（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world教学知识细解码 ppt课件.ppt

1、Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 教学知识细解码教学知识细解码 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1survive v生存；幸存 _ n生存，存活；残存物， 幸存事物survivor n幸存者 2_ vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指intention n打算，计划 3_ v查阅，参考；提到，谈及reference n提到，谈及； 参考，查阅；参考书目 survival intend refer 4limit n限度；极限；范围 _ adj.有限的 5contain v容纳 _ n容器；集装箱，货柜 6wise adj.明智的wisely adv.明

2、智地_ n智慧，才智， 明智；知识，学问 7benefit n优势；益处 _ adj.有益的，有用的 limited container wisdom beneficial 1wisdom n智慧，才智，明智；知识，学问 The government in its wisdom has decided to support the ban. _ Many Tibetans have expressed doubts about the wisdom of the decision. _ The received wisdom is that they cannot win. _ 智慧 明智 知

3、识 2refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及；指的是 Her mother never referred to him again. _ This paragraph refers to the events of last year. _ You may refer to your notes if you want. _ 提到，谈及 涉及，指的是 查阅，参考 Words and Phrases 知识要点1 survival n生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 (教材 P44) Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu，malaria patients all

4、over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. 由于她发现了青蒿素，世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存 机会。 例 1 If you develop AIDS，your chance of survival is very small. 如果你得了艾滋病，生存的概率很小。 例 2 The ceremony is a survival from pre- Christian times. 这种仪式是从公元前遗留下来的。 造句 如果癌症早被发现，存活的概率就高。 _ _ If cancers are spot

5、ted/discovered early，theres a high chance of survival. 知识拓展 (1)survive vt.& vi. 生还；残存；比活的时间长 survive on. 仅靠维持生计 survive sb.by. 比某人多活 (2)survivor n. 生存者；残存者；幸存者 即学即练 单句语法填空 She survived her husband _ twenty years. Life became a struggle for _(survive). Luckily，most of the passengers _(survive)the ter

6、rible accident. Millions of people survive _ a very limited diet. by survival survived on 知识要点2 intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指 (教材 P44) In the 1960s， many people were dying of malaria， and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. 20 世纪 60 年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969 年屠呦呦担任了一个课 题组的

7、组长，这个课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。 例 1 I intend that you(should)be invited by them. 我打算让他们邀请你。 例 2 What do you intend doing when you get to this place? 你打算到这里干什么？ 造句 他打算明年去国外留学。 _ He intends to study/studying abroad next year. 知识拓展 (1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 (2)intended adj. 打

8、算的；计划的 be intended for. 为打算(或设计)的 be intended to do. 打算做 (3)intention n. 意图，目的；企图 with the intention of 有的打算/目的 have no intention of doing sth. have no intention to do sth. 无意做某事 without intention 无意地，不是故意地 即学即练 单句语法填空 He went to Paris with the _(intend)of learning French. He intends his son _(manag

9、e)the company. I _(intend)to do it，but Im sorry I forgot. This is a new book _(intend)for little children. intention to manage had intended intended 知识要点3 refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 (教材 P45) When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine

10、again. 当它们未能产生预期效果时，屠呦呦再次查阅历代中医典籍。 例 1 In his speech，he referred to a recent trip to Canada. 在他的讲话中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。 例 2 Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend. 玛西娅把他称为好朋友。 造句 我答应过再也不提这事了。 _ I promised not to refer to the matter again. 知识拓展 (1)refer v. 参考；提到；查阅；涉及 refer.to. 把提交给 refer to.as. 把看作 (

11、2)reference n. 参考，查阅；提到，谈及； 介绍信，介绍人 make(a)reference to 谈及，提及；参考 in/with reference to 关于 reference book 参考书；工具书 即学即练 单句语法填空 He made no _(refer)to his illness but only to his future plans. He _(refer)to as a living Lei Feng. The question referred _ at the meeting is hard to answer. I have nothing to

12、say_ reference to that case. reference is referred to in/with 知识要点4 (教材 P45) However， it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited 然而，由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大 型试验。 (1)trial n试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.& vt.测试，试验 例 1 She agreed to employ me for a tria

13、l period. 她同意试用我一段时间。 例 2 We had the machine on trial for a week. 这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。 造句 我把车开出去在公路上试了一下。 _ I took the car out for a trial on the roads. 知识拓展 be on trial 正在受审 stand/go on trial 受到审判 on trial 在试验/测试中 trial and error 反复试验 即学即练 单句语法填空 Now he is _ trial for his life. She will go _ trial for

