-follow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive（生存）. However, animals can act nicely, even when they dont have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior. Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a resea

21、rcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male（公的）fox played roughly（粗鲁地）with her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him an

22、other chance, and this time, he played more gently. Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didnt have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as h

23、e tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him! An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. He needed help because he couldnt put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a h

24、ealthy elephant. The healthy elephant didnt need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friends mouth. Hippos（河马）and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One

25、 day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack （攻击） the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles. 6. The main idea of the passage is . A. animals that live in g

26、roups follow rules B. some animals can be nice to other animals C. most animals are nice to people 7. The underlined phrase “do just that” means . A. be nice B. play roughly C. walk away 8. We can say that Teleki . A. is short B. hates hiking C. could not climb the tree 9. The elephant needed help b

27、ecause _. A. the tree was too tall B. it could not use its trunk C. it had no food 10. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _. A. the crocodile B. the chimpanzee C. the monkey 【答案】6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】 本篇文章难度适中，主要通过几个令人吃惊的故事表明有时候一些动物也会表现得很好。例如赤狐、猩猩、 大象以及河马。 【6 题详解】 主旨大意题

28、。根据 However, animals can act nicely, even when they dont have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior 以及全文可知，动物有时候会表现的很好，甚至有时候他们没有必要这么做，后文讲 述了几个故事，说明有些动物对其他动物表现得很好，故选 B。 【7 题详解】 词义猜测题。 根据 Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at th

29、e University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that可知，当某人对一些人不友好时，他们会生气 地走开，母的赤狐也像那样做，指的就是赤狐也会走开，故选 C。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 He didnt have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. Th

30、e chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him可知，泰莱基想要树上的水果，但是树太高了，一个小猩猩好奇地看着他，最后这个 猩猩爬上树摘了水果送给了他，所以可以推断出泰莱基不会爬树，故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据 An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk （象鼻子） . He needed help because he couldnt put food into his mouth 可知，在肯尼亚，一只大象伤了它鼻子，因为它不能将食物送到嘴里，所以它需要帮助，

31、。所以 因为鼻子有伤，不能使用鼻子，故选 B。 【10 题详解】 代词指代题。 代词代指上文中出现的内容。 根据 One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away可知，鳄鱼想吃猴子，一个河马迅速跑向鳄鱼，将鳄鱼 赶走，所以 it代指的是鳄鱼。故选 A。 C 阅读阅读 C 篇篇, 判断正误。请将答案编号涂卡。判断正误。请将答案编号涂卡。 Misunderstandings A man, wearin

32、g dirty clothes, with dirty hair and only 35 cents in his pocket, got on a bus and headed straight for the restroom. He thought that if he hid in the restroom, he could ride to New York without paying. But a passenger at the back of the bus saw him. She tapped（拍）the person in front of her on the sho

33、ulder and said, “Theres a bum in the restroom. Tell the bus driver. ”That passenger tapped the person sitting in front of him. “Tell the bus driver theres a bum in the restroom, ”he said. The message was passed from person to person until it reached the front of the bus. But somewhere along the way,

34、 the message changed. By the time it reached the bus driver, it was not “Theres a bum in the restroom” but “Theres a bomb（炸弹）in the restroom. ”The driver pulled over to the side of the highway（高速公路）at once and called the police. When the police arrived, they told the passengers to get off the bus an

35、d stay far away. Then they closed the highway. That soon caused a 15-mile-long traffic jam. With the help of a dog, the police searched the bus for two hours. Of course, they found no bomb. Two similar-sounding English words also caused trouble for a man who wanted to fly from Los Angeles to Oakland

36、, California. His problems began at the airport in Los Angeles. He thought he heard his flight announced, so he walked to the gate, showed his ticket, and got on the plane. Twenty minutes after take-off, the man began to worry. Oakland was north of Los Angeles, but the plane seemed to be heading wes

37、t, and when he looked out his window all he could see was ocean. “Is this plane going to Oakland? ”he asked the flight attendant. “No, “she said. “Were going to Auckland-Auckland, New Zealand. ” Because so many English words sound similar, misunderstandings among English-speaking people are not unco

