(2021新版)牛津译林版必修二英语定语从句专题辅导教案+学案.docx

1、 高一定语从句专题高一定语从句专题（教案）（教案） 讲知识讲知识 知识点一知识点一定语从句的定语从句的定义和分类定义和分类 定语定语：修饰限定名词和代词的成分修饰限定名词和代词的成分 a beautiful flower something important a girl in red a man standing under the tree 定语从句定语从句：复合句中，修饰、限定前面名词和代词的从句，相当于一个形容词，在句子中起定语作用复合句中，修饰、限定前面名词和代词的从句，相当于一个形容词，在句子中起定语作用 I knew a new friend . He is a doctor.

2、 I knew a new friend who is a doctor. 类型 关系 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 从句与先行词之间没有逗号 从句与主句密不可分，如省去，主 句的意义就不完整 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 有逗号隔开，关系词不用 that 只起补充说明的作用，省略也不影 响主句意义的完整 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. 一、一、定语从句的构成定语从句的构成 This is the best fil

3、m that I have seen. 先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词又分为关系代词与关系副词 关系代词：关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why 二、二、关系代词关系代词 作用：作用：引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语 代指人：who，whom，that，whose 代指物：that，which，whose 关系词通常有下列三个作用：关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 1. who 指

4、人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom 指人指人,作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) The man whom/who I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. 3. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,

5、如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. This recorder which he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library which you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books? 4. that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） ，且只用在限制性定语从句中。作宾语可省略） ，且只用在限制性定语从句中。 A plan

6、e is a machine that can fly. He is the man that/who/whom I told you about. 5. whose 在定从中作定语，表所属关系，翻译为在定从中作定语，表所属关系，翻译为“他的他的/她的她的/它的它的”，用来代替，用来代替 his，her，their，its. whose 指人也指物指人也指物 指物时指物时 = of which 指人时指人时 = of whom This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. T

7、his is the book the cover of which is blue. Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq. Do you know the girl of whom the father died in Iraq. Do you know the girl the father of whom died in Iraq. 只用只用 that 不用不用 which 的情况的情况 当先行词是当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等等不定代词不定代词时， 或者是由时， 或者是由ev

8、ery, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时等，这时的等修饰时等，这时的 that 常被省略。常被省略。 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时或先行词就是序数词或最高级时. 以及先行词中既有人又有物时以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有还有句中前面有 which 或或 who 时时,都只能用都只能用 that 当先行词被当先行词被 the only，the very 修饰时表示强调修饰时表示强调 两个定语从句中一个已用两个定语从句中一个已用 which 时，另一个用

9、时，另一个用 that 只用只用 which 不用不用 that 的情况：的情况： 介词后介词后 用于非限制定语从句中用于非限制定语从句中 which 可指代前面讲到的整件事。可指代前面讲到的整件事。 只用只用 who 不用不用 that 的情况：的情况： 先行词是指人的不定代词先行词是指人的不定代词 anyone 等或等或 those way 后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：in which 或或 that 或或 作状语：作状语：in which 或或 that 或或 注意点：注意点： 作主宾表：作主宾表：that 或或 三、关系副词三、关系副

10、词 1.when 在从句中作时间状语，相当于介词在从句中作时间状语，相当于介词+关系代词（关系代词（which） Ill never forget the day when I joined the army. when=on which(=on the day) 先行词是时间时，并非都用先行词是时间时，并非都用 when 引导从句来修饰，试比较：引导从句来修饰，试比较： 2.where 在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词。相当于介词在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词。相当于介词+关系代词（关系代词（which） This is the house where I li

11、ved two years ago. where =in which(=in the house) 先行词是地点时，并非都用先行词是地点时，并非都用 where 引导从句来修饰，试比较：引导从句来修饰，试比较： 需掌握的由需掌握的由 where 引导的特殊定语从句引导的特殊定语从句 类似的先行词有：类似的先行词有：case(情况情况) ,situation(情形情形), point(程度程度), stage(阶段阶段) 3.why 在从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是在从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是 reason 相当于相当于“介词介词 for+ 关系代词（关系代词（which） Do you k

12、now the reason why she was late. why=for which(=for the reason) 先行词是先行词是 the reason 时并非都用时并非都用 why 介词介词+关系代词关系代词 .根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 Thats the newspaper for which I write articles. .根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配， Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure

13、. .根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯， 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 注意：注意： 介词介词+关系代词关系代词 中关系代词只能用中关系代词只能用 which 或或 whom; 不可用不可用 that 或或 who 代替代替. 知识点知识点二二 定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区分定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区分 定语从句中的解题步骤： （1）划分主语与从句 （2）判断从句是否为定语从句 1. 在主句中寻找有可能成为先行词的成分（名词或名词词组、代词、整个句子） 若无，则此从句不是定语从句。 2. 判

14、断“先行词”与定语从句是否为修饰关系（限制性）或者附加解释说明关系（非限制性） 若不是，则此从句不是定语从句。 （3）判断定语从句应该使用关系代词 or 关系副词 判断标准：看定语从句是否完整，是否缺成分（此处的成分仅指主谓或者主谓宾） 缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词。 （4）根据关系代词或关系副词各自的用法判定答案 （5）代入验证 关系代词和关系副词的选择 练题目练题目 1. This is one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. This is the very one of the most interesting

15、films _ shown last week. A. which was B. that was C. which were D. that were 2. He has two sons, _ are college students. He has two sons, and _ are college students. He has two sons, _being college students. A. both of which B. both of whom C. both of them D. both of it Keys: 1. D B 2. B C C 3. He s

16、till lives in the room _ window faces to the east. He still lives in the room, the window _ faces to the east. He still lives in the room _ is on the third floor. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table. A. which B. whose C. where D. of which 4. _ leaves the room last ought to turn o

17、ff the lights. _ who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. _ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. Who C. Those D. Whoever Keys: 3. B D A C 4. D A C 5. _ we all know, China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources

18、. _ is well-known is that China is rich in natural resources. China is rich in natural resources，_ is well-known _ China is rich in natural resources is well-known 高一定语从句专题高一定语从句专题（学案）（学案） 讲知识讲知识 知识点一知识点一定语从句的定语从句的定义和分类定义和分类 定语定语：修饰限定名词和代词的成分修饰限定名词和代词的成分 a beautiful flower something important a girl

19、 in red a man standing under the tree 定语从句定语从句：复合句中，修饰、限定前面名词和代词的从句，相当于一个形容词，在句子中起定语作用复合句中，修饰、限定前面名词和代词的从句，相当于一个形容词，在句子中起定语作用 I knew a new friend . He is a doctor. I knew a new friend who is a doctor. 类型 关系 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 从句与先行词之间没有逗号 从句与主句密不可分，如省去，主 句的意义就不完整 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 有逗号隔开，关系词不用 that 只起补充说明

20、的作用，省略也不影 响主句意义的完整 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. 一、一、定语从句的构成定语从句的构成 This is the best film that I have seen. 先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词又分为关系代词与关系副词 关系代词：关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why 二、二、关系代词关系代词