21春西南大学[0057]《英语词汇学》作业辅导资料.docx

1、西南大学培训与继续教育学院 课程代码：0057学年学季：20211 单项选择题单项选择题 1 1、InInthethe19th19thcentury,century,goldgoldwaswasfirstfirst _ ininCalifornia.California. 1.incovered 2.recovered 3.uncovered 4.discovered 2 2、“loselose faceface”isis a(n)a(n) _._. 1.semantic loan 2.denizen 3.alien 4.translation loan 3 3、TheTheUnitedUni

2、tedNationsNationshashasappealedappealedforforhelphelpfromfromthethe _ munity. 1.B. within-national 2.intra-national 3.international 4.in-national 4 4、 DoesDoes TomTom smoke?smoke? No.No. HeHe isis a a _._. 1.unsmoker 2.nonsmoker 3.dissmoker 4.insmoker 5 5、WordsWords suchsuch asaspriest,priest, bisho

3、p,bishop, monk,monk, nun,nun, candlecandle, , etc.etc. areare ofof _ origin.origin. 1.Russian 2.Indian 3.Latin 4.Greek 6 6、ComeCome on!on! CheerCheer up!up! DonDont t justjust sitsit herehere asas stiffstiff asas a a _._. 1.poker 2.patient 3.queen 4.king 7 7、YouYou werewere notnot seriouslyseriously

4、 injured.injured. DonDont t makemake a a _ outout ofof a a _._. 1.mountain, molehill 2.mount, molehill 3.hill, molehill 4.molehill, mountain 8 8、OurOur teacherteacher isis nownow notnot withwith us.us. Aha!Aha! WhenWhen thethe _ isis away,away, thethe _ willwill play.play. 1.tiger, monkeys 2.old, yo

5、ung 3.cat, mice 4.hawk, birds 9 9、 WordsWords withwith suchsuch clustersclusters asas “chch”, , “phph”, , “pnpn”, , “rhrh”asas ininchasm,chasm, phone,phone, pneumaticpneumaticandandrhetoricrhetoricareare mostmost probablyprobably ofof _ origin.origin. 1.German 2.Chinese 3.Greek 4.Latin 1010、MyMy hus

6、bandhusband isis extremelyextremely _,_, whilewhile I I amam extremelyextremely _._. 1.long-sighted, short-sighted 2.long-sight, short-sight 3.long-sights, shot-sights 4.long-sighting, short-sighting 1111、InIn “TomToms s familyfamily keepkeep a a goodgood tabletable”, , thethe wordword tabletablemea

7、nsmeans _._. 1.food and drinks served at meals 2.none of the above 3.people assembled around a table, as at meals 4.the piece of furniture with a flat horizontal surface supported by one or more vertical legs 1212、WeWeeventuallyeventuallyranranoutoutofofpatiencepatiencewithwithhishis _ behaviour.beh

8、aviour. 1.childish 2.childlike 3.child 4.childy 1313、I Itooktookonlyonlya a _ ofofbeansbeans withwith memeandandleft.left. 1.hand 2.handful 3.handy 4.handed 1414、TheThemissilesmissilesmissedmissedtheirtheir _,_, soso thethe researchresearch groupgroup diddid notnot reachreach itsits _._. 1.target, t

9、arget 2.goal, goal 3.goal, target 4.target, goal 1515、ContraryContrary _ publicpublic opinion,opinion, thisthis areaarea hashas longlong beenbeen a a heavenheaven forfor allall formsforms ofof insectinsect life.life. 1.for 2.with 3.to 4.at 1616、NoNo newnew ideasideas _ fromfrom thethe meeting.meetin

10、g. 1.merged 2.submerged 3.emerged 4.immerged 1717、HavingHaving lostlost thethe match,match, thethe teamteam wentwent homehome inin _ spirits.spirits. 1.F. dark 2.deep 3.low 4.empty 1818、TheThe OldOld EnglishEnglishwordwordstst n nmeansmeans _ inin modernmodern English.English. 1.stalig 2.stole 3.sta

