（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语Unit2 Natural disasters 非谓语动词-不定式学案.doc

1、1 Topic Grammar ：To-infinitive Learning aims 1. To grasp the basic and special uses of to-infinitive 2. To learn to use it in real situation. Important and difficult points： How to use them in all kinds of exercises Teaching methods Discovery learning , task-based learning Teaching procedures Supple

2、ment ary contents Step1:Presentation 1.To talk to a friend openly and sincerely when something unpleasant happens is very important. 2. It is a pleasure for me to study in NO 1 Middle school. 3. It is necessary for us to make some good friends. 4. He refused to offer this school money and books. 5.

3、We think it important to master a foreign language. 6. Our class teacher made it a rule that we should get to the classroom before 6 oclock. 7. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult. 8. What he wants to do most is to take part in Shanghai Expo. 9. He i

4、nvited me to give a speech on Chinese history. 10. She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 11. Zhang Xiang is always the first to come and the last to leave. 12.Vinny is the first disabled person to sail around the world. 13. We are very sad to hear the bad news. 14. She felt disappointed to h

5、ear the news that she hadnt been promoted. 15. He opened the door only to find two strangers outside. 16. He lifted the stone only to hit his feet. 17. My dad arranged some swimming lessons to surprise me. 18. To get there on time, I took a taxi instead of a bus. 19. To tell you the truth, he is lyi

6、ng. 20.The day was dark. .To make matter worse, I lost my way. Step2 Explanation:I. 动词不定式的构成动词不定式的构成 动词不定式是由 “ to + 动词原形” 构成主动式有： 一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式； 被动式有： 一般式、进行式和完成式。 II. 动词不定式用法要点讲解动词不定式用法要点讲解 一一不定式不定式做主语做主语 1. 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用_。 (1)把不定式置于_。如： a) To get there by bike will take us half an hour.

7、b) Never to make mistakes is impossible. (2)用 it 作形式主语 Itbe名词名词to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. It takes sb + some time + to do How long did it take you to finish the work? Itbe形容形容词词for sbto do (difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary) It is difficult for us to finis

8、h writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. 2 Itbe形容词形容词of sbto do (careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right silly, stupid ,wise) It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. =_ _ _ to write down everything the teacher says. It seems(appears)形容词to do

9、It seemed impossible to save money. 二二. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。 巧记：希望想要做决定，假装同意和答应，碰巧没能安排好，决心准备再提供，设法学会拒绝。 _ I decided to ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. it 做形式宾语 SVitn/adj +(for sb)to do 动词_ a) We _ (认为学习一门外语很重要)a foreign language

10、 well. b) He feels _(这是他的责任)to help the poor. 介词 but, except, besides + to do/do (有 do 无 to，无 do 有 to) The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. 三、三、不定式不定式做表语做表语 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My chief purpose is to

11、point out the difficulties of the matter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. 四、四、不定式不定式作定语作定语 不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： The next train to arrive is from Washington. (to arrive=that will arrive) “Do you have anything _(take) to your sister?”，mother asked. Do you have anything _(take) to

12、 your sister? Do you have anything _(say) on the question? 判断正误Would you please give me some paper to write? ( ) There is nothing to worry.( ) 他总是第一个来，最后一个走。_. The last one_ pays the meal. Agreed. A arrived B arrives C to arrive D arriving 五、不定式作宾语补足语五、不定式作宾语补足语 (1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有：allow, ask, advise,

13、beg, cause, drive（强迫），encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like (love, hate), order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish ask for, care for, call on, count on, depend on, wait for, long for（渴望），prepare for, wish for 等。 Would you like me to give your regards to Mary? 不允许你在此吸烟。_ (2)

14、一些动词后加 to beadj/n， to be 可省略， 如： believe, consider, discover, find(=consider),feel(=think), imagine, judge, know, prove, suppose, admit We all believe John(to be)honest. I consider _(认为他是最好的老师) of No. 1 Middle School. 六、不定式作状语六、不定式作状语 作目的状语作目的状语 in order to / so as to do Henry has decided to go to t

15、he hospital to be examined by the doctor. I stayed there so that (in order that)I could see what would happen. 3 作结果状语作结果状语 eg, We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. soas to; suchas to eg, Im not so stupid(a fool) as to put it in writing. = Im not such _ put it in writing.

