（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第一册英语Unit 4 教学•知识细解码 同步教材讲解.doc

1、1/10 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1concern n担心；关心 vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到concerned adj.担心的， 忧虑的；关注的，关切的 2 effect n效果， 作用； 影响effective adj.有效的； 生效的effectively adv. 有效地 3official n官员，要员 adj.公务的，公职的；正式的，官方的officially adv.正式地；官方地 4frighten v使惊恐，吓唬frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 5 energy n精力， 活力energeti

2、c adj.精力充沛的， 充满活力的energetically adv.精力充沛地 6immediate adj.立即的immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一就 7slight adj.轻微的slightly adv.稍微，略微 8stable adj.稳定的；稳重的stably adv.稳定地 1skip vt.&vi.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过，略过；跳绳，蹦蹦跳跳地走；快 速转移 The girls were skipping in the playground. 跳绳，蹦蹦跳跳地走 She decided to skip the afternoons class. 不

3、做(应做的事情等) You can skip the next chapter if you have covered the topic in class. 跳过，略过 She kept skipping from one topic of conversation to another. 快速转移 2faint adj.微弱的，微小的 vi.昏厥 His breathing became faint. 微弱的 There is still a faint hope that she may be cured. 微小的 Suddenly the woman in front of me fa

4、inted. 昏厥 2/10 Words And Phrases 知识要点1 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；聚集；全神贯注 (教材 P45) She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. 她告诉我她在课上注意力不集中。 例 1 I cant concentrate with all that noise going on. 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。 例 2 We need to concentrate resources on the most run- down areas. 我们需要把资源集

5、中用于最衰败的地区。 造句 我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。 I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live. 归纳拓展 (1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事 concentrate ones mind/attention/energy/efforts on 集中注意力于；全力以赴于 (2)concentration n. 集中精力；专心 即学即练 单句语法填空 You must concentrate your attention on improving(

6、improve) your English. You should concentrate your mind on/upon finishing the homework. Turn off the TV，so you can concentrate your attention on your homework. 知识要点2 concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 (教材 P45) Health experts are concerned about these figures. 健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。 例 1 She was concerned that she

7、 might miss the turning and get lost. 她担心自己会因错过转弯的地方而迷路。 例 2 Those concerned parents held a meeting. 那些忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。 造句 我担心她的安全。 I am concerned for/about her safety. 归纳拓展 3/10 (1)concern n 关心，关注；关系 vt. 与有关；使担忧 concern oneself about/with 关心，担心 (2)concerned adj. 关心的，担心的；有关的 be concerned about/for 对感到

8、担心 be concerned with 与有关 (3)concerning prep. 关于，有关 即学即练 单句语法填空 Her latest documentary is concerned(concern) with youth unemployment. They show great anxiety concerning(concern) their retirement allowance. As far as I am concerned，the young mans design isnt attractive at all. 知识要点3 effect n影响；效果，作用 (

9、教材 P45) They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. 他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。 例 1 The overall effect of the painting is overwhelming. 这幅画的总体效果气势磅礴。 例 2 The suggestions will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施。 造句 新法令明日起生效。 The new law tak

10、es effect from tomorrow. 归纳拓展 (1)have an effect onhave an influence onhave an impact on 对有影响 put/bring.into effect 使某物开始使用 in effect 事实上；实际上 take effect 生效；奏效 come into effect 开始实施；开始生效 side effect 副作用 (2)effective adj. 有效的 4/10 (3)affect v. 影响；感动 即学即练 单句语法填空 The government should take some effectiv

11、e(effect) measures to reduce pollution. The two systems are，in effect，the same. Violence on television has a bad effect on the development of children. 小片段助记 In effect，we feel superior to them.On the one hand，the new law is said to have come into effect from April，although it wont take effect as pla

12、nned；on the other hand，many great scientific achievements will affect our life as well as society，that is， great scientific achievements will have a great effect on our life as well as society. 知识要点4 diet n节食；日常饮食 vi.节食；进行规定饮食 (教材 P45) She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced

13、diet. 她指出有健康均衡的饮食很重要 例 1 All you need is enough sleep and a balanced diet. 你所需要的是充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食。 例 2 Youre overweight，and Im going to put you on a diet. 你的体重超重了，我要让你节食。 造句 医生建议他控制饮食减肥。 The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight. 归纳拓展 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 be on a diet/go on a diet 控制饮食 put s

14、b.on a diet 使某人节食 明辨异同 diet，food diet 指的是日常饮食或特定饮食，尤其指维持健康的定质定量的营养饮 食。常用作可数名词，和 a 连用 food 是食物的总称。凡是可以充饥的有营养的东西都可以称作 food，常作 不可数名词；但表示食物的种类时为可数名词 即学即练 单句语法填空 5/10 The girl is on a diet，hoping to become slimmer. I really ought to go on a diet.Ive put on so much weight since I gave up jogging. Every pe

15、rson needs water and a diet of healthy(health) food. 知识要点5 function n作用，功能，职能 vi.起作用；正常工作，运转 (教材 P45) .teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能完全发挥功能。 例 1 The sofa can also function as a bed. 这沙发也可以当床用。 例 2 The function of a chairm

16、an is to lead and control the meeting. 主席的职责是主持会议。 造句 这台机器运转不正常。 This machine is not functioning properly. 归纳拓展 function as 担任；起作用 perform a function 发挥功能 special function 特殊功能 即学即练 单句语法填空 Some English adverbs function as adjectives. He is searching for a way to make this machine perform a function.