11、in 4.stone 1919、ItIt isis itsits _ thatthat makesmakes OldOld EnglishEnglish fundamentallyfundamentally differentdifferent fromfrom ModernModern English.English. 1.pronunciation 2.spelling 3.meaning 4.grammar 2020、AfterAfter hishis recoveryrecovery fromfrom illness,illness, hehe _ hishis formerforme

12、r position.position. 1.D. presumed 2.resumed 3.assumed 4.consumed 2121、InIn “ElizabethElizabeth couldcould hearhear voicesvoices throughthrough thethe openopen doordoor”, , thethe wordworddoordoormeansmeans _._. 1.the moveable barrier in the entrance to a building, room, cupboard, car, etc. 2.the ch

13、annel to a certain place 3.None of the above 4.the panel board 2222、AmongAmong thethe synonymoussynonymous group,group,oldold man,man, daddy,daddy, dad,dad, fatherfatherandandmalemale parentparent, , _ wouldwould mostmost probablyprobably usedused byby a a lawyerlawyer inin thethe court.court. 1.C.

14、male parent 2.father 3.old man 4.dad 2323、WhichWhich ofof thethe followingfollowing usuallyusually appearsappears inin poemspoems？_ 1.nag 2.steed 3.horse 4.gee-gee 2424、TheThe mainmain characterscharacters inin thethe novelnovel seemseem soso truetrue toto life,life, butbut actually,actually, theyth

15、ey areare entirelyentirely _._. 1.imaginative 2.imagined 3.imaginable 4.imaginary 2525、Mrs.Mrs. SmithSmith isis afraidafraid thatthat sheshe andand herher husbandhusband dondont t seesee _ onon NewNew YearYear Resolutions.Resolutions. 1.eye to eye 2.heart to heart 3.face to face 4.back to back 判断题判断

16、题 2626、ManyMany wordswords inin EnglishEnglish vocabularyvocabulary areare positional. 1.A. 2.B. 2727、TheThe wordword nicenicehashas gonegone throughthrough a a semanticsemantic changechange calledcalled “generalizationgeneralization”. . 1.A. 2.B. 2828、InIn thethe MiddleMiddle EnglishEnglish period,

17、period, EnglishEnglish lostlost mostmost ofof itsits inflections.inflections. 1.A. 2.B. 2929、deerdeeroriginallyoriginally refersrefers toto a a wildwild animalanimal ofof anyany kind.kind. 1.A. 2.B. 3030、timetimeandandtidetideusedused toto bebe synonymoussynonymous toto eacheach other.other. 1.A. 2.

18、B. 3131、ConnotativeConnotative meaningmeaning ofof a a wordword isis relativelyrelatively stablestable andand insensitiveinsensitive toto thethe changechange ofof context.context. 1.A. 2.B. 3232、VIPVIPisis anan acronym,acronym, formedformed byby takingtaking thethe firstfirst lettersletters ofof a a

19、 seriesseries ofof wordswords andand pronouncedpronounced asas a a singlesingle word.word. 1.A. 2.B. 3333、LondonLondon dialectdialect beganbegan toto spreadspread asas StandardStandard EnglishEnglish inin thethe MiddleMiddle EnglishEnglish period.period. 1.A. 2.B. 3434、AmongAmongapple,apple, FujiFuj

20、i apple,apple, fruitfruitandandfoodfood, ,fruitfruitisis thethe basicbasic levellevel categorycategory andand thethe restrest areare thethe subordinatesubordinatecategories.categories. 1.A. 2.B. 3535、FarewellFarewellisis shortenedshortened fromfromFareFare theethee wellwell. . 1.A. 2.B. 3636、AmEAmE

21、andand BrEBrE sharesshares allall grammaticalgrammatical rules.rules. 1.A. 2.B. 3737、ComparativelyComparatively speaking,speaking, askaskisis moremore formalformal thanthan interrogate.interrogate. 1.A. 2.B. 3838、TheThe meaningsmeanings ofof a a wordword formform a a networknetwork inin whichwhich e

22、acheach meaningmeaning enjoysenjoys thethe samesame status.status. 1.A. 2.B. 3939、househouseisis thethe superordinatesuperordinateofofwall,wall, roof,roof, floorfloor, , etc.etc. 1.A. 2.B. 4040、“JustJust a a second!second!”isis a a casecase ofof litoteslitotes(understatement).(understatement). 1.A.

