（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第一册英语-Unit3 Getting along with others重点小结（词汇短语句式语法）.doc

1、Unit3 Getting along with others 重点小结重点小结 【重点词汇】【重点词汇】 1.sight n.视力视力;视觉视觉;视野视野 out of sight 看不见;在视线外 in/within sight 看得见;在视线内 catch sight of 看见 at first sight 乍看起来;一看见 at the sight of 一看见 lose sight of 看不见 lose ones sight 失明 come into sight 进入视野中 2.make it 能够出席能够出席;准时到达准时到达;获得成功获得成功 3.recover vi.恢复健

2、康恢复健康;恢复常态恢复常态 vt.全额收回全额收回;寻回寻回;重新获得重新获得;恢复恢复,重新控制重新控制 recover from.从中恢复 recover oneself 某人恢复知觉 recover sth 重新获得/找回某物 recovery n.恢复;复苏;痊愈 make a recovery from.从中恢复 4.respond vi. 作出反应作出反应,响应响应 respond to sth 对作出反应/回答 response n.回答,响应,反应 in response to.作为对的反应 make a quick response to.对作出很快的反应 responsi

3、ble adj.有责任的;可依靠的;负责的 be responsible for sth/sb 对负责 5.loss n.失去失去,丧失丧失;亏损亏损;去世去世;损失损失 at a loss 不知所措,困惑 lose v.丢失;损失,丧失 lose face 丢脸 lose weight 减肥 lost adj.丢失的,丧失的;迷失的 be lost in 陷入 6.judge vi.判断判断,认为认为 n.法官法官;裁判员裁判员 judge.from.根据判断 judging from/by.根据判断 judgment n.判断,判决书 make a judgment 作判断 7.apolo

4、gize vi.道歉道歉,谢罪谢罪 apology n.道歉;认错 apologize (to sb) for (doing)sth 因(做)某事(向某人)道歉 apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护 accept sbs apology 接受某人的道歉 owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 8.behaviour n.行为行为,举止举止,态度态度 behave v.表现;有礼貌 behave well/badly to/towards sb 对某人表现好/差 behave ones

5、elf 守规矩,表现得体 9.case n.具体情况具体情况,事例事例;案件案件;容器容器 in case 万一,以防万一 in case of.假使/万一 in any case 无论如何,总之 in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话,在这种/那种情况下 in no case 决不 in the case of.就来说 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as the case may/might be 看情况,视情况而定 10.ignore vt.忽视忽视,对对不予理会不予理会 ignorance n.无知;愚昧 out of ignorance 出于无

6、知 ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 be ignorant of 不了解;不知情 11.suffer vi.受苦受苦,受折磨受折磨;变差变差 vt.遭受遭受,蒙受蒙受 suffer from 遭受;患病 suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏 suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事 sufferer n.患难者;患病者 12.count on 依赖依赖,依靠依靠,指望指望 count on/upon=depend/rely on/upon 依赖,依靠 count on sb to do sth 依靠/指望某人做某事

7、count.in 把包括在内 count.out 不包括 count sb/sth as/to be.把某人/物看作 count up=add up 把加起来 countable adj.可数的 13.in person 亲自亲自,亲身亲身 in order 按顺序 in pain 痛苦,在苦恼中 in trouble 处于困境中 in silence 在寂静中 in surprise 惊奇地 14.have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难做某事有困难/麻烦麻烦 in trouble 在危险、受罚、忧虑的处境中 out of trouble 摆脱麻烦;脱离困境 ge

8、t into trouble 陷入困境;遇到麻烦 get sb into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 take the trouble to do sth 不辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事 have trouble with sth 做某事有困难/麻烦 15.respect vt.尊重尊重,尊敬尊敬 n.尊敬尊敬,敬意敬意;重视重视 respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人 have/show respect for sb 尊重某人 out of respect for.出于对的尊敬;顾及 16.bring out 使显现使显现,使表现出使表现出 bring a

9、bout 带来;引来;造成 bring along 使发展;促使成长 bring down 打落;击落;降低 bring forth 生产;产出 bring forward 提出;把提前 bring in 带来;引来;引进 bring up 抚养;教育;提出;呕吐 17.measure vt.估量估量,判定判定;测量测量;有有长长/宽宽/高高 n.措施措施;衡量衡量 measure.by.用来衡量 make.to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做(衣服等) take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事 in some measure 在某种程度上 economy me

10、asures 节约措施 economic measures 经济措施 measurement n.测量 18.reflection n.沉思沉思;反射反射;映像映像;反映反映 be lost in reflection 陷入深思之中 reflect vt.映射;反射 vi.思考 reflect.in.在中反映出/映照出 reflect on 思考,反省 19.seek (sought, sought)vi.试图试图;寻找寻找;争取争取 vt.寻求寻求;寻找寻找 seek ones fortune/fame 追求财富/名誉;碰运气 seek after/for 寻找;追求 seek sth fr

11、om sb 向某人寻求某物 seek to do sth(=try/attempt to do sth)试图/企图做某事 20.escape vi.避开避开,避免避免;被遗忘被遗忘 n.逃离逃离,逃脱逃脱 escape from 从逃脱/逃避 escape from reality 逃避现实 escape into 逃入 escape (doing) sth 避免(做)某事 escape punishment=escape being punished 逃避处罚 make ones escape 逃走 a fire escape 消防通道 a narrow escape 死里逃生 21.be