14、murder. Children learn to use computer by trial _ error. on on and (2)limited adj.有限的 例 1 The amount of money we have is limited. 我们拥有的那笔钱是有限的。 例 2 Film is a business with limited opportunities for actresses. 电影业对女演员来说机会有限。 造句 此次减价时间有限。 _ This offer is for a limited period only. 知识拓展 (1)limit vt. 限制

15、 nC 限度，限制 limit.to. 把限定在 be limited to 局限于 there is a limit to. 是有限度的 (2)limitless adj. 无限制的，无止境的 (3)limitation n. 限制；局限 即学即练 单句语法填空 We are doing our best with the _(limit)resources available. The teacher limited his students _ 500 words for their compositions. There is _ limit to the amount of pain

16、 we can bear. Families _(limit)to three free tickets each. limited to a are limited 小片段助记 A mans life is limited，but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people. 知识要点5 container n容器；集装箱，货柜 (教材 P45) When there was no research equipm

17、ent，they had to extract herbs using household water containers. 当时没有研究设备，他们只能用家用的盛水容器提取青蒿。 例 1 Do not fill the container more than two- thirds full. 加入的量不要超过容器总容量的 2/3。 例 2 This container can hold a can of fruit. 这个容器能装一罐水果。 造句 她将水注入了容器里。 _ She poured the water into the container. 知识拓展 contain vt. 包

18、含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制 contain oneself 克制自己 即学即练 单句语法填空 He was so excited that he could hardly contain _(he). I dont know how much oil is in this old _(contain). The girl went to pick up the bag _(contain)much money. Our school lecture hall _(contain)1，000 people. himself container containing contains 明辨异同 c

19、ontain，include contain 表示包含所含之物的全部，还指某种物质中含有某成分或含 有其他物质。另外，contain 还有“克制，抑制”之意。 include 意为“包含；包括在内；计入，算入”，指作为整体中 的 一 部 分 而 被 包 括 进 去 ， 在 句 中 常 构 成 分 词 短 语 sb./sth.included 或 including sb./sth.。 选词填空 contain，include This little book _ all the information that you need. I have to prepare food for seve

20、n people _ me. contains including 知识要点6 speed up (使)加速 (教材 P45) To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 为了加快进程并确保安全，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在自己身上 测试青蒿提取物。 例 1 You notice that your breathing has speeded up a bit. 你注意到你的呼吸已加快了一点。 例 2 Th

21、is system helps speed up access times. 这个系统有助于加快读取数据的时间。 造句 我已经采取措施加快解决这个问题。 _ I had already taken steps to speed up a solution to the problem. 知识拓展 at a speed of. 以的速度 at low/high/full/top speed 以低/高/全/最高速 pick up speed 加速 即学即练 单句语法填空 Once outside the station，the train began to speed _ A sudden sto

22、p can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are travelling _ high speed. This flight is now heading for Paris at _ speed of 1， 000 kilometres an hour. Many countries are faced with the problem how to speed _ economic development. up at a up 知识要点7 pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的 (教材 P45) The efforts

23、of Tu and her team finally paid off. 屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。 例 1 It will take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan. 那笔贷款将需要他的余生才能还清。 例 2 They doubted whether all this work would pay off. 他们怀疑这样干是否划得来。 造句 他们的努力最终有了回报。 _ Their efforts paid off in the end. 知识拓展 pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清，还清 pay for 为付钱；为

24、付出代价 pay back 还钱；报复 名师点津 pay off 表示“得到回报”时，无被动语态，且一般 用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“偿清”时，用人作主语。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The efforts made by Jack and his parents _(pay)off. Can you lend me some money？Ill pay you _ on Friday. At last，the young peoples hard work _(pay)off. The couple were happy to know that their sons debt _(pay)

25、off. paid back paid had been paid 知识要点8 beneficial adj.有益的，有用的 (教材 P45) Perhaps the next generation of scientists， drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. 也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧，确实会发现更多有益于全 球医疗的药物。 例 1 To take exercise ind