23、2.B. 4141、fallfall, , meaningmeaning Autumn,Autumn, isis convertedconverted fromfrom thethe verbverbfallfallwhichwhich meansmeans “dropdrop oror comecome downdownunderunder thethe influenceinfluence gravitygravity”. . 1.A. 2.B. 4242、ComparedCompared withwith subordinatesubordinatelevellevel categori

24、es,categories, basicbasic levellevel categoriescategories areare thethe moremore generalgeneral ones.ones. 1.A. 2.B. 4343、InIn thethe sentence,sentence, “I I presumepresume thatthat youyou areare Dr.Dr. LivingstoneLivingstone”, ,presumepresumecancan bebe replacedreplaced byby “supposesuppose”. . 1.A

25、. 2.B. 4444、ProgramProgramisis thethe shortenedshortened formform forforprogrammeprogrammeinin BrE.BrE. 1.A. 2.B. 4545、air-conditionerair-conditionerisis a a wordword derivedderived fromfrom addingaddingerertotoair-conditionair-condition. . 1.A. 2.B. 4646、AccordingAccording toto cognitivecognitivese

26、mantics,semantics, ourour mindmind cancan bebe exploredexplored viavia thethe studystudy ofof linguisticlinguistic meanings.meanings. 1.A. 2.B. 4747、ComparedCompared withwithhorse,horse, gee-geegee-geeisis stylisticallystylistically moremoreformal.formal. 1.A. 2.B. 4848、WordsWords withwith peculiarp

27、eculiarclusters,clusters, suchsuch asas “chch”, , “phph”, , “pnpn”, , “rhrh”, , “ismism”, , “izeize”etc.etc. areare mostmost probablyprobably GreekGreek inin origin.origin. 1.A. 2.B. 4949、Conventionally,Conventionally, nativenative elementelement ofof EnglishEnglish vocabularyvocabularyrefersrefers

28、toto thethe wordswords ofof Anglo-SaxonAnglo-Saxon Origin.Origin. 1.A. 2.B. 5050、ForFor anan EnglishEnglish word,word, thethe shiftshift ofof stressstress maymay indicateindicatea a changechange ofof partpart ofof speech;speech; exportexportisis a a perfectperfect example.example. 1.A. 2.B. 主观题主观题 5

29、151、translationtranslation loanloan 参考答案：参考答案： A translation loan is a word or an expression formed from the material already existing in the English language but according to patterns taken from another languageby way of literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation. Examples are “land-reform”

30、, “mutual-aid” team, “national bourgeoisie”, etc. 5252、blendingblending 参考答案：参考答案： Blendingrefers to process of making a new word by combining parts of two or more words. For example,the word “brunch”is made by combining “breakfast”and “lunch”. 5353、jargonjargon 参考答案：参考答案： Jargon are languages pecul

31、iar to a trade, profession, or other group. For example,RAM, ROM, Hard Disk, CPU,etc. are all jargons of computer science. 5454、generalizationgeneralization 参考答案：参考答案： Generalization refers to the extension of the word range, or the widening of the semanticscope. Forexample, “manuscript”originally m

32、eans “something handwritten”; presently, its semantic scope has been widened tobe “a copy of a book, a piece of music, etc. before it has been printed”. 5555、subjectificationsubjectification 参考答案：参考答案： Subjectification refers to the process by which the meaning of a given word changes from relativel

33、y objective to increasingly subjective. For example, “very”originally meant “true”or “real”, which are objective descriptive, such as , very knightmeant “true knight”. Presently, “very”is mainly a subjective adverb with personal evaluation. When I say “It is very hot”, the degree of “hotness”is out

