2021新版人教版选修三英语学案UNIT 3 预习新知早知道.doc

1、1/9 .匹配词义 a匹配下列单词词义 ()1.emissionAvt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服 ()2.fuelBvt.对处以罚款 ()3.worldwideCvi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造 n改革；变革；改良 ()4.broadcastDn.公司；企业；事业 ()5.policyEvt.恢复；使复原；修复 ()6.reformFn.燃料；刺激性言行 ()7.submitGn.政策；方针；原则 ()8.enterpriseHvt.&vi.播送；广播；传播 n广播节目；电视节目 ()9.restoreIn.排放物；散发物；排放 ()10.fineJadv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；

2、影响全世界的 答案15IFJHG610CADEB b匹配下列短语词义 ()1.result inA许多；很多 ()2.take actionB对产生影响 ()3.carry outC指的是 ()4.dozens ofD被困在；陷入困境；陷入 ()5.have an impact onE采取措施 ()6.refer toF导致 ()7.be trapped inG执行；实施 ()8.on behalf ofH代表(代替)某人 答案15FEGAB68CDH .默写单词 2/9 1melt vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化 2implement vt.使生效；贯彻；执行 3moderate ad

3、j.适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.&vt.缓和；使适中 4annual adj.每年的；一年的 n.年刊；年鉴 5volume n.量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 6campaign n.运动；战役 vi.&vt.参加运动；领导运动 7sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 8nuclear adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的 9garbage n.垃圾；废物 10ecology n.生态；生态学 .选词填空 restore； trend； sensitive； release； melt； submit； campaign； worldwide； undergo； polic

4、y 1The snow had melted，but the lake was still frozen solid. 2Humour is wonderful for releasing tension. 3His books have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide 4There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement. 5The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting. 6 Some children undergo a co

5、mplete transformation when they become teenagers. 7They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday. 8She is very sensitive to other peoples feelings. 9She may not have the money to maintain or restore her house. 10Today police launched a campaign to reduce road accidents. .语法填空之派生词 1Over th

6、ree hundred people have died of starvation(starve) since the beginning 3/9 of the year. 2Making the house habitable(habit) was a major undertaking. 3This is why the focus now is on sustainable(sustain) development. 4The Rough Guide to Nepal is a comprehensive(comprehension) guide to the region. 5I f

7、requently(frequent) use sunflowers as symbols of strength. 6The government has agreed to lift restrictions(restrict) on press freedom. 7 It is a harmonious(harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious. 8 Yetmuchoftheirsuccessreflectsgoodmanagementandgood regulations(regular) 9All produc

8、ts have to pass strict inspection(inspect) before they go out. 10His toleration(tolerate) of her behaviour amazed me. 1 According to the scientists who found its dead body， all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. 据发现其尸体的科学家称，北极熊仅存的只是“皮包骨头”。 2Experts claimed that low seaice levels c

9、aused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. 专家称， 由于气候变化导致的海洋冰川位置低意味着这只熊不能像以前那样 捕猎海豹，因此它必须走更远的距离才能找到食物。 3Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”， which has two common m

10、eanings： the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “manmade” greenhouse effect. 气候学家经常提到一个关键的过程，叫作“温室效应”，它有两个共同的含 义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。 4Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide， trap some of the heat，keeping Earths climate warm and habitable. 大气层中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，捕获了一些热量，保持了

11、地球气 4/9 候的温暖和宜居。 5There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives. 有确凿而全面的证据表明，气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不 仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。 名师圈点 decade n十年 graph

12、n图；图表；曲线图 atmosphere n大气层；氛围 melt vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化 melting ice 正在融化的冰 evidence n证据；根据 dramatic adj.巨大的；令人震惊的；戏剧性的 Svalbard 斯瓦尔巴群岛(又译斯瓦尔巴特、斯匹次卑尔根群岛)意为冷岸海 岸。位于北极地区的群岛，是挪威最北界国土范围的属地，它坐落在欧洲大陆北 方，于挪威大陆与北极点两者之间。 skin and bone 皮包骨头 starve vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死 starvation n饥饿；挨饿；饿死 claim vt.宣称；声明；断言 alarming ad

