（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语Unit 4 突破语法大冲关 学案.doc

1、1 动词- ed 形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 观察例句 写出下列句中动词- ed 形式的作用 We should drink boiled water. 前置定语 A water and soil conservation project set up in 1989 resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.后置定语 Seen from the moon， the earth， with water covering about 70% of its surface， appears to be a blue

2、 ball.时间状语 Frightened by the thunder and lightning in the night，the girl did not dare to sleep alone in her room.原因状语 Given another chance，he will do it better.条件状语 The boy sat at the table buried in his homework.伴随状语 We need to get the machine repaired at once as we want to use it in our experiment

3、 tomorrow.宾语补足语 With all the work done，we went to play basketball. 宾语补足语 归纳用法 一、作定语 及物动词的- ed 形式通常表示被动和完成意义； 不及物动词的- ed 形式仅仅表 示完成。 1前置定语：单个的动词的- ed 形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 He is a respected teacher in our school. 在我们学校他是一位受尊敬的老师。 2后置定语：动词的- ed 形式短语作定语通常要置于被修饰的名词之后。 This is a letter written in blue ink. 这

4、是一封用蓝墨水写的信。 名师点津 (1)如果被修饰词是由some/any/nothing/body/one构成的不定代词或指示代 2 词 those 等时，即使是单个的动词的- ed 形式作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。 There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago. 自从我两年前离开这个镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。 (2)有时为了强调还可将单个的动词的- ed 形式置于被修饰的名词之后。 They decided to change the material used. 他们决定改变所用的材料。 (3)动词

5、的- ed 形式及其短语作定语时，一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。 The experience gained(which/that has been gained)will be of great value to us. 获得的经验将对我们很有价值。 The suggestion sent to the committee(which/that had been sent to the committee)was adopted. 呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。 即学即练 1 单句语法填空 Because of pollution，the caught(catch)fish were not

6、fit to eat. Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend)with his students. The book, written(write)by Lu Xun，is popular with many Chinese people. Do you remember the problems discussed(discuss)at the last meeting? 二、作状语 动词- ed 形式作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，与主语是被动关系。动词 - ed 形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条

7、件等，有时可带有连词。 1作时间状语。 When offered help，one often says“Thank you”or“Its kind of you” 当被提供帮助时，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。 2作原因状语。 Praised in class，Anne felt happy. 在课堂上受到了表扬，安妮感到高兴。 3作条件状语。 If taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effects. 3 如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。 4作伴随状语。 The teacher came into the la

8、b，followed by some students. 老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。 名师点津 动词ed 形式作时间、原因和条件状语时均可以转换成相应的 状语从句。 即学即练 2 单句语法填空 Raised(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to become a football star. Approached(approach)in this way，your friendship will soon be repaired. The lady returned home, followed(

9、follow)by Holmes. 三、作宾语补足语 作宾补的多是及物动词的- ed 形式，说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构 成复合宾语，前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语。 1以下两类动词后可接动词的- ed 形式作宾补： (1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel， notice，think 等。 I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。 He found his purse lost. 他发现他的钱包丢了。 (2)表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have，make，get 等。 Ill

10、have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 2动词的- ed 形式作宾补表示的意义。 (1)表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作。如例句，lost 表示 的动作显然先于谓语动词 found。 (2)表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 如例句及中 cut my hair 4 和 pull out his tooth 是动宾关系。 名师点津 1.使役动词 have 接动词的- ed 形式作宾补，还有两种情况： (1)动词的- ed 形式所表示的动作由他人完成。 H

11、e had his money stolen. 他的钱被偷了。(被别人偷去了) (2)动词的- ed 形式表示句子主语的经历。 He had his leg broken. 他的腿断了。(句子主语的经历) 2在 with/without 复合结构中也可用动词的- ed 形式作宾补。 With this sum added，we will have enough money for the trip. 如果加上这笔金额，我们这次旅行的钱就够了。 即学即练 3 完成句子 村民们那时种了很多树。 The villagers had many trees planted then. 无论多累，我必须把

12、这份工作干完 However tired I am，I must get the work finished 她依然不能用英语表达出自己的意思。 She still couldnt make herself understood in English. 她看见小偷被警察抓住了。 She saw the thief caught by policemen. .单句语法填空 1The man stood outside the house silently, moved(move)to tears. 2 Caught(catch)in a heavy rain， the new manager m

13、issed the important meeting. 3Attracted(attract)by a particular article in a magazine，she bought it. 4 The speaker asked them to find the balloons that had their name written(write)on within five minutes. 5He felt his collar pulled (pull)by someone from behind. 6Founded(found)on love and mutual resp

14、ect，their marriage is a happy one. 7It is a large city surrounded(surround)by mountains and the climate is nice. 5 8Influenced(influence)mainly by Joy，most of Rileys memories are happy ones. 9These interests were increased with more time spent(spend)in the deserts of Arizona. 10Prevented(prevent)fro

15、m playing her role in Rileys emotional development， Sadness feels annoyed. .短文语法填空 Tony：If my pet dies，I wont clone it.Even if the 1.cloned (clone)pet looks the same as the original one，it wont behave in the same way.Besides，it wont remember me.I think cloning 2.done(do)by scientists is dangerous.Th

16、e problems 3.created(create)by cloning will soon become clear.I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when 4.making(make)decisions about cloning.We wont want beasts 5.produced(produce)by scientists to replace us one day. Brian：I think cloning pets is a great idea.I feel so 6.excited (exc

17、ite).Families with pets often become 7.disappointed (disappoint)when their pets die.With cloning， if your pet dies，you can have a new one that looks the same as the original pet.The technology 8.used (use)amazing.The only thing 9.needed(need)is a cell from your old pet.We will help you clone your pet！Though it costs some money，you will be 10.delighted (delight)to be with her again.