16、 only to/ never to Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. tooto Im too tired to stay up longer. 翻译： Im only too glad to have passed the exam. We have too much to learn. 他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。_. 不定式短语作独立成分不定式短语作独立成分 eg, To tell the truth, the play was a great disappointment tome. 常见的短

17、语有 to be exact（确切地说），（确切地说），to begin with（首先），（首先），to be sure（真的）（真的）等。 七、动词不定式的其它用法七、动词不定式的其它用法 疑问词疑问词 (who, what, which, when, where, whether, how)不定式结构不定式结构 When to leave for London has not been decided yet. Mr. Smith didnt know whether to leave or stay there. 她用仅有的钱给丈夫买了圣诞礼物。 She had the only mo

18、ney _ _ _ _ a Christmas present for her husband. 动词不定式的时态、语态动词不定式的时态、语态 1)时态 一般式 a) I hope to become a university student this year. 完成式： 表示的动作发生在 谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 如： a) Im sorry to have kept you waiting. b)We are too young to have seen the old society. c) The building is said _( 已经被拆毁了)to make room fo

19、r the highway. 进行式：表示的动作与谓 语动词同时发生。如： a) The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in. b) 他们现在似乎相处很融洽。_. c) These years he seems _(一直在欺骗我) (2)语态 a) Its a great honour to be invited to Marys birthday party. b) He went to the hospital to _(检查). c) The book is said to _(已经被翻译成)into s

20、everal languages. 3.不定式的省略 1. had better, would rather, cannot help but, cannot do, might as well , do nothing but/except + do sth 1) 他们宁死不屈。_. 2) 他什么也不做只是抱怨。_. 3）There was nothing for me to do except_(wait) till the meeting was over. 4) Who would you rather _ post the letter? 语态 时态 主动 被动 一般式 to do

21、to be done 进形式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行时 to have been doing 4 A to have B having C had D have 2.感官动词_ 使役动词_ + do 1) I had the student tall enough _(reach) the books on the shelf. 2) In the past, workers were made_ (work) more than ten hours a day. 3) The little girl was li

22、stened to _(sing) a song next room. 3.做表语的不定式 to 可省略 1) What I want to do is (to) lie down and have a good rest. 2) The best thing to do is _(听录音，一有机会就练习说) 4.不定式 to 的保留 有时为了避免重复，可以用 to 代替前面的不定式，常见于下列动词后：expect, hope, wish, mean, prefer, forget, want, try, be glad/happy, would like/love 等。如果在不定式结构中有

23、be, have, have been， 这些词应保留。 1) I havent been to HK, but I wish to. 2) -Are you on holiday? - No, but Id like to be. 3) -I didnt tell him the news. - Oh, you ought to have./ he ought to have been. Step 3:Consolidation Finish the sentences. 1) _(说实话)，I dont know_(如何相处) with my classmates. 2) Dont _(不

24、要犹豫向我求助) when you _.(陷入困难) 3) Because the air pollution has been greatly reduced, the city is still _.(一个居 住的好地方) 4)_(为了通过考试)， you must limit the time_(你花在 上网的) 5) The key to_(解决此问题) is _ (满足要求) made by the customers. 6) What we can do is _( 使 他 意 识 到 ) that he should study harder _(实现他的梦想) 翻译： 1.满嘴食物大声说话是没有礼貌的。( talk with ones mouth full) _ 2. 朋友处于困境中背叛我们的朋友是可耻的。 _ 3. 通过手机和朋友取得联系是很方便的。 _ 4. 得到友谊是容易的但维持是很难的。 _ 5. 你犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误真是太粗心了。 _ 6. 朋友有难时袖手旁观是可耻的。 _ 7. 感谢你给了我这样一个机会在这次会议上发言。 _ 8. 这个囚犯试图逃跑但失败了。 _ Summary and reflection: