江苏省2020-2021学年上学期（牛津版）高一英语期中解析版试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题（含解析）.doc

1、阅读理解专题 江苏省苏州市 2020-2021 学年高一英语上学期期中试题 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Camberwell College Swimming Pools Camberwell College of Arts has one 50m (Olympic sized) pool with a depth of 2m throughout, and one 25m pool with a 1m shallow end and a 4m deep end. Both p

2、ools may be used by the general public at certain times. 50m Pool The pool is often used for classes, but the general public may use two lanes（泳道）for lane swimming at the following times. Monday: 06:30-11:30 and 19:00-21:00 Tuesday: 06:30-11:30 and 18:00-21:00 Wednesday: 06:30-13:30 and 17:30-21:30

3、Thursday: 06:30-13:30 Friday: 06:30-13:30 Weekends: 09:00-17:00 Children under the age of 14 must be accompanied by an adult. Please note that during College holidays, these times will be different. Call 04837 393560 for up-to-date information. 25m Pool The 25m pool is available for recreational (no

4、n-lane) swimming from 07:00-09:00 and 12:30-13:30 on weekdays, and 10:00-16:00 on Saturdays. Children aged 12 and under must be accompanied. We regret that the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July and 18th August. The mens changing rooms will be closed for the week beginning 19

5、th August, and the womens changing rooms will be closed the following week. Alternative（可选用的）changing rooms will be made available. Were sorry for this. 1. When can the general public use the 50m pool on Sundays? A. 06:30. B. 13:30. C. 18:00. D. 21:00. 2. What do we know about the 50m pool? A. Its 4

6、 meters deep. B. Its usually used for teaching. C. Its unsuitable for children under 14. D. Its unavailable during College holidays. 3. The 25m pool will be closed _. A. for a week B. on 26th August C. on 19th August D. for about a month 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 Camberwell College 两个游泳池的

7、详细情况，对公众的开放时间以及注意事项。 1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 50m Pool 中“Weekends: 09:00-17:00”可知 50 米的游泳池在周末对公众开放的时间是 09:00-17:00，四个选项中只有 13:30 在此时间段内，故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 50m Pool 中“The pool is often used for classes”可知，该泳池经常用于教学。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“the 25m pool will be closed for redecoration between 21st July a

8、nd 18th August.”可 知，25 米的泳池将在 7 月 21 日到 8 月 18 日之间重新装修，关闭大约 1 个月时间。故选 D。 【点睛】 细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下： 1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文介绍了 Camberwell College 两个游泳池的详细情况，对 公众的开放时间，注意事项和情况通知。 2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如 for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻 找自己所需要的事实。 3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放 慢速度

9、， 仔细核对比较内容， 直至找到答案。 如小题 2 考查文章细节， 根据第一段 one 50m (Olympic sized) pool with a depth of 2m throughout,可知这个游泳池的深度是 2 米，A 错误。根据 The pool is often used for classes 可知这个泳池常用于教学，B 正确。根据 Children under the age of 14 must be accompanied by an adult.可知 14 岁以下儿童必须在成人陪伴下游泳，不是不适合游泳。C 错误。根据 Please note that during

10、 College holidays, these times will be different.可知大学假期期间时间有所变动，不是不能使用。D 错误。 B Losing a baby tooth can be fun for a kid. You can put it under your pillow and look forward to finding some money there in the morning. And then you can watch your new permanent(永恒的）tooth grow in its place. But if a perma

11、nent tooth falls out, thats a problem. There isnt another one under the gum（齿龈）that can replace it. Unfortunately, this happens to some older people. And if permanent teeth fall out or need to be pulled, an older person might need dentures. Dentures,known as false teeth, are a set of replacement tee

12、th for any teeth that are missing. There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing position. If all the teeth are gone, the person would need complete dentures,which replace every tooth in the mouth. Dentures can cause pains at first but take

13、 little time to get used to.They also need special care. They should be brushed daily with a special denture brush and cleanser and soaked(浸泡） in denture solution when not in the mouth. Dentures are important for the old because, without teeth, its hard to smile, talk, and eat properly. But it can b

14、e a little weird if you see someone take out his or her dentures. It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont have any teeth. Try not to make fun of the person because this could cause hurt feelings. People usually lose their permanent teeth

15、due to periodontal disease (牙周炎） ， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums arent strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out. Older people often have many cavities (洞） that have been filled over the years, and these fillings can weaken over time, l

16、eading to more tooth problems. 4. If one of your baby teeth falls out, you_ A. should have a false tooth fixed in its place B. will gain a permanent tooth in future. C. have to put it under your pillow at once D. can exchange it for some money 5. A person wearing dentures_ A. will experience unpleas

17、ant feelings at the beginning B. will spend a very long time adjusting himself or herself to them C. should brush them with a special denture brush every few days D. should use denture solution to soak them in his or her mouth 6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Partia

18、l dentures can prevent the remaining teeth from changing position. B. Old people will find it hard to smile, talk, and eat properly without teeth. C. A persons teeth will possibly get loose if diseases strike his gums. D. It is hard for a person to wear dentures if all his teeth have fallen out. 7.

