人教版八下-Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum -Section A Grammar focus 4a—4c-教案、教学设计-市级优课-(配套课件编号：e014c).docx

1、Unit 9Have you ever been to a museum ? SectionAGrammar Focus Teaching aims (教学目标教学目标) Function:talk about past experiences. Key vocabulary and phrases:German, theme, ride, province, a couple of Target language: Have you ever been to a science museum? Yes, Ive been to a science museum./ No, Ive never

2、 been to a science museum. Have you ever visited the space museum? Yes, I have. I went there last year./ No, I havent. Ive been to the art museum many times. Me, too.And Ive also visited the nature museum. Teaching Key Points(重点重点) 1. The present perfect tense（现在完成时）. 2. How to use the present perfe

3、ct tense（如何使用现在完成时）. Difficulties(难点难点) To understand and use the present perfect tense. TeachingAids 1.Acomputer for multimedia use. 2.Avideo. Teaching steps(教学步骤教学步骤) Step 1 Have a try I.写出下面动词的过去式和过去分词 1. keep _ _ 2.write _ _ 3.see _ _ 4.leave _ _ 5. read _ _ 6.run_ _ 7.speak _ _ 8.do _ _ 9. go _

4、 _ 10.buy _ _ 11.take _ _12. think _ _ 13. begin _ _14. come _ _15. teach _ _ 16.have _ _ II.用 have been to /have gone to /have been in 填空 1. He isnt here ,he _ _ _ Beijing 2. Mary , _ you ever _ _ Beijing ? Yes , I have 3. I _ _ _ Hong Kong for four weeks 4.He has lived here since 1999.(就划线部分提问)_ _

5、 _ he_ here? Step 2 Learn the Present Perfect Tense by students themselves. 1. 基本结构 肯定式否定式 I/You/We/They have finished the work. He/She/It has finished the work. I/You/We/They have not finished the work. He/She/It has not finished the work. 构成：have(助动词) + p.p has(第三人称单数助动词) + p.p 疑问式回答 Have I/you fi

6、nished the work? Has he/she finished the work? Yes, you/I have. No, you/I havent. Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasnt. have not 常缩略为 havent has not 常缩略为 hasnt 2.现在完成时的用法 1）Have you had your lunch yet? Yes, I have. I have just had it.(现在我 不饿了） 2)Ive washed my clothes already. 我 已经洗了衣服。 (洗衣服的动作已完成，其结果 是

7、“衣服冼干净了”。 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成 的影响或结果。 此时， 常与时间副词 already(已 经) ， yet(还、 已经) ， just(刚刚、 仅仅) ， ever(曾 经) ，never(从不) ，before(以前)等连用。 I havent seen her these days. I have known Bob for three years. Ive been at this school for over two years. They have lived here since 1982. She has taught us since I came

8、 to this school. 某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时 间开始并一直持续到现在（包括现在）的 动作或者状态，可以和表示延续的时间状 语连用。表示持续动作或状态的是延续性 动词。此时常与“for +一段时间”或“since+ 过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时) 以及 so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。 for + 段时间 since +点时间 3.already, yet, ever, never, just 的用法 Already 肯定句，强调“已经”的意思, 放句中或句末. I have already finished my homework. = I have

9、 finished my homework already. yet 否定句、问句，表示“还没，没有”的意思,放句末 He hasnt finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet? ever 问句，表示曾经的意思Has John ever been to Zhuhai? never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思He has never been to China. just 肯定句，表示刚刚的意思I have just come back from China. 4 .for, since 及 how long

10、For + 时间段：表示某个动作持续了多长时间 Joey has been in New York for 10 years. Since + 时间点（具体时间/ ago/ 某个动作发生的时间 ）： 表示某个动作是从什么时候开始的，间接地表示这个动作持续的时间 Joey has been in New York since 1996. Joey has been in New York since ten years ago. Joey has been in New York since he first arrived. 两者都可以回答由 How long 引导的问题。 How long

11、has Joey been in New York? 5. have been to & have gone to 区别 比较：He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿了） 。 have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回 来。侧重指经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或 已到那里，反正不在这里。 6. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 比较：I have se

12、en the film. 我看过这部电影。 （我了解这部电影的内容） I saw the film last month. 我上个月看了这部电影。 (只说明上星期看了这部 电影，不涉及现在情况） 一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过去 的时间状语连用。 一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续到 现在并可能持续下去。 一般过去时的时间状语有： yesterday, last week， ago, in1980, in October, just now 共同的时间状语有：th

13、is morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years, Step 3 Practice I. 根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词(含缩写)。 1. My parents have come back already.(改为否定句) My parents _ _ back _. 2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (改为一般疑问句) _ the bo

14、ys _ to Japan lots of times? 3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore?(作肯定回答) _, she _. 4. I have been to the theme park three times. (对划线部分提问) _ _ times have you been to the theme park? 5. The movie has been on for half an hour. (对划线部分提问) _ _ has the movie been on? . 根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列句子或对话。 1. I _ (

15、work) in this city for 7 years. 2. How long _ she _ (live) here? Since she _ (get) a new job here. 3. How many words _ you _ (learn) since two years ago? 4. My mother _ never _ (hear) of this man. 5. Tom _ (be) to China twice. III.练习：用 already, yet, ever, never, just 填空。 1. Have you seen the film ()

16、? 2. Have you done your homework ()? -Not (), I will do it after supper. 3. Have you () been to England? -No, (). 4. I have () finished reading the book. 5. I have () paid for the car. Step 4 Work on 4a（on textbook） Step 5 Work on 4b（on textbook） Step 6 Summary Step 7 Show time: Finish 4c on textbook. Answer the survey questions and then ask your partner. Have you ever .YouYour partner been to another province in China? lost something important? Step 8 Homework Write down a passage according to the survey in 4c.