26、oors is less beneficial than in the open air. 在室内锻炼不如在室外锻炼更有益。 例 2 Being exposed to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language. 在外国文化环境中熏陶有利于我们学习当地语言。 造句 水对植物和动物都有益。 _ Water is beneficial to both plants and animals. 知识拓展 (1)be beneficial to 对有益，对有用 (2)benefit v. 对有用，使受益 n. 益处

27、 benefit from/by 得益于，得利于 be of benefit to 对有利 for sb.s benefitfor the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益 即学即练 单句语法填空 Your advice is very _(benefit)to me. You must study hard _ the benefit of your own. This is an agreement which is _ great benefit to both parties. Both sides have benefited _ the talks. beneficia

28、l for of from/by 小片段助记 I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those people who were absent last week，which I think is beneficial to their learning.The notes will be of benefit to everyone concerned. 1(教材 P44)Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic of C

29、hina to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history. 分析 此句为简单句。不定式 to receive a Nobel Prize 作后置定 语， 修饰名词 scientist； 过去分词短语 awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria作定语， 相当于定语从句which was awarded for her

30、 contribution to the fight against malaria；名词短语 one of the deadliest diseases in human history 是 malaria 的同位语。 译文 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科 学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上 最致命的疾病之一。 2 (教材 P45)However， it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limite

31、d. 分析 此句为主从复合句。句中 because 引导原因状语从句。 主句中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语 to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials。 译文 然而，由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取 物进行大型试验。 3 (教材 P45)Perhaps the next generation of scientists， drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines benefic

32、ial to global health care. 分析 此句为简单句。句中“drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine”为 v.ing 短语作定语，修饰名词 scientists。 译文 也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧，确实会发现更多 有益于全球医疗的药物。 教材 高考 1.In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the diseas

33、e. (2020 天 津 卷 )Making a full- length clay(黏土)figure would not exhaust my strengthand that is what I intend to do！ 2.When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. (2020新 高 考 全 国 卷 )What does the underlined word “that” in par

34、agraph 2 refer to？ 3.However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. (2019 江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited resources. 4.To speed up the process and ensure its safety， Tu and her team v

35、olunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. (2020 全国卷)They will speed up energy production. 5.In her Nobel Lecture ， she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. (2020 全国卷)What does the speaker recommend a

36、t the end of his lecture？ (2020 全国卷)Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage ， walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. .单句语法填空 1Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands _ 510 years. 2She went to this city with the _(intend)of fin

37、ding a good job. 3It was foolish of him to refer _ his notes during that important test. by intention to 4The report will _(publish)on the Internet. 5At worst well have to sell the house to pay _ our debts. 6Her menu was so _(limit)that few customers came to her restaurant. 7The new rules will be _(

38、benefit)to every student. 8I think Mary is a woman of great _(wise). 9Take the machine _ trial for a week. 10An animals sense of smell is still crucial to its _ (survive). be published off limited beneficial wisdom on survival .短语填空 refer to；speed up；pay off；make a difference；thanks to；succeed in；da

39、y and night；give up；large amounts of；draw on 1Ill have to _ my savings to afford it. 2It was all a great success_ a lot of hard work. 3Did he _ or keep on trying? 4Study this example and _ the explanation below. draw on thanks to give up refer to 5After a months hard work，his effort _ at last. 6He _

40、 getting a place at art school last year. 7Whatever you choose to do，it will _ 8_ your pace and try to arrive there on time. 9Students should not play computer games _ 10The server is designed to store _data. paid off succeeded in make a difference Speed up day and night large amounts of .课文语法填空 Tu

41、Youyou has become 1._(one)female scientist of the Peoples Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，which was awarded to her for her contribution to the fight against malaria.Thanks 2._ her discovery of qinghaosu， malaria patients now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. the first to Tu

42、 was born in Ningbo and studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955.After 3._ (graduate)， she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.She completed further training courses，4._(acquire)a broad knowledge of both Chinese and Western medicine. graduation acquiring In 5

43、._ 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.When they failed 6._(produce)any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.7._ (inspire)by an over 1，600yearold text about prepa

44、ring qinghao extract with cold water，she succeeded in making a qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.8._ research resources and good equipment were limited，Tu and her team managed to find solutions the to produce Inspired Although/While/Though to the problem.Later，the efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.In November 1972，they 9._ (successful)isolated the most effective part of the qinghao extract and named it qinghaosu， for which Tu 10._ (award)the Nobel Prize in 2015. successfully was awarded