人教版八下-Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents -Section A Grammar focus 4a—4c-教案、教学设计-市级优课-(配套课件编号：b31e4).doc

1、教学内容：教学内容： 宾语从句的定义宾语从句的定义 划出下面的宾语部分 I know him. He runs a big shoe factory. We grow lots of vegetables. He told me the news. I hear that you have passed the examination. 置于动词置于动词、介词介词和形容词和形容词（afraid,sure,glad 等等）等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语宾语从句的语 序必须是陈述语序。序必须是陈述语序。 大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句，如th

2、ink,hope,wish, believe ,say ,know ,hear ,tell ,remember ,forget 等，常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised。 He told me（that）he would go to college the next year. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. I am sorry I am late. I am sure I wil

3、l pass the exam. 宾语从句宾语从句主要考点梳理主要考点梳理 一一.宾语从句中引导词的用法宾语从句中引导词的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which ,whoever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 （一）一）that 引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合 that 可以省略）可以省略） 可跟可跟 that 从句做宾语的动词有：从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, ins

4、ist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。 例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 注意事项注意事项

5、：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定 时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例句：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中在以下情况中 that 不能省略不能省略 1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可省，但后面的 that 不可省。 例句例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked

6、 not to tell you. 2.当主句的谓语动词与 that 宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省。 例句例句：JustthenI noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3.当 that 从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that 不可省。 例句例句：I cant tell him that his mother died. 注意事项注意事项：如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语 it. 例句例句：I find it necess

7、ary that we should do the homework on time. I think itnecessarythat we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. I feel it apitythat I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. I havemadeit a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all finditimportant that we (should) make a quick d

8、ecision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. （二）由（二）由 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由 whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要 用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中 whether 与 if 可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下 if 与 whether 是不能互换的。 例例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. 只能只能用 whether，不能用，不能用 if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 1.直接与 o

9、r not 连用时 例句例句：I cant say whether or not they can come on time. 2.在带 to 的不定式前 例句例句：We decided whether to walk there. 3.在介词的后面 例句例句：Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film. Everything depends on whether we have enough money。 只能用只能用 if 不能用不能用whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 if 引导否定概念的宾语从句时 例句例句：He as

10、ked if I didnt come to school yesterday. （三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序：连接代词/副 词+主语+谓语+其他成分。 用于这种结构的动词常常是： see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise 等。 英语中的连接代词有：英语中的连接代词

11、有：who,whom,whose,which,what，在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。如： 例句：例句：Do youknowwho will come this afternoon ?(作主语) Did you hear what she said ?（作宾语） I dont know whose that is .（作表语） Could you tell me which gate we have to go to ? （作定语） Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?（作宾语） 英语中的连接副词有：英语中的连接副词有：when,where,

12、why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。 例句：例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. Can you tell me how I get to the post office ? We didnt know when she would come back . 二二.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态 1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 例句例句： Shesaysthatsheis a student. Shesaysthat she will fly to Ja

13、pan in a week. She saysthatshe has finished her homework already. She saysthatshe can sing a song in English. I hear hewas here yesterday. Could you tell me what you were doing at eight last night? 2、主句是过去时态，从句需改为相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改为一般过去时，现在进行时改为过去进行时，一、主句是过去时态，从句需改为相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改为一般过去时，现在进行时改为过去进行时，一

14、般将来时改成般将来时改成过去将来时过去将来时，现在完成时和一般过去时改为过去完成时。，现在完成时和一般过去时改为过去完成时。 Shesaidthat shewasa student. She said thatshewould fly to Japan in a week. She said thatshehad finished her homework already. Shesaid that shecould sing a song in English. Shewassorrythat she hadnt finished her work on time. 3、如果宾语从句中有明确

15、表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。 Shesaidshe came to work here in 1998. The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923. 4、如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 Theteachersaid that the earth goes round the sun

16、. He told methatJapan is an island country. Theteacher toldhis class that light travels faster than sound. 5、委婉语气、委婉语气 Could you tell me是用来征询对方的意见，并不表示过去是用来征询对方的意见，并不表示过去常按照一般现在时处理常按照一般现在时处理。 Could youtellme when we will visit the Histury Museum? 三三.特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意 1、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接