12、meant to do sth 注定要做某事注定要做某事,应做某事应做某事 sth is meant for sth/sb 某物是为准备/设计的 mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 meant to have done = had meant to do 本来打算做(实际上没做) 22.benefit n.好外好外;益处益处 vt.使受益使受益 vi.得益于得益于 sth benefit(s) sb 某事对某人有益 sb benefit(s) from sth 某人从某事中受益 be of benefit to.对有益 for ones ben

13、efit 为了帮助某人;为了某人的利益 to ones benefit 对某人有益 beneficial adj.有益的;受益的 be beneficial to.(=be of benefit to.) 对有益 23.take on 呈现呈现,具有具有;承担承担;接受接受;从事从事;较量较量;开始雇用开始雇用 take away 拿走;带走;夺走 take back 退回;拿回;归还 take down 记下;拆卸 take in 吸收;理解;欺骗 take off 脱下;起飞;休假;(事业)腾飞 take out 取出;拔掉;带出去 take over 接管;接任 24.moment n.

14、时光时光,时机时机;瞬瞬间间;某个时刻某个时刻 at the moment 此刻,目前,那时(常用于一般现在时、一般过去时和进行时) at that moment 就在那时,当时 for a moment 一会儿,片刻(表示片刻的延缓,常与延续性动词连用) for the moment 目前,暂时 in a moment(=in a minute;very soon)立即,马上(多与将来时连用) the moment+从句=as soon as/the minute/the instant/the second/directly/immediately+ 从句=hardly/scarcely.

15、when.=no sooner.than.一就 fort vt.宽慰宽慰,抚慰抚慰 n.舒服舒服;安慰安慰 comfort sb 安慰某人 in comfort 舒服地 take comfort from.从中得到慰藉 comfortable adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的,不安逸的 discomfort n.不舒服;不安 comfortably adv.安逸地 26.recognize vt.承认承认,意识到意识到;认出认出,辨别出辨别出 recognize sb/ones voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognized to b

16、e/as.被认为是 It is recognized that.人们公认 recognition n.认出;认识 beyond (all) recognition(完全)认不出来 27.admire vt.钦佩钦佩;欣赏欣赏 admire sb for(doing) sth 因为(做)某事而钦佩某人 admirer n.崇拜者 admiration n.佩服 admiring adj.羡慕的;钦佩的 admirable adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的 【重点句式】【重点句式】 1.Whether were walking to school,doing homework or just han

17、ging out at the weekend,were hardly out of each others sight. 无论我们是步行去学校,做作业还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视 线。 2.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day,and I still dont feel like responding to any of her online messages. 我很生气,在学校一整天都躲着她,并且我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息。 3.However,if your friend ignores your

18、 feelings or makes you suffer,its time to rethink your relationship. 然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。 4.Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help,even if it means more work for me. 蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人,即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。 5.As we walk the “path of life”,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own

19、 thoughts,for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可 以带来个人的进步。 6.We often find it easier to recognize other peoples weaknesses than our own. 我们经常发现辨认出别人的弱点比自己的容易。 【语法归纳【语法归纳-限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 which,that,who,whom,whose】 定语从句是用来充当句中定语的从句,它主要用于修

20、饰句子中的名词、代词, 其位置位于被修饰的名词、代词之后。限制性定语从句不可去掉,一旦去掉,主句 的意思则不完整。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其 前后两部分联系成一个整体,关系词可分为两种:关系代词和关系副词。常见的关 系代词有 that,which,who,whom 和 whose。 关系代词的用法 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Theres a man at the front door who wants to see you. 前门口有个人想见你。 Those who want to go outing must be at the school

21、 gate at 7:00 tomorrow morning. 想去郊游的人必须在明天早晨 7 点到学校大门口集合。 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。 Mr Smith is the man (whom) you talked about on the bus. 史密斯先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 The monitor is just the student (whom) I want to see. 班长正是我想要见的那个学生。 注意:关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替,也可省略。 The man (whom/who) you met

22、 just now is my brother. 你刚才遇到的那个人是我哥哥。 3.which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 Basketball is a game which is liked by most people. 篮球是大多数人都喜欢的运动。 The dictionary (which/that) I bought last week is very useful.我上周买的字典很有 用。 4.that 指人时,相当于 who 或 whom;指物时,相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语 或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people

23、 that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 The managers discussed the plan that/which would be carried out the next year. 经理们讨论了下一年将会执行的计划。 5.whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。whose 后必须有一名词。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 Children who are not

24、active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。 6.关系代词(who 除外)也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合,介词可以置于关系代 词前,这种情况下关系代词不可省略,也不可以用 that 代替。如: Is this the magazine (which/that)you were talking about just now? =Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now? 这是你们刚刚谈论的那本杂志吗? 但是要注意的是,固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。如: You are the very person (whom/that)we are looking for. 你正是我们正在找的人。 7.当先行词是 way 并表示“以的方式”时,定语从句常用 that 或 in which 引 导,that 或 in which 也可以省略。如: I like the way (that/in which)she smiles. 我喜欢她微笑的方式。