38、mmon. Most misunderstandings are much less serious. Every day, people speaking English ask one another questions like these: “Did you say seventy or seventeen? ”“Did you say that you can come or that you cant? ” Similar-sounding words can be especially confusing （混淆） for people who speak English as

39、a second language. When a Korean woman who lives in the United States arrived at work one morning, her boss asked her, “Did you get a plate? ” “ No,”she answered, wondering what in the words he meant. She worked in an office. Why did the boss ask her about a plate? All day she wondered about her bos

40、ss strange question, but she was too embarrassed to ask him about it. At five oclock, when she was getting ready to go home, her boss said, “Please be on time tomorrow. You were 15 minutes late this morning. “Sorry, “she said. “My car wouldnt start, and. . ” Suddenly she stopped talking and began to

41、 smile. Now she understood. Her boss hadnt asked her, “Did you get a plate? “He had asked her, “Did you get up late? ” Auckland and Oakland. “A plate“ and“ up late“. When similar-sounding words cause a misunderstanding, probably the best thing to do is just to laugh and learn from the mistake. Of co

42、urse, sometimes its hard to laugh. The man who traveled to Auckland instead of Oakland didnt feel like laughing. But even that misunderstanding turned out all right in the end. The airline paid for the mans hotel room and meals in New Zealand and for his flight back to California. “Oh well, “the man

43、 later said. “I always wanted to see New Zealand. “ A 表示正确, B表示错误。 11. A man got on the bus and hid in the bus restroom with a bomb. 12. The 15-mile-long traffic jam was caused by the man in the restroom. 13. The man who traveled to New Zealand actually wanted to fly to California. 14. The boss of t

44、he Korean woman asked her if she had got a plate that day. 15. Misunderstandings happen sometimes because of the similar-sounding words. 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【分析】 本篇文章难度适中，主要通过几个故事讲述许多将英语作为第二语言的人，通常在读音相似的单词上产生 误解，例如 bum和 bomb、Oakland 和 Auckland、a plate 和 up late 等 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据

45、 A man, wearing dirty clothes, with dirty hair and only 35 cents in his pocket, got on a bus and headed straight for the restroom. He thought that if he hid in the restroom, he could ride to New York without paying 以及下文可知，一个流浪汉为了逃票，藏到了卫生间中，乘客们在传话中，将 bum（流浪汉）误传为 bomb （炸弹） ，所以这个男人没有带炸弹，故填 B。 【12 题详解】

46、细节理解题。根据 That soon caused a 15-mile-long traffic jam. With the help of a dog, the police searched the bus for two hours. Of course, they found no bomb以及上文可知，乘客们在传话中，将 bum（流浪汉）误传为 bomb （炸弹） ，司机将车停下，警察封锁了高速公路造成了堵塞，并不是因为这个男人造成了交通堵塞，故填 B。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Is this plane going to Oakland? ”he asked the f

47、light attendant. “No, “she said. “Were going to Auckland-Auckland, New Zealand. ”可知，这个男人想要去美国的奥克兰而不是新西兰的奥克兰，故填 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据 Suddenly she stopped talking and began to smile. Now she understood. Her boss hadnt asked her, “Did you get a plate? “He had asked her, “Did you get up late? ”可知，老板问他“

48、你起床晚了吗？”而不是 “你有盘子吗？”，故填 B。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Because so many English words sound similar, misunderstandings among English-speaking people are not uncommon 以及 When similar-sounding words cause a misunderstanding, probably the best thing to do is just to laugh and learn from the mistake 可知，由于单词相似的读音，有

49、时候误解会发生，故填 A。 【点睛】“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路： （1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉 络。 （2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在 原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。 （3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此 基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。 例如本篇文章第 4题， 题干译为“这个韩国女人的老板问她那天是否带了一个盘子”。 根据文章 Suddenly she stopped talking and began to smile. Now she understood. Her boss hadnt asked her, “Did you get a plate? “He had asked her, “Did you get up late? ”可