（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语unit 2 Nature Disasters Grammar andIntergrated Skill 知识点.docx

1、Unit 2 Nature disasters Grammar and usage and Integrated skill 知识点 1. hurricane /hArtkan/ n. C风 2. on its/your/the way 即将去(或来),就要去(或来) 3. shock /jok/ n. C usually sing. , U震惊，惊愕,令人震惊的事 4. block vt.堵塞，阻塞；堵住(某人的路等), 挡住(某人的视线等) 5. scare /skea(r)/vt. C供应量，储备 9. donate /daunett/ vt.捐赠,赠送 donate sth. to c

2、harities 向慈善机构捐赠某物 10. charity /tferati/ n. C慈善机构(组 织)； U慈善， 施舍； 仁爱， 宽容 11. flood /flad/ n. C,U洪水,水灾;C大量 vt.sing. 管理人员 vt. 在工作,任 职于 Our company has a staff of over one hundred. 我们公司有 100 多名员工。 In todays meeting, well welcome a new member of staff. 今天的会议上我们将要 欢迎一名新员工。 13. take notes of.记下 14. sheet /

3、jis/ n. C一张(纸)；床单,被单;金属或玻璃等，一般有四 边的)薄片 15. in detail 详细地 16. go through 通读，查阅 The downstairs of the two little houses had been entirely refashioned. 两座小房子的底层已彻底翻新过了。 17. document /dokjumant/ n. C文件,公 文;(计算机中的)文档 18. right away 立刻,马上 19. honey /hAni/n. C (爱称)亲爱的; U 蜂蜜 20. otherwise /awaiz/ adv.否则,不然;

4、除 此以外 21. curious /kjuarias/ adj.好奇的;奇特的 22. be curious to do sth.想要做某事 23. force vt.用力,强行(把移动) 24. comfort /kAmfat/ vt.安慰,抚慰,宽慰 重点单词详解 Point 1. shock 教材语境 P20：As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock. 你可以想象,这有点令人震惊。 用法详解： (1)n. C usually sing.,U震惊,惊愕,令人震惊的事 常见搭配：in (a state of) shock 震惊,吃惊 come

5、as a shock to sb.让某人吃惊 例：Hes still in a state of shock after witnessing the accident. 目睹了那场事故后,他至今 还惊魂未定。 It will give him a shock when he knows how much youve spent. 当他知道你花了多少钱时，他会大吃一惊的。 The news of my promotion came as a shock. 我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。 It was a great shock to hear that the factory would hav

6、e to be closed.听说工厂将被迫关闭，真是很震惊。 (2) n. C,U(由爆炸、地震等引起的)剧烈震动,剧烈震荡 例：The shock of the explosion could be felt up to six miles away. 爆炸引起的剧烈震荡在六英里之外都能感觉到。 (3) vt.使震惊，使惊愕 例：I was shocked to hear that he had resigned. 听到他辞职的消息,我深感意外。 联想串记：shocking adj.非常糟糕的; 人气愤的(多修饰事物) shock n.C,usually sing.,U 震惊,令人 震惊的

7、事 shocked adj.震惊的;愤慨的(多修饰人的 感受、表情、 声音等) be shocked atby. 对感到震惊/ 愤慨 、 语境串记 Point 2 power 教材语境 P20： The strong wind and heavy rain didnt scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure. 强风暴雨没有吓到我,但是停电的时候我吓坏了。 用法详解 ：(1)n. U电,电力;能量 常见搭配：power failure/cut 停电 a power plant 发电厂 wind/solar/nuc

8、lear power 风/太阳/核能 例：Parts of our town have had power cuts because of the storms. 我们镇的部分地区由于暴风雨而停电了。 Solar power is known as an ideal energy. 太阳能被视为理想的能源。 (3) n. U力量;能力；U, C,usually pl.权力 常见搭配：within ones power 在某人能力/权力范围之内 beyond/out of ones power 某人能力所不能及 例：The ship was helpless against the power

9、of the storm. 那艘船只能任凭强大的暴风雨肆虐。 As is known to all, knowledge is power. 众所周知,知识就是力量。 As your closest friend, I will do everything within my power to help you out of your trouble. 作为你最亲密的朋友,我会尽全力帮你摆脱困境。 The powers of the police must be clearly defined. 警察的职权必须明确界定。 (3) n. U控制力；政权 常见搭配：ave power over.对

10、 有控制权,能支配 have power to do sth.能够控制某事 be in power 执政(强调状态) come to power 开始掌权/执政(强调动作) 例：The aim of the activity is to give people more power over their own lives. 这项活动的目的是让人们更能主宰自己的生命。 The voters have once again shown their support for the party in power. 选民再一次对执政党表示支持。 (4) vt.驱动,推动(机器或车辆) 例：Its sa

11、id that this kind of battery could power an electric car for 600 miles on a single charge. 据说这种电池充电一次就能驱动电动汽车行驶 600 英里。 Point 3 ：run out of 教材语境 P20：Were you afraid of running out of supplies? 你是不是担心补给品用光了? 用法详解： (1)用完,耗尽(供应品) 例：My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of pet

12、rol. 在去海滩的路上,我的车因为汽油耗尽而抛锚了。 (2)从流出;从跑出 例：The wine ran out of the barrel through a hole in its bottom. 葡萄酒从桶底的一个裂口处流了出来。 归纳拓展 ：run across 偶然遇见 run out 用完，耗尽 run into 撞上;偶然遇见; 遇到(困难等) run run after 追赶，追逐 run away from.逃离;避开 辨析比较：run out of/run out/use up/give out 易混词组 区别 run out of 意为“用完，耗尽”，为及物短语动词，后

