（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语 Unit 1 词汇讲解 教案 教师版 学生版合集.zip

江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 1 Book3 Unit 1 词汇讲解词汇讲解 1. harm n. 环保的 ecologist 生态学家 ecotourism 生态旅游业 maintain the balance of the Earths ecosystem 维持地球生态系统的平衡 3. overseas adj. 海外的，国外的海外的，国外的 adv. 在海外，向国外在海外，向国外 overseas students/markets 海外留学生/市场 live overseas/go overseas 在国外生活/出国 He has returned to South Africa from his long overseas trip. 他结束了漫长的海外旅行回到南非。 If youre staying for more than three months or working overseas, a full 10-year passport is required. 在国外工作或居留 3 个月以上，需要持 10 年期的护照。 Much of the investment was overseas. 大部分均为海外投资。 4. region n. 地区，区域；行政区地区，区域；行政区 regional adj. 地区的；区域的；地方的 one overseas region of France 法国的一个海外区域 in the region of （表示不确切的数字等）大约，差不多 同义词： approximately 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 2 He earns somewhere in the region of 50 000. 他大约赚 5 万欧元。 We divide into pairs and each pair takes a region 我们分成两人一组，每一组负责一个区域。 5. continent n.大陆，陆地，洲大陆，陆地，洲 continental adj.大陆的，洲的 the South American continent 南美大陆 continental drift 大陆漂移 6. million 一百万；许多，大量一百万；许多，大量 搭配：millions of 数百万 6 million 六百万 one in a million 万里挑一的人/物；不同寻常的人/物 It is reported that several million people are starving in the world because of the shortage of food. 据报道，世界上有几百万人因为食物短缺而正在挨饿。 Millions of people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day. 每天，世界上有数百万人通过电子邮件发送信息。 学法点拨： (1).当 hundred, thousand, million, billion 以及 dozen, score 等以复数形式存在时，表示泛指的数量，其后 要加 of，但前面不能用表示具体数量的词修饰。 (2).当 hundred, thousand, million, billion 以及 dozen, score 等以单数形式存在时，其前常用表示具体数量 的词或 several, some, many, a few 等修饰。 巩固练习： . The local government brought in ________________ (五百万) dollars last year to develop the economy. . The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that _______________(数百万人) pour in every year. . The (三百) workers on strike were surprised to see that __________________ (数千)people were on the b street to support them. . I bought _____________(好几十个) eggs today. 7. length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影电影)片长片长 搭配 at length 详尽地；=in detail; 充分地；最后；终于 in length 在长度上 go to great lengths (to do sth.) 尽一切可能/不遗余力(做某事) for a length of time 相当长的一段时间 two meters in length/width/height/depth = two meters long/wide/high/deep 两米长/宽/高/深 Each class is 45 minutes in length. 每一节课为 45 分钟。 We have already discussed this matter at length. 我们已经详细地讨论了这个问题。 They go to great lengths to shelter the homeless. 他们竭尽全力为无家可归者提供住所。 long adj.长的 lengthen v.(使)变长 联想： longlengthlengthen strongstrengthstrengthen highheightheighten widewidthwiden deepdepthdeepen 巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空: . The fish can grow to_________ length of four feet. . The___________ (long)of your talk must be at least 10 minutes. 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 3 . Can you help me ___________(length) this skirt? 2. 完成句子: . The broad river is 300 miles ___________(在长度上). . He told us how he had worked out the budget ____________(最后). . We will_________________ (尽一切可能)to help you out of trouble. 8. biodiversity n.生物多样性生物多样性 biology n. 生物学 bio-生物的;人生的 biotechnology n. 生物科技 biochemistry n. 生物化学 diversify 使多样化 vt. diverse 多种多样的 adj. diversity n. 多样化；差异性 9. species n. (pl. species) 种；物种种；物种 the diversity of species 物种的多样性 a species of flowers 一种花 many species of flowers many species of flowers 10. variety n.不同种类；变化，多样化；变种，变体。常见搭配：不同种类；变化，多样化；变种，变体。常见搭配： a variety of 各种各样的 varieties of 各种各样的 This tool can be used in a variety of ways. 这个工具有多种用途。 A variety of hooks are used, each for a different kind of fish. 各种各样的鱼钩被使用，每种对应不同种类的鱼。 特别提醒: (1). a variety of 中的 variety 可用 great, large, huge, wide 等词修饰。a variety of = varieties of,后可跟可数 名词复数或不可数名词。 (2). “a variety of +复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；“the variety of+复数名词”做主语时，谓 语动词要用单数形式。 (3). a variety of/varieties of 后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词 多用复数形式，偶尔也可用单数形式；the variety of 后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 归纳拓展归纳拓展: (1). vary i.变化；改变 vary with 随着而变化 vary in 在方面变化/不同 vary from.to.从到变化 vary between and.在和之间变化 (2). various adj.各种各样的；各种不同的 (3). variously adv.各种各样地 单句语法填空 (1). Rooms vary ___________ size and some are equipped with televisions and telephones. (2). The radio station had an open line on which listeners could call up to discuss ________(vary) issues. (3). The island offers such a wide __________(vary) of scenery and wildlife. (4). Every solid object will reflect a sound, _____________(vary) according to the size and nature of the object. 