17、 When her mother was ill，the girl had to function as both cook and nurse. 知识要点6 take in 包括；摄入，吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留 (教材 P45) If they do not take in enough food，they may feel weak and get ill easily. 如果没有摄入足够的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱，且很容易生病。 例 1 This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in. 这是假期的总费用，包括一切在

18、内。 例 2 He was homeless，so we took him in. 他无家可归，所以我们收留了他。 6/10 造句 我不明白你在说什么。 I dont take in what you are talking about. 归纳拓展 take away 拿开；拿走；解除，消除(痛苦等) take down 拆掉；写下；记录 take sth.apart 拆散，拆开 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take sb./sth. out 杀死；毁灭 即学即练 单句语法填空 I am not to be taken in by your lies. I was given some

19、pills to take away the pain. After the heavy rain，the willows took on a brighter green. 小片段助记 At present，most people arent willing to take on too much work because the extra cash isnt worth it，so the company has to take on more workers to do it.Im really sorry about that.If the company wants to take

20、 off，it must be taken over from the previous manager who is always mean to his workers. 知识要点7 frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的，惊吓的 (教材 P47) I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday. 上星期四当我在医院醒来时很害怕。 例 1 They frightened the old lady into signing the paper. 他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。 例 2 She was fr

21、ightened that the plane would crash. 她害怕飞机会坠毁。 造句 我害怕天黑后独自一人走回家。 Im frightened of walking home alone after dark. 归纳拓展 (1)be frightened of. 害怕 be frightened at. 对感到惊恐 (2)frighten vt. 使惊恐，吓唬 7/10 frighten sb./sth.away 把吓跑 frighten sb.into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 (3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的

22、即学即练 单句语法填空 The news was frightening and they were all frightened(frighten) The little child was frightened(frighten) by the fierce dog. When the child heard the frightening(frighten) story，he began to cry. He frightened me into telling(tell) him what happened. 小片段助记 Last night I read a frightening

23、story， which frightened me out of sleeping.I was really frightened at the ending of the story.All in all，I was frightened to death.I promised not to read such stories any more especially before going to bed. Sentence Pattern 重点句式 where 引导定语从句 (教材 P45) In a society where being thin is often seen as b

24、eing beautiful， teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。 句式分析：这是一个复合句。where being thin is often seen as being beautiful 是定语从句，修饰先行词 society。 例 1 This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。 例 2 Were just trying to reach a poin

25、t where both sides will sit down together and talk. 我们正努力达到一个双方能坐在一起谈一谈的状态。 造句 他为学习做准备的那段时间确实非常重要。 The stage where he is preparing for his study is really important. 归纳拓展 当先行词为 stage，case，situation，position，point 等抽象地点名词，且定语 从句中缺少状语时，用 where 引导定语从句。 8/10 翻译 1 At that time we had reached a stage wher

26、e we had more black readers than white ones(我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段) 翻译 2 Students should take part in some activities where they can gain experience(他们能获得经验的一些活动) 即学即练 单句语法填空 Its helpful to put children in a situation where they manage everything all by themselves. You reach a point where medicine can

27、t help. 1(教材 P45) In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful， teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 分析 本句是一个主从复合句。where 引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修 饰先行词 society，其中动词- ing 短语 being thin 作定语从句的主语；as being beautiful 作主语补足语；主句中不定式短语 to slim down quickly 作目的状语。 译文 在一个往

28、往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快 速减肥。 2(教材 P45) Its normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. 分析 本句是一个并列复合句。and 连接表示顺承关系的两个并列分句， 第一个分句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语 to be slightly overweight，第二个分句中 why 引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 reason。 译文 青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。 教

29、材 高考 1.Health experts are concerned about these figures. (2019 江苏卷)He felt concerned about his illness. 2.They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. (2019 江苏卷)Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees professional develop

30、ment. 9/10 3.I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday. (2019 全国卷 )He had tried to coax (哄)the dog to him but，frightened，it had run off. .单句语法填空 1Running is cheap，easy and its always energetic(energy) 2Rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of ra

31、bbits in the US. 3As is known to you，she hasnt got married. 4She wanted no chocolate because she was on a diet. 5Some students found it hard to take in what their teacher had taught，so they asked him to explain it again. 6Parents were too frightened(frighten) to take their children vacationing. 7He

32、got into shape by working out at the gym. 8This job really calls for a high level of concentration (concentrate) 9The number of passengers by this line fell off slightly(slight) in January. 10It is proved(prove) that the man has stolen some money from the shop. .短语填空 be concerned about；rather than；t

33、urn to；take in；slim down；get into shape； struggle with；whats more 1They really look delicious，but I have to slim down 2Our club plans to take in 20 new members. 3My cousin must have made an effort to get into shape 4More and more farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming. 5Parents are all con

34、cerned about their children. 6I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 7We still have to struggle with all kinds of difficulties. 8Whats more，I usually read a book or some essays every day. .课文语法填空 A teenage girl named Jennifer Jones 1.was reported(report) to have been rushed 10/10 to hospi

35、tal ， for she felt unwell and fainted in her morning PE lesson yesterday.Fortunately，she is 2.in a stable condition now and will make a full 3.recovery(recover) in a day or two. Jennifer thought 4.skipping(skip) meals would be a simple way to lose weight， but her friend Laura didnt think so.Laura on

36、ce warned her not 5.to miss(miss) meals， but in vain.Jennifers case is 6.a reminder of the dangers of 7.unhealthy(healthy) weight- loss habits that have become common among teenagers.In fact，some extreme “quickfix methods” have too many sideeffects，8.which do great harm to the teenagers health.What teenagers should do is to have a healthy 9.balanced(balance) diet，keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise.Only in this way can teenagers get into shape safely and 10.effectively(effective)