（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第一册英语Unit 3 泛读•技能初养成 同步教材讲解.doc

1、1/9 阅读 P3940“Reading 2”中的材料，选出最佳选项。 1Why may we hope to be alone sometimes in our life? ABecause we want to escape into our own world. BBecause being alone can lead to personal improvement. CBecause social groups can affect our own thoughts. DBecause close friendship can smooth out the rocky road. 2

2、How many benefits does close friendship have in general? ATwo. BThree. CFour. DFive. 3What is the first fruit of friendship? ATo comfort the heart. BTo share our joy and sadness. CTo respect our feelings. DTo treasure the moments of closeness. 4What can we learn about the second fruit of friendship?

3、 AIts very easy to find out our own weaknesses. BOur own feelings can make our judgements better. COur friends can help us make important decisions. DOur friends should deal with our problems alone. 5How can we better walk the “path of life”？ ABy giving support to our friends. BBy offering advice in

4、 many different ways. CBy achieving what we want to achieve. DBy carefully choosing friends and developing friendship. 答案 15 BBACD Words And Phrases 2/9 知识要点1 count on 依赖，依靠，指望 (教材 P34) A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. 真正的朋友是我们可以信赖的人。 例 1 If I got into trouble，I could always c

5、ount on Rose. 如果我有麻烦，我总是可以依靠罗丝。 例 2 You can count on them to do good，important things most of the time. 你可以指望他们在大多数时间做正确且重要的事情。 造句 你可以信赖我的支持。 You can count on my support. 归纳拓展 count vi. 认为；算作；重要 vt. 数数 count.in 包括在内 count.out 不包括 count.as/to be. 把视为 count among 把计算在内；包括 count up 计算，算出总数 即学即练 单句语法填空

6、I count him as my closest friend. If youre having a party，count me in 知识要点2 quality n品德，素质；质量；特征 adj.优质的，高质量的 (教材 P37) In my opinion，the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. 在我看来，以下品质构成了友谊的基础。 例 1 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are used for cooking.

7、 每天他确保新鲜蔬菜和高质量的食用油用于烹调。 例 2 This product looks nice，but poor in quality. 这种产品表面看起来很好，质量却很差。 造句 我们的产品质量好。 3/9 Our products are of high/good/top quality. 归纳拓展 (1)quality n 质量；品质；品德 of high/good/top quality 质量高 of low/bad/poor quality 质量差 (2)quantity n. 数量 a large quantity oflarge quantities of 许多，大量 名

8、师点津 quality 作“质量”讲时通常用作不可数名词； 而作“品质”讲时多用作可数 名词。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Wine of high quality costs more than that poor in quality. All the tractors except this are good in quality. Sometimes you wonder where your kids get their good qualities (quality) 小片段助记 Nowadays there are large quantities of people of high

9、 quality in the world， which contributes to our harmonious society. 知识要点3 respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n尊敬；敬意；重视 (教材 P37) I must respect and support the choices he makes. 我必须尊重和支持他的选择。 例 1 Everyone has a right to be treated with respect. 人人有权受到尊重。 例 2 I have the greatest respect for your brother. 我非常尊敬你的哥哥。 造句

10、他根本不尊重她的感受。 He has no respect for her feelings. 归纳拓展 (1)respect sb./sth. 尊敬某人/某物 respect sb.as. 尊敬某人为 4/9 respect sb.for. 因而尊敬某人 (2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 out of respect 出于尊重 send/give ones respects to sb. 代某人向某人致敬/问候 in this respect 在这方面 即学即练 单句语法填空 Please give my respects(respect) to your

11、parents. I want him to respect me as a career woman. We should show respect for our parents. 知识要点4 bring out 使显现，使表现出 (教材 P37) To me，a good friend brings out the best in a person. 对我来说，好朋友能激发出一个人最好的一面。 例 1 Next month they will bring out a new edition of the book. 下个月他们将出版这本书的一个新版本。 例 2 The band have

12、 just brought out their second album. 这个乐队刚刚推出了他们的第二张专辑。 造句 那件衣服果真能衬托出你眼睛的颜色。 That dress really brings out the colour of your eyes. 归纳拓展 bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring in 引进；获利；赚钱 bring about 引起；导致 bring down 使倒下；减少；降低(价格、温度等) 即学即练 单句语法填空 His new suggestion was brought(bring) up at the meeting yester

13、day. Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace. We need to bring in a lot more new business. 知识要点5 benefit n优势，益处；成效 vt.使受益；vi.得益于 (教材 P39) As we live in social groups，there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. 5/9 由于我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受友谊的许多好处。 例 1 China has been pushing

14、 the reform for the benefit of all its citizens. 中国一直在为了全体公民的利益而推行改革。 例 2 The sea air will benefit you. 海边的空气对你有益。 造句 阅读使我受益匪浅。 I have benefited a lot from reading. 归纳拓展 (1)for the benefit of 为的利益 be of benefit to 对有益 (2)benefit from/by. 从受益；得益于 benefit sb. 对某人有益 (3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的 be be