11. beneath prep.在在.下方；在下方；在.下面下面; 配不上配不上 .在那幅画的下方 beneath the painting .被白雪覆盖的大地 the earth lying beneath a blanket of snow .他们认为她下嫁了。 They thought she had married beneath her. 12. mass adj. 生还者 survival n. 幸存；生存 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 (1). Mastering some basic skills greatly increases your chances of _______________(survive). (2). Last week, thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in__________(survive)the terrible flood and they were the only two ______________ (survive). (3). My grandma passed away last year and she survived my grandpa ______________ ten years. 16. in turn: 相应地，转而，反过来；轮流相应地，转而，反过来；轮流; 依次依次 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 理论是建立在实践的基础上，反过来为实践服务。 The children called out their names in turn. 孩子们依次自报姓名。 归纳拓展: in ones turn 轮到某人；接着 take turns to do sth./ (at) doing sth.轮流做某事 Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 It will be in Toms turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到汤姆值日。 We take turns making/to make dinner.我们轮流做饭。 Its your turn to clean the blackboard.轮到你擦黑板了。 学法点拨: by turns 是“交替；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；如果表示“按顺序”则应该用 in turn。 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 . We clean the classroom every week _______ turn. . ____________ is my turn to clean the room. 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 6 . They took turns _____________ (look) after their parents. . Its my turn ___________(deliver) a speech in public. . They took care of their sick father _________________ turns. 完成句子 . Thus they have, ____________________________(接着)，become the most important animals on the planet. . People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this ________________(反过来) creates more problems. 17. break down: 使分解；使变化；使分解；使变化；(机器等机器等)出故障；出故障；(身体等身体等)垮掉；垮掉；(情感等情感等)失控；失控； (谈判等谈判等)失败；破坏，消除失败；破坏，消除 （1). (使)分解 Enzymes in the stomach break our food down into useful substances. 胃中的酶把我们的食物分解成有用的物质。 (2). (机器或车辆)出故障，坏掉 Our car broke down all of a sudden on the road. 我们的车突然在路上出了故障。 （3). (身体）垮掉，被搞垮 If Tim carries on working like this, hell break down sooner or later. 如果蒂姆继续这样工作，他的身体迟早会垮掉。 (4). (讨论、谈判等)失败；破裂 She was unwilling to stay in America after her marriage broke down. 在她的婚姻破裂后，她就不愿意待在美国了。 (5). 消除，驱除(人与人之间的隔阂等) It takes a long time to break down prejudices. 消除偏见需要很长的时间。 归纳拓展: break away (from)脱离，背叛 break out 爆发 break in 打断(谈话) ; 插嘴，打断；破门而入 break through 突破；克服 break into 破门而入 break up 解散；结束; 分手 We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night. 早上我们到达工作地点时发现有人在（前一天)晚上闯进了办公室。 The police came and broke up the crowds. 警察来了，把人群驱散了。 巩固练习： 写出句中 break down 的含义 . Martin Luther King tried to break down racial discrimination. _________________ . Lets break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. _________________ . Men are left idle when machines break down. _________________ . You will break down if you take on more work than you can. _________________ . Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. _________________ 单句语法填空 . Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break_____________ in disasters. . As she was talking, he suddenly broke _____________，saying, “Thats a lie!” . They had escaped to America before the war broke ______________ . At last the moon broke ________________ the clouds and they could see their way. 18. breathe life into 给给带来起色，注入活力带来起色，注入活力 We need some new people to breathe life into this project. 我们需要一些新人来为这个项目注入活力。 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 7 归纳拓展: breathe in吸气 breathe out 呼气 归纳拓展： come to life 苏醒过来；变得更有趣 give ones life to do sth./for sth. 为(做)某事献出生命 devote ones life to(doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 lead/live a(n) .life 过着日子/生活 The doctor told her to breathe in deeply and then breathe out. 医生告诉她深吸一口气，然后将气呼出。 He gave his life for the cause of peace.他为和平事业献出了生命。 巩固练习： 完成句子 . 神话就是靠想象来赋予生命的。 Myths are made for the imagination to __________________________ them. . 他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命。 He had _______________________________ to save the Tibetan antelope. . 过了很长时间，那位伤员才苏醒过来。 The injured _________________________________ after a long time. . 他致力于教育生活在山区的孩子们。 He__________________________________ the children who lived in the mountainous areas. 19. thus adv. 因此，从而，这样因此，从而，这样 . 大学扩招了，这样就使更多的人有机会接受高等教育。 The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education. . 我们不是这栋楼房的房主，因此我们不能卖它。 We do not own the building. Thus, we cant sell it. . 他的腿受伤了，因此没能准时到那。 