34、of my own personal evaluation. 5656、WhatWhat isis antonymyantonymy andand whatwhat areare itsits differentdifferent types?types? 参考答案：参考答案： Antonymyrefers to the relationship between two or rarely more words of the same language, belonging to the same part of speech, identical in style and nearly id

35、entical in distribution, associated and used together so that their denotative meanings render contrary or contradictory notions.There are three types of antonymy 1) Complementary antonymyrefers to the relation between two words that the denial of onemember implies the assertion of the other, and vi

36、ce versa. e.g.male vs. Female; alive vs. dead; boy vs.girl; odd vs. even The relation between the members of the pair of complementary antonyms can be best represented in the following diagram: 2) Gradable antonymyrefers to the relation between two words that the two words in question are the two ex

37、tremes between which different degrees of grades can be distinguished. See more examples as the following: good vs. bad; fat vs. skinny; wide vs. narrow; fast vs. slow Many pairs of gradable antonyms contain one marked term and one unmarked, e.g.old/young, heavy/light, fast/slowwhere the second term

38、 is more restricted in distribution than the first. The relation between members of the pair of gradable antonymy can be represented in the following way: 3) Relational antonymyrefers to the relation between the two items do not constitute a positive-negative opposition, and the existence of one of

39、the pair presupposes the existence of the other, or one of them cannot be used without suggesting the other. See more examples as the following: e.g.predecessor vs. successor; parent vs. child; teacher vs. student lend vs. borrow; employer vs. employee; buy vs. sell 5757、WhatWhat isis contextcontext

40、 andand whatwhat rolerole doesdoes itit playplay inin shapingshaping wordword meaning?meaning? 参考答案：参考答案： Word meaning is sensitive to context, speakers and hearers usually rely heavily on context in constructing and interpreting word meaning. Contextual information can exert two major effects.More

41、specifically, it influences the interpretation of a word, on the one hand, and speeds up lexical access, on the other. In most cases, the contextual aspect plays a crucial role in recognizing the specific meaning of a word. 1) Context has the crucial role to resolve ambiguity. e.g. Please give me a

42、hamburger, a cup of cola, and some chips. a small piece of wood,the potato chip, or electronic circuit I saw a tattooof dragon on the back of that naked young guy, The big John has been accustomed to the constanttattoos, Hearing the sound of tattoo, soldiers returned to the quarter as quickly as pos

43、sible. tattoo1 a signal sounded on a drum or bugle to summon soldiers or sailors to their quartersat night; tattoo2 a display of military exercises offered as evening entertainment; tattoo3 a design that is drawn on someones skin using needles to make little holes and fillingthem with colored dye. 2

44、) Context gives rise to the joking effect of puns. e.g. A: Why cant a bicycle stand on its own? B: Because it is two-tired. a thick piece of rubber of vehicles, to having used a lot of energy and wanting a rest 3) Context is beneficial to the understanding of deixis. There are three major kinds of d

45、eixis, that is, person deixis (I, you, we), spatial deixis(here, there), and temporal deixis(now, yesterday). e.g.Ididnt seeheryesterday. It only with the contextual information can the reader know whom the personal deixisherrefers to. And the sameis the case with the deixises in the following examp

46、le: Only contextual information can provides clues to the understanding ofI, herandyesterday. 5858、InterrogationInterrogation isis a apsywarpsywarbetweenbetween thethe policepolice questionersquestioners andand thethe suspects.suspects. 参考答案：参考答案： 审问是警察与犯罪嫌疑人之间的心理战。 5959、HeHe thatthat supssups withw

47、ith thethe devildevil mustmust havehave a a longlong spoon.spoon. 参考答案：参考答案： 与恶人交往，必须小心谨慎。 6060、LetLets s cashcash inin onon thethe finefine weatherweather andand gogo forfor anan excursion.excursion. 参考答案：参考答案： 让我们好好利用这好天气，出门远足吧。 6161、TheThe proofproof ofof puddingpudding isis inin thethe eating.eating. 参考答案：参考答案： 夸夸其谈不如亲身实践。 6262、OnceOnce bitten,bitten, twicetwice shy.shy. 参考答案：参考答案： 一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。