19、What does the underlined word weird mean in the fifth paragraph? A. inconvenient B. excited C. strange D. impolite 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章对假牙的作用和重要性进行了说明。 【详解】 1.细节理解题。 根据第一段最后一句“And then you can watch your new permanent(永恒的） tooth grow in its place.”（然后你就可以看到你的新恒牙在原来的地方生长了。 ）可知

20、，当乳牙掉后，会有一颗新的恒牙 长出来，故选 B。 2.细节理解题。 根据第五段第一句“Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to.” （假牙一开 始会引起疼痛，但很快就会习惯。 ）可知，戴假牙在刚开始时会产生疼痛，需要一段时间来适应，故选 A。 3.细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句“There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing posi

21、tion.”（有部分假牙，它只能代替几颗牙齿，防止其他牙齿改变位置。 ）可知，局 部假牙可以防止剩余的牙齿改变位置，所以选项 A 正确，排除 A；根据第六段第一句“Dentures are important for the old because, without teeth, its hard to smile, talk, and eat properly.”（假牙对老年人很重要， 因为没有牙齿，就很难微笑、说话和正常饮食。 ）可知，老年人会发现没有牙齿就很难微笑、说话和正常饮 食， 所以选项 B 正确， 排除 B； 根据最后一段“People usually lose their pe

22、rmanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎） ， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums arent strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out.” （人们失去恒牙通常是由于牙周病或牙龈疾病，这种疾病 是由攻击牙龈的细菌引起的。患病的牙龈不结实不健康，所以牙齿会松动脱落。 ）可知，牙龈生病的话，人 的牙齿可能会松动， 所以选项 C 正确， 排除 C； 根据第五段

23、“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont have any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为 没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。 ）可知，牙齿全掉的人也是可以戴假牙的，所以选项 D 错误，故选 D。 4.词义推测题。根据画线词后的“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she

24、wont have any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。 ） 中的 also 可知，前后两句呈承接并列关系，所以前后句想表达的意思相似，所以 weird 在此处的意思应为奇 怪，故选 C。 C An American company has built a new drone that could improve the speed of deliveries. The drone is very different from other unmanned aircraft. It is made almost completely out of

25、 cardboard and has no motor. It can be packed with materials and sealed up with tape. Because the drones do not have a motor, they are designed to be dropped from airplanes. Hundreds of drones could be sent out at once. Then they could be automatically guided to where they are supposed to go.The com

26、pany says these drones could then complete deliveries to different places over an area covering hundreds of kilometres. The drones look bigger than the paper airplanes we used to make as kids. But this light flyer is not a toy. It is aerodynamically designed and equipped with a small computer, a bat

27、tery and sensors to guide it to the ground. The drones are being developed by Otherlab -a technology research company in San Francisco,California. It calls the drone a Sky Machine. The company says it can travel about 150 kilometres at speeds up to 88 kilometres an hour. Now,it can carry materials w

28、eighing up to one kilogram, but future models are expected to carry larger loads. One of the drones main advantages is that it does not have a heavy motor or large battery. This allows more room for materials and makes the drone cost less to build and operate. The Otherlab development team has calle

29、d the invention the IKEA of drones”. Packaged similarly to products from the famous Swedish furniture maker, it borrows IKEA s concept. The drone arrives as flat pieces of pre-cut cardboard that can be quickly and easily put together. The technology that guides the drone can make it land within 10 m

30、etres of its target, according to Otherlab. Unlike other drones,even a crash landing is acceptable. The company says the drones can also be reused. Once the drone completes its delivery, it can be thrown away and the cardboard material will break down within a few months. The company has received mo

31、ney from the US Department of Defense to carry out research on the drones. The money came from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The agency is attempting to find the best delivery vehicles that can disappear after their missions are completed. The US military has a need for delivery dro

32、nes. But it wants to simplify and lower the cost of using them. Otherlabs Sky Machines are an attempt to fill that need. Military drones can also be stolen and studied by others if found after use. Before they can truly disappear, the electronic materials inside must also somehow disappear. Research

33、ers are still working on ways to get the technology itself to self-destruct. 8. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Why the new drone is invented B. What the new drone is equipped with. C. How the new drone can get to the ground. D. Why the new drone is designed like paper airplanes. 9. Why