15、neficial to 对有益；对有利 即学即练 单句语法填空 He considered that the change would be beneficial(benefit) to her health. Reading more books is of great benefit to children. A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method. For the benefit of those people who arrived late，Ill just go over the pl

16、an again. 知识要点6 comfort n舒适；安慰 vt.宽慰；抚慰 (教材 P39) Generally speaking， close friendships have three “fruits” ： they may comfort the heart，. 一般来说，亲密的友谊产生三个“成果”：它们可以安慰心灵 例 1 The man is working hard to make his family live in comfort. 为了使家人舒适地生活，这个人拼命地干活。 例 2 My parents often comfort me with some inspiri

17、ng words. 我的父母经常用一些令人鼓舞的话安慰我。 造句 得知他们都很安全，对我来说是个安慰。 It is a comfort to me to know that they are all safe. 6/9 归纳拓展 (1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰 Its a comfort to do sth. 做是令人安慰的事。 (2)comfort sb.give comfort to sb. 安慰某人 (3)comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的 (4)comfortably adv. 舒适地 名师点津 co

18、mfort 作“舒适；安慰”讲时，为不可数名词，但作“令人安慰的人或事 物”讲时， 则是可数名词， 前面常出现不定冠词 a。 类似的还有： success， failure， surprise，joy 等。 即学即练 单句语法填空 He had to save enough money so that he could live comfortably(comfortable) Were it not for science，we could not live a comfortable(comfort) life. My mom always comforts(comfort) me whe

19、n I am sick. A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort. 知识要点7 take on 呈现，具有 (教材 P39) Here，friendship has a double advantagehappiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! 在这里，友谊有双重优势幸福有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半！ 例 1 No other organization was able or willing to take

20、on the job. 没有任何其他组织能够或愿意承担这项工作。 例 2 He has taken on some bad habits. 他有一些坏习惯。 造句 这家老厂换了新面貌。 This old factory has taken on a new look. 归纳拓展 take off 脱(衣服、鞋帽)；(飞机)起飞； (事业)起步，腾飞 7/9 take in 吸引；欺骗；包括；理解 take over 接收；接管 take up 占据；继续；拿起；从事 take down 拆除；取下；写下，记下 即学即练 单句语法填空 I heard that the club took in

21、a new member last week. Take off your coat because it is hot here. Im going to take over the company one day. I wont take up much of your time. 知识要点8 admire vt.钦佩，欣赏 (教材 P41) They admired each other and quickly became friends. 他们互相欣赏，很快就成了朋友。 例 1 He is admired for his good knowledge of French. 他因精通法

22、语而受到推崇。 例 2 We took time to stop and admire the view. 我们特意停下来欣赏风景。 造句 我很钦佩你。 I admire you very much. 归纳拓展 (1)admire vt. 钦佩；赞美，羡慕 admire sb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事钦佩某人 (2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞赏 admiration for sb./sth. 赞赏某人/某物 with/in admiration 钦佩地 (3)admirable adj. 令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞美的 即学即练 单句语法填空 I have gr

23、eat admiration (admire) for her as a writer. The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. This essay is admirable(admire) in all respects. I dont agree with her，but I admire her for sticking(stick) to her view. 8/9 间接信息题 细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关 系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进

24、行推 理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出 准确的推断。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)， imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(作出结论)和 assume(假定，设想)。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： 1It can be inferred/concluded from the text that _ 2What can we infer/learn from.? 3We can learn from the passage that _ 4The passage/story.ind

25、icates/suggests/implies that _ 典例 Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter- gatherers，small，tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent o

26、f each other.Some language experts believe that 10， 000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million people， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them. 解题技巧关键词句细推敲 第一步：定位细节根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息(关 键词语)。 第二步：揣摩细节对原文中的信息进行分析，推理判断，利用逆向思维 和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。 注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结

27、论。 2.切勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断。 What can we infer about languages in hunter- gatherer times? AThey developed very fast. BThey were large in number. CThey had similar patterns. 9/9 DThey were closely connected. 答案 B 分析 细节推理判断题。根据最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just

28、five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前， 当世界上只有 500 万到 1 000 万人时，他们之间可能说 12 000 种语言。由此可推 断，狩猎采集时期的语言种类很多。故选 B。 练习 请快速确定下面这段文字的细节推理判断题的答案 My hip had been hurting me for years before I went to the doctor.Of course，it was free.She referred me to a s

29、urgeon，but the earliest appointment was in 10 months.That is what being free gets you.Ten months later， after some free Xrays， the surgeon told me I needed a surgery，which was about an 18month wait，for some senior citizens had been on the operation list.Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the

30、 surgeons office. What can we infer from the paragraph? AShe felt rather disappointed. BShe couldnt walk because of the pain. CShe was too scared to have the surgery. DShe didnt believe what the surgeon said. A 细节推理判断题。根据第三句“She referred me to a surgeon，but the earliest appointment was in 10 months.”和最后两句“Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeons office.”可知， 作者要免费做髋关节置换手术需要等待很 长时间，作者慢吞吞地走出外科门诊。因此推断她感到非常失望。故选 A。