17、代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如：、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如： Whosebikeis this ? Does anybody know ? Doesanybodyknow whose bike this is ? 2、宾语从句的时态与主句的时态保持一致。如：、宾语从句的时态与主句的时态保持一致。如： Whenthetrainwill arrive ? He asked me . He asked mewhenthe train would arrive . 3、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。如：、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语

18、序。如： Which onedoyou like best ? She asked me . She askedmewhich one I liked best . 注意注意 疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 do / does / did , 变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语时词再根据时态作相变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语时词再根据时态作相 应的变化。应的变化。 4、特殊疑问句词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化、特殊疑问句词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化） 。如：。如： Who cananswerthe questi

19、on ? The teacher asked . The teacher asked who could answer the question . 5、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式： 如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如： I dont know when we shall start tomorrow . Doyouknow when we shall start tomorrow ?

20、课堂练习课堂练习 填空题 I hear(that) _.一小时后他会回来 Hesaid (that) _.他非常想念我们 Theteacher told us (that) _.地球围着太阳转 Whether/if 引导的宾语从句 Willtheyplant trees tomorrow?I dont know_. Haveyouseen him before? I cant remember_. Doesheneed to come early? He asks_. If 与whether的区别 I dont know _ he will come or not. Itdependson _

21、 it will be fine. Hewondered_ to stay here the next week. 选择题 1. -Do you know_ now? -In the Peoples Hotel. A. where is Tom workingB. where did Tom workC. where Tom is workingD. where Tom worked 2. Could you tell me _? A. where can I buy this kind of CD playerB. where could I buy this kind of CD play

22、er C. I can buy this kind of CD player whereD. where I can buy this kind of CD player 3. - Could you tell us how long _?-About three days. A. does the sports meeting lastB. the sports meeting last C. will the sports meeting lastD. the sports meeting will last 4. Would you please tell me _? Id like t

23、o visit you sometime next week. A. where he comes fromB. where do you come from C. where you liveD. where do you live 5. You must remember _. A. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said whatD. what has your teacher said 6. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink

24、with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 7. Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been 8. The students want to know whether they_ dictionary today. A. hadB. has C. will have D. Are 9.She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A.

25、could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 10. Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 综合练习综合练习 1. I asked the little girl _ so that I could take her home. A.where did she liveB. where she livedC. where does she liveD. how she lived 2. My fr

26、iend asked me _. A.where was I fromB. that the earth is roundC. when did I come backD. not to be so angry 3. I want to know _. A.how much is the computerB. how much does the computer cost C. how much you spent on the computerD. how much did you pay for the computer 4. I know they are on holiday, but

27、 I dont know _. A.where have they beenB. where are theyC. where are they fromD. where they have gone 5. Why didnt your sister come to the party last night?I dont know _. A.why didnt sheB. why she didntC. why did sheD. why she did 6. Can you tell me _ ? A.which room I can live inB. which room can I l

28、ive in C. which room I can liveD. which room can I live 7. Could you tell me what _ this time yesterday?Er, I was playing basketball at school. A.are you doingB. you are doingC. were you doingD. you were doing 8. Do you know _ to go to London by air? A.how much does it costB. how much did it cost C.

29、 how much it costD. how much it costs 9. Could you tell me when _ ?In an hour. A.the train leftB. will the train leaveC. the train will leaveD. the train has left 10. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If 11. I dont know _

30、 the day after tomorrow. A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether hell come 12. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where 13. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mend

31、ed 14. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is looking C. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after 15. Do you know where _ now? A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live 16. Do you know what time _? A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leav

32、eD. the train leaves 17. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are oldB. how old are the two players C. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are 18. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockings C. where is their

33、stockings inD. what in their stockings 19. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas meanB. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas doesD. what Christmas means 按要求转换句型。按要求转换句型。 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子） Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China

34、? 2. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _ Jim _Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _ the train _. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用 not until 改写) They _ go home _ they had finished their homework 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.