34、is the invention called the IKEA of drones? A. Because its a similar product made by IKEA. B. Because it uses the idea from IKEA. C. Because its built at a low cost like furniture of IKEA. D. Because its made up of pre-cut cardboard. 10. Which of the following statements is the advantage of the new

35、drone? A. It can land near its target. B. It has a light motor inside. C. A crash landing is not acceptable. D. Its load weighs far more than one kilo. 11. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about Otherlabs Sky Machines? A. They have been built by the US military. B. Research is being

36、 carried out on their improvement C. They are now often stolen and studied by others after deliveries. D. The electronic materials inside can already destroy themselves after use. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是一家美国公司开发了一种新型无人机，可以提高交货的速度。介绍了这 种无人机的特色、优势以及概念来源和未来的发展方向。 【8 题详解】 主旨大意题。 根

37、据第三段“Because the drones do not have a motor, they are designed to be dropped from airplanes. Hundreds of drones could be sent out at once. Then they could be automatically guided to where they are supposed to go. The company says these drones could then complete deliveries to different places over a

38、n area covering hundreds of kilometres. The drones look bigger than the paper airplanes we used to make as kids. But this light flyer is not a toy. It is aerodynamically designed and equipped with a small computer, a battery and sensors to guide it to the ground.(因为无人机没有发动机， 所以它们被设计成可以从飞机上起飞。 可以同时派出

39、数百架无人机。 然后他们可以被自动引导到他们应该去的地方。该公司表示，这些无人机可以完成数百公里范围内的不同 地区的送货任务。无人机看起来比我们小时候做的纸飞机要大。但这个轻型飞行器不是玩具。它是空气动 力学设计的，装备了一个小型计算机，电池和传感器来引导它到地面)”可知，第三段主要讲了新型无人机如 何着陆的问题。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段中“Packaged similarly to products from the famous Swedish furniture maker, it borrows IKEA s concept.(它借鉴了 IKEA 的理念， 包

40、装类似于瑞典著名家具制造商的产品)”可知， 无人机借鉴了 IKEA 的理念，所以使用了 IKEA of drone 的名字。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段中“The technology that guides the drone can make it land within 10 metres of its target, according to Otherlab.(根据 Otherlab 的说法，引导无人机的技术可以让它降落在距离目标 10 米以内)”可知， A 选项“它能在目标附近着陆” 是新的无人机的优点。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二

41、段中“The agency is attempting to find the best delivery vehicles that can disappear after their missions are completed. The US military has a need for delivery drones. But it wants to simplify and lower the cost of using them. Otherlabs Sky Machines are an attempt to fill that need.( 工程处正在努力寻找在任 务完成后可

42、以消失的最佳运送工具。美国军方对运送无人机有需求。但它想简化并降低使用它们的成本。 Otherlab 的 Sky Machines 正试图满足这一需求)”可知，Otherlab 的 Sky Machines 在进一步改进无人机以满足 更多的需求。故选 B。 D I spend half of my life with my mother and the other half with my father. My father lives with a twenty-pound cat named Tofu. He calls me his favorite daughter. I am the

43、 only child. My fathers apartment is quite different from any other peoples living space.Except for my room,there is no furniture.He doesnt like sofas or any comfortable chairs,so he has only a drawing table,a desk and a bed. For three years he has resisted buying a stereo because he thinks its ugly

44、 and will mess up his studio. From my fathers studio, window, you can see a large part of San Francisco. like to watch the colors change in the bay when the sun is setting.All the walls are white, and framed posters of my fathers last three books hang side by side. He spends a lot of time lying on t

45、he studio floor. Thats how he thinks,he says. Then he does yoga. He has a big kitchen,and on top of the Refrigeration is an old clock he winds every week for good luck. The last time the clock stopped, my fathers car was pulled away by the police and some other unfortunate things happened, so he has

46、 become very superstitious(迷信). When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clock so it wont stop. The one thing he has plenty of is house rules. You have to take off your shoes when you came in. He wont allow anyone who wears a baseball cap into his house. He says only base

47、ball players should wear baseball caps and only the catchers should wear them backward. Every time I go to stay at his house, he makes up a new rule. House rule number 579,no television programs with laugh tracks! he will say. Well then he can never remember the numbers, so they change constantly. T

48、he rule that he always enforces is the one that requires me to write a two-page-long essay anytime I want something.He didnt speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to write it,so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age.The ritual started when I asked him if I

49、 could have my ear pierced when I was nine.He said it was barbaric and told me I couldnt do it until I was thirty-five.But I kept asking him, and he finally said that if I wrote an essay and I could persuade him in writing why I wanted holes in my ears, maybe he would say okay. I wrote my first essay for my father, and after one month of writing and rewriting,he backed down and gave me his permission. 12. Which statement is an example of a house rule? A. No baseball players should wear caps backward. B. Lying on the studio floor can improve the way of thinking. C. Wearing