13、j.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的；引起恐慌的 have an impact on.对产生影响 ecology n生态；生态学 average adj.平均的 n平均数 refer to 指的是；参考；查阅 shortwave 短波的 release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布 5/9 length n长；长度 methane n甲烷；沼气 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 21 habitable adj.适合居住的 22 sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住 23 extra adj.额外的 24 fossil n化石 25 be trapped in 被困在；陷入困境；陷入 26 c

14、omprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的 27 extreme adj.极度的；极端的 28 worldwide adj.遍及全球地 29 appropriate adj.适当的；恰当的 30 trend n趋势；趋向；动向 31 broadcast vt.&vi.播送；广播；传播 32 emission n排放物；散发物；排放 33 result in 导致 34 longlasting 持久的；长期的 35 individual n个人 36 carbon footprint 碳足迹 37 restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚 38 seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制

15、原文呈现 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLDSATTENTION 6/9 We have known about climate change for decades . There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph )1 A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in t

16、he global climate. 1There is no doubt that.不容置疑的。 In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on2 Norways Arctic island of Svalbard . According to the scientists who found its dead body，all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones ” An expert w

17、ho has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body3，the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low seaice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find foo

18、d. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact onEarths ecology. 2that 引导定语从句，修饰 a dead bear。 3who 引导定语从句修饰 an expert；that 引导宾语从句。 Then what is causing the increase in the global averagesurface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the

19、 “greenhouse effect”， which has two common meanings4: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “manmade” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as shortwaveradiation5The heat is releasedback into spac

20、e at longer wave lengths . Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earths climate warm and habitable 21 . Without this process，Earth could not sustain 22 life. However，the “manmade” 7/9 greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When p

21、eople produce huge amounts of extra 23 greenhouse gases by burning fossil 24 fuels，more heat energy is trapped in 25 the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly. 4called.是过去分词短语作定语；which 引导非限定性定语从句。 5that 引导同位语从句，解释 the fact。 There is strong and comprehensive 26 evidence tha

22、t the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme 27 weather and natural disasters worldwide 28 ，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives6Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate 29 actions，this warming trend 30 will probably continue and there

23、will be a higher price to pay. In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast 31 about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. 6that 引导同位语从句，解释 evidence；causing 和 costing 在句中作结果状 语。 Continued greenhouse gas emissions 32 will result in 33 further warming and longlasting 34

24、 changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals 35 can also reduce our“carbon footprint 36 ”by restricting 37 the a

25、mount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize 38 every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming， along with its causes and impacts， because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help？ 译文参考 气候变化需要全 世界的

26、关注 我们已经知道气候变化几十年了。毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖和(如图 所示)。海洋和大气的变暖，冰的融化和海平面的上升，为全球气候的剧烈变化 8/9 提供了证据。 2013 年，挪威北极斯瓦尔巴特岛发现一只北极熊死亡的新闻照片，令很多 人震惊。据发现其尸体的科学家称，北极熊仅存的只是“皮包骨头”。一位研究 北极熊多年的专家说， 从北极熊尸体的位置来看， 北极熊似乎是饿死的。 专家称， 由于气候变化导致的海洋冰川位置低意味着这只熊不能像以前那样捕猎海豹， 因 此它必须走更远的距离才能找到食物。这一令人担忧的案例表明，温度的升高是 如何影响地球生态的。 那么是什么导致了全球平均地表温度的上升呢

27、？气候学家经常提到一个关 键的过程，叫作“温室效应” ，它有两个共同的含义： “自然”温室效应和“人为” 温室效应。 “自然”温室效应是指太阳产生的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气并 使地球表面变暖。热量以较长的波长释放回太空。大气层中的温室气体，如甲烷 和二氧化碳，捕获了一些热量，保持了地球气候的温暖和宜居。没有这个过程， 地球就无法维持生命。然而， “人为”的温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。当 人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中， 导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 有确凿而全面的证据表明，气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不 仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当 的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会继续下去，并将付出更高的代价。事实上，有关极 端暴雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的新闻报道经常播出。 温室气体排放量的持续增加将导致进一步变暖和全球气候的长期变化。 这需 要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策，采取适当行动和措施减少温 室气体排放。 我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减 少我们的“碳足迹” 。我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育大家认识全球变暖及其 原因和影响，因为全球变暖是影响我们地球上所有人的最严重问题。那么你会做 9/9 些什么来帮忙呢？