(2021新版)牛津译林版必修二英语Unit 2 突破语法大冲关 同步讲解.doc

1、1/5 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在进行时态的被动语态 观察思考 We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you. I wonder what is being done to help you. So good things are being done here to save local wildlife. A project about protecting the natural resour

2、ces is being designed. 归纳用法 (一)形式 肯定式 主语be(am，is，are)beingdone 否定式 主语be(am，is，are)notbeingdone 一般疑问式 be(am，is，are)主语beingdone 特殊疑问式 疑问词be(am，is，are)主语beingdone (二)用法 1表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。 She is being examined by a doctor. 她正在接受医生的检查。 2表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作在此时此刻不一定发生。 A new station is being built. 一个新的车站正在建

3、设中。 3表示经常性的被动行为，常与 always，constantly 等词连用。 He is always being praised by the teacher. 他总是被老师表扬。 4与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。 He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment. 此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。 2/5 注意事项 1不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的 动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。 2一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如 have，want，need

4、， like，realize 等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态 表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。 3“bein/on/under 等名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 即学即练 1 用所给词的适当形式填空 We cant use our classroom，for it is being painted (paint) now. I dont suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase. Well ， surprisingly she does.Tom has been called and i

5、s being questioned(question) now. Kevin is happy because he is being praised(praise) by the teacher in class now. No decision will be made (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. 二、现在完成时态的被动语态 观察思考 He has been admitted to the club. Toms novel has not been

6、published. Has his bike been repaired? Who has been invited? Over time he has been changed quite a lot. 归纳用法 (一)形式 肯定式 主语have/has been done. 否定式 主语have/has not been done. 一般疑问式 Have/Has主语been done.？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词have/has主语been done.？ (二)用法 1表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影 3/5 响或产生的结果，通常与 already，yet，nev

7、er，recently 等副词及时间状语 so far， by now，up till now，since 等连用。 The room has already been cleaned. 这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了) 2表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下 去， 常与 for 或 since 等引出的时间状语(从句)连用， 或用于 how long 引出的句子 中。 The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已经被修两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修) 3用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完

8、成的动作。 You shouldnt leave school before your homework has been finished. 在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。 注意事项 1与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作 或状态与现在的情况没有联系， 而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有 联系。 The park was opened to the public last year. 去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去) The park has been opened to the public. 这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但

9、对现在有影响，即现在 公园已经开放了) 2非延续性动词，如 borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 若要表达相应 的意思，则要改换动词或时态。 The work was finished two weeks ago. 这项工作在两周前完成的。 The work has been finished. 这项工作已经完成。 3短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的 介词或副词不可省略。 4/5 It is said that the problem has been

10、 looked into. 据说已经调查这个问题了。 4只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语 态的主语。 We have built many houses in the past ten years. Many houses have been built in the past ten years. 5带有双宾语的动词，如 give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make， sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise 等，变为被动语态时， 可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。

11、 We have given him the book. He has been given the book. The book has been given to him. 6带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾 补改为主语补足语。原来省略 to 的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带 to 的不 定式。 I have told them to help you. They have been told to help you. 即学即练 2 把下列句子变为被动语态 This company has produced new types of computers. N

12、ew types of computers have been produced. Mum has not given me some money when I came back to school. I have not been given some money when I came back to school. Some money has not been given to me when I came back to school. Has the little girl asked you to help her with her English? Have you been

13、 asked to help the little girl with her English? His father has made him work hard. He has been made to work hard by his father. We have made use of all of our time. All of our time has been made use of. 5/5 .单句语法填空 1The plan to explore the South Pole is being made(make) these days. 2Every possible

14、means has been tried(try) to stop the bad behaviour，but they dont work at all. 3Because of bad scores，Jimmy may be being beaten (beat) by his father at the very moment. 4When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what has been marked(mark) 5Great changes have taken(take) place in my hometo

15、wn since 2000. 6When I reached the station，the tickets had been sold(sell) out. 7The little boy has made rapid progress recently and has been praised (praise) several times by his teachers. 8The question about where the factory is going to be built is being discussed(discuss) now. 9Over the past ten

16、 years，this town has been hit(hit) twice by earthquakes. 10Will the lecture be held at 4 oclock this afternoon? No.It has been put(put) off till tomorrow afternoon. .短文语法填空 A university student who recently 1.has been charged (charge) with stealing 2.is seeking(seek) professional help after being co

17、nvicted of(证明有罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months. Luz，who 3.lives(live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road，Cambridge， 4.admitted(admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street， London，on March 9. Philip Lomoyne，prosecuting(起诉)，said Luz selected some clothes from a display and 5.took(take) them to the ladies toilet in the store.When she came out again she 6.was wearing(wear) one of the skirts she 7.had selected(select)，having taken off the anti- theft security alarm(安全防盗报警)Recently she 8.has been caught(catch) and apologized for her actions.