（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语Unit2 单词解析.docx

1、M3 U2 语言点语言点 1. injure v.(尤指在事故中)伤害，使受伤;损害，伤害(名誉、自尊等) 第三人称单数： injures 现在分词： injuring 过去式： injured 过去分词： injured He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受伤。 Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。 This could seriously injure the companys reputation. 这会严重损害公司的声誉 2.

2、 signal These are all words for an event, action or fact that shows that sth exists, is happening or may happen in the future. 以上各词均指迹象、征兆、预兆。 sign an event, action or fact that shows that sth exists, is happening or may happen in the future 指迹象、征兆、预兆： Headaches may be a sign of stress. 头痛可能是紧张的迹象。

3、indication ( rather formal ) a remark or sign that shows that sth is happening or what sb is thinking or feeling 指标示、象征： They gave no indication as to how the work should be done. 他们根本没说明这项工作该怎样做。 symptom a change in your body or mind that shows that you are not healthy; a sign that sth exists, espe

4、cially sth bad 指症状、征候、征兆： Symptoms include a sore throat. 症状包括嗓子疼。 The rise in inflation was just one symptom of the poor state of the economy. 通胀上升不过是经济不景气的一个征候。 symbol a person, object or event that represents a more general quality or situation 指象征： The dove is a universal symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的

5、共同象征。 indicator ( rather formal ) a sign that shows you what sth is like or how a situation is changing 指指示信号、标志、迹象： the economic indicators 经济指标 signal an event, action or fact that shows that sth exists, is happening or may happen in the future 指标志、预示、信号： Chest pains can be a warning signal of hea

6、rt problems. 胸部疼痛可能是心脏病的报警信号。 常用搭配常用搭配 a(n) sign / indication / symptom / symbol / indicator / signal of sth a(n) sign / indication / indicator / signal that a(n) clear / definite / distinct / obvious sign / indication / symptom / indicator / signal an early sign / indication / symptom / indicator /

7、 signal an outward sign / indication / symptom / symbol to give a(n) sign / indication / signal A sign / symbol means sth. All the signs / indications are / point to 3. Confirm v.(尤指提供证据来)证实，证明;使感觉更强烈;使确信;批准(职位、协议等);确认;认可 Rumours of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来得到了证实。 His guilty expressio

8、n confirmed my suspicions. 他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。 Please write to confirm your reservation (= say that it is definite) . 预订后请来函确认。 V (that) Has everyone confirmed (that) theyre coming? 他们是不是每个人都肯定过一定会来？ V wh- Can you confirm what happened? 你能证实一下发生了什么事吗？ VN that It has been confirmed that the meeting will t

9、ake place next week. 已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。 4. Occur verb (-rr-) 1 V (formal) 发生；出现 to happen When exactly did the incident occur? 这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？ Something unexpected occurred. 发生了一件出乎意料的事。 2 V + adv./prep. 存在于；出现在 to exist or be found somewhere Sugar occurs naturally in fruit. 水果天然含糖分。 短语动词 occur to sb (

10、of an idea or a thought 观念或想法) 被想到；出现在头脑中 to come into your mind The idea occurred to him in a dream. 这个主意是他在梦中想到的。 + that It didnt occur to him that his wife was having an affair. 他没有想到自己的妻子有婚外情。 + to inf It didnt occur to her to ask for help. 她没想到请别人帮忙。 5. Insist verb (on sth) 1 坚决要求；坚持 to demand

11、that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth V I didnt really want to go but he insisted. 我并不真的想去，但他硬要我去。 Please come with us. Very well then, if you insist . “请和我们一起来吧。”“那也好，你一定要我去，我就去。” (formal) She insisted on his/him wearing a suit. 她坚持要他穿西装。 V that He insists that she come. 他执意要她来。 (BrE also) H

12、e insists that she should come. 他执意要她来。 note at demand 2 坚持说；固执己见 to say firmly that sth is true, especially when other people do not believe you V He insisted on his innocence. 他坚持说他是无辜的。 V (that) He insisted (that) he was innocent. 他坚持说他是无辜的。 also V speech 6. Relief noun 焦虑 / 痛苦的消除 removal of anxi

13、ety/pain 1 U, sing. （不快过后的）宽慰，轻松；解脱 the feeling of happiness that you have when sth unpleasant stops or does not happen a sense of relief 解脱感 We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left. 他走了以后，我们大家都如释重负地松了口气。 She sighed with relief. 她松了口气。 Much to my relief the car was not damaged. 令我非常庆幸的是车并没有损坏。

14、 News of their safety came as a great relief. 他们平安的消息给大家带来了巨大的安慰。 It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。 What a relief ! 可轻松了！ 2 U (from/of sth) （焦虑、痛苦等的）减轻，消除，缓和 the act of removing or reducing pain, anxiety, etc. modern methods of pain relief 消除疼痛的新办法 the relief

15、of suffering 痛苦的消除 帮助 help 3 U （给灾区或交战地区人民提供的）救济，救援物品 food, money, medicine, etc. that is given to help people in places where there has been a war or natural disaster 同义词： aid famine relief 饥荒救济物资 a relief agency/organization/worker 救助机构 / 组织 / 工作者 4 U (especially NAmE) 救济金 financial help given by

16、the government to people who need it 税收 on tax 5 U = tax relief relief on mortgage interest payments 支付按揭利息的税收减免 变化 sth different 6 U, sing. (from sth) （暂时替代单调乏味事物的）调剂，轻松场面 something that is interesting or enjoyable that replaces sth boring, difficult or unpleasant for a short period of time a few m

17、oments of light relief in an otherwise dull performance 沉闷的表演中几处轻松的情节 There was little comic relief in his speech. 他的演讲少有轻松幽默的地方。 The calm of the countryside came as a welcome relief from the hustle and bustle of city life. 离开喧嚣忙碌的城市生活，来到宁静的乡村，是一种令人愉快的调剂。 工人 workers 7 C + sing./pl. v. (often used as

18、 an adjective 常用作形容词) 替班者；接替人；换班者 a person or group of people that replaces another when they have finished working for the day or when they are sick The next crew relief comes on duty at 9 oclock. 下一批换班的员工 9 点钟接班。 relief drivers 换班的司机 从敌人手中 from enemy 8 sing. of （被困城镇等的）解困，解围 the act of freeing a t

19、own, etc. from an enemy army that has surrounded it 艺术 in art 9 U, C 浮雕；浮雕法；浮雕作品 a way of decorating wood, stone, etc. by cutting designs into the surface of it so that some parts stick out more than others; a design that is made in this way The column was decorated in high relief (= with designs th

20、at stick out a lot) with scenes from Greek mythology. 柱子上饰有描述希腊神话中的场面的高浮雕。 The bronze doors are covered with sculpted reliefs. 青铜门上覆有浮雕。 使醒目 making sth noticeable 10 U （光和色彩等产生的）醒目效果；醒目；光彩夺目 the effect of colours, light, etc. that makes an object more noticeable than others around it The snow-capped mountain stood out in sharp relief against the blue sky. 白雪覆盖的高山在蓝天的映衬下格外醒目。 11 U 突出的品质；令人注目的特征 the quality of a particular situation, problem, etc. that makes it more noticeable than before Their differences have been thrown into sharp relief by the present crisis. 目前的危机使得他们的分歧更加引人注目。