13、面要接 宾语，但一般不用于被动语态。 run out 意为“用完，耗尽”时,为不及物短语动词,后面不 可以接宾语,也不可以用于被动语态。 use up 意为“用光，用完”，为及物短语动词，后面可以 接宾语，可用于 被动语态。 give out 意为“用完，耗尽”,既可指物质上的用光，也可表 示精神方面 能量的耗尽。其主语通常为物,不用于被动语态。 例：The earths resources are being used up/are running out at an alarming rate.地球的资源正以惊人的速度被耗尽。 I need your help, for I have ru

14、n out of my money/have used up my money.我需要你的帮助，因为我已经把钱都花光了。 His strength ran out/gave out after he ran a long distance.跑完那么 长一段距离,他已筋疲力竭 用法详解： (1)n. pl.补给品,补给；U供应;C供应量,储备 常见搭配：water supply 供水 be in short supply 供应短缺 a supply of/supplies of. 的供应 supply and demand 供应与需求 Supply exceeds demand.供过于求。 De

15、mand exceeds supply.供不应求。 例：Our supplies were running out.我们的补给快用完了。 Because the supply of apples exceeds demand in the market, they have to be sold at a low price. 由于市场上苹果供过于求,它们只能低价出售了。 Ive only got a weeks supply of tablets left. 剩下的药片只够我一周的量了。 (2) vt. (尤指大量)供应,供给,提供 常见搭配： supply. with sth 向提供某物

16、supply sth. to.向提供某物 例： He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I was writing the report. 我写报告时，他一直不停地给我续咖啡。 He offered to supply her with another ticket free of charge. 他主动为她免费提供另外 一张票。 A company supplying heating oil to homes caught fire on Sunday. 一家向住户提供取暖 燃油的公司在星期日失火了。 Point 5 donate

17、 教材语境 P20 ： Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities. 幸运的是,许多人来帮忙,捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。 用法详解 ： donate vt. (尤指向慈善机构)捐赠,赠送;献(血),捐献(器 官) 常见搭配：donate sth. to sb./sth.将某物捐赠给某人/某物 例：I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it

18、 worked. 我发现假期前是鼓励孩子们捐赠不常用物品的好时机,而且 效 果很好。 Before graduation, many students in our school donated their books to the school library for the students in lower grades to use.毕业前 夕,我们学校的许多学生把他们的书捐赠给学校图书馆供低年级 学生使用。 Many people donated that type of blood to rescue the severely injured boy. 许多人献了那个血型的血来救那

19、个严重受伤的男孩儿。 归纳拓展 ：(1)donor n. C捐赠者;献血者 （2）donation n. C,U捐赠物,捐赠,赠送 （3）make a donation (of sth. to.) (向)捐赠(某物) 例：The large hall was filled with people who came to make a donation to the earthquake victims. 这个大厅挤满了那些前来为地震灾民捐款的人们。 特别提醒：donate 虽然是及物动词,但不能接双宾语,而要用介词 to 构成 donate sth. to sb./sth.。有类似用法的词还有

20、:introduce, explain 等。 Point 6 go through 教材语境 P21：At 5 p.m., I went through my notes of Mr Lis experiences and researched hurricanes on the Internet. 下午 5 点,我浏览了我关于李先生的经历的笔记，并在网上研究 了飓风。 用法详解： (1)通读， 查阅。 为及物短语动词。 相当于 look through。 例：He has the habit of going through newspapers after getting up. 他有起床

21、之后浏览报纸的习惯。 (2)穿过，通过。为及物短语动词。 例：The rope is too thick to go through the hole. 绳子太粗,穿不过这个孔。 (3)经历,遭受。为及物短语动词,相当于 experience。 例：Go through those things that seem impossible, and achieve what we never believe we can. 去经历那些似乎不可能做到的事情,去取得我们从不相信自己能 取得的成就。 (3) 仔细察看,检查,审查。为及物短语动词。相当于 go over。 例： I would be g

22、rateful if you could go through my paper and make necessary changes. 如果你能仔细检查我的论文并作必要的修改,我将不胜感激。 (5)(法律、 合同等正式)通过。 为不及物短语动词。 主语通常为物。 例：The plan went through at the meeting, which made us all quite happy. 会议通过了这项计划，这使我们都非常高兴。 归纳拓展： go 构成的其他短语: go ahead 先走;发生,进行; 开始做，着手干 go over 仔细检查(或审查、查阅) go in for

23、 爱好;参加(考试或竞赛) go away 走开,离开 go against 反抗;违反 对不利 go on 继续下去;发生; (时间)流逝 go by (时间)流逝,过去 go out 出去；(火或灯光)熄灭 go up 上升,上涨 go down 下降,下跌 go without.没 Point 7 otherwise 教材语境 P23：We cant do that, honey, explained Mum, otherwise the water could wash the car away! 妈妈解释道:我们不能那样做,亲爱的,否则水会把车冲走的!” 用法详解：(1)adv.否则

24、,要不然 例：The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half the time. 工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成 任务。 I will try my best to do it. I would not make a promise otherwise. 我会尽全力去做的, 否则我就不会作出承诺。 (2) adv.另外,除此以外 例：There was some music playing upstairs. Otherwise the house was silent. 楼上有些音乐声。除此以外，房子里静悄悄的。 This car is a little old, but otherwise its in perfect condition. 这辆车有点旧了,但除此之外它状况良好。