He hurt his leg and thus failed to get there on time. 20. disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪 disappearance n. appear vi. 出现 appearance n. 出现，外貌 .从视线中消失 disappear from view/sight .消失在远处 disappear in the distance disappear behind/into消失在后/中 disappear from sight/view 从视线中消失 The plane disappeared behind clouds.飞机消失在云层后。 David watched until the train disappeared from sight/view.戴维一直看着火车从视线中消失。 My keys have disappeared again.我的钥匙又不见了。 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 . They watched the bus until it _______________________(disappear) in the distance. . The train disappeared _____________________view and I knew my best friend would never come back. 完成句子 . 那个陌生人消失在黑暗中。That stranger the dark. 21.due to=because of=as a result of=on account of= owing to=because of 因为因为,由于由于 Our sports meeting had to be put off due to the heavy rain. 因为这场大雨，我们的运动会不得不推迟。 归纳拓展: (be) due to sb.应支付/给予/归于某人 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 8 be due to do sth.预定做某事 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。 The next train is due to arrive in five minutes. 下一趟火车预计五分钟之后到达。 巩固练习: 单句语法填空 (1). Her failure in the speech was largely due_________ her nervousness. (2). Mistakes due to __________ (careless) may cause serious problems. (3) .The sports meeting, originally due to ____________(hold) last Friday, was finally called off because of the bad weather. 22. agriculture n. 农业，农学农业，农学 agricultural adj.农业的，农学的 the development of agriculture农业的发展 agricultural societies农业社会 23. cattle n.牛牛 （虽单数形式单数形式，但是复数是复数） a head of cattle 20 heads of cattle 24. impact n. applied) v.申请；应用；使用；勤奋工作；努力学习 apply (to.)for.(向)申请 apply to do sth.申请做某事 apply sth. to把某物应用于；把某物涂到 apply to 适用于(to 为介词) apply oneself to (doing)sth.致力于/专心于(做)某事 (2). applicant n.申请人 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 (1). Now researchers are scientific methods _______________ the study of the art. (2). John and hundreds of young people like him are applying _________________the post of the typist. (3). Now a lot of new technologies can be applied to_______________ (solve) problems in industry. (4). The new technology, if ________________(apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output. 29. spring to mind 马上想到，突然记起马上想到，突然记起(或想到或想到) If you refer to “Hawaii”, a vision of pretty beaches and blue seas may spring to mind. 如果你提到“夏威夷”，美丽海滩和蓝色海洋的景象可能就会立刻浮现在脑海里。 归纳拓展: bear/keep.in mind 记住 lose ones mind 失去理智 bring.to mind使想起 come to mind 突然想起 change ones mind 改变主意 make up ones mind 打定主意；下定决心(mind 的形式随 one 的单复数变化而变化) concentrate ones mind on / upon. 集中注意力于，专注于 Please bear/keep in mind that time will change everything. 请记住时间会改变一切。 We have made up our minds to take a trip to Australia or Thailand. 我们已经决定去澳大利亚或泰国旅行。 学法点拨: spring n.春天；弹簧；泉 v 跳；反弹 (sprang, sprung) 巩固练习: 单句语法填空 . I cant seem to spring ___________mind the name of the bookshop where I bought the book. . After graduation from college, they made up their minds __________(go) and settle in the countryside. . We have made up our ______________(mind) to go on a journey to Tibet. 完成句子 . We need to _________________________________(记住) what our goals are. . His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, you can never_________________ ________________(改变他的主意). . Dont be absent-minded. Please ______________________(集中注意力于) the experiment. 30. track v为辩护 defend.against/from. 保卫免受 The soldiers fought bravely in defence of their country. 士兵们为保卫他们的国家英勇作战。 What points can be raised in defence of this argument? 有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？ The areas flood defences need repairing. 该地区的防洪设施需要整修。 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 . They were fighting like lions in defence _______________ their homeland. 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 13 . As a famous politician once said, attack is the best method of ______________(defend). . The PLA defends our motherland_____________________ being attacked. 36. process n.& vt. (1). n.C进程，过程 in the process of (doing) sth.在(做)某事的过程中搭配 in the process 同时，在过程中 in process 在进行中 Were in the process of selling our old furniture. 我们正在出售自家的旧家具。 I stood up to say hello and spilled my drink in the process. 我站起来打招呼时把饮料弄洒了。 (2). vt.加工，处理 Most of the food we buy is processed in some way. 我们买的大部分食品都用某种方式加工过。 巩固练习： 单句语法填空 . Im afraid getting things changed will be _____________slow process. . All the information was then ready________________ (process) into film negatives. . Care of the soul is a gradual process _________which even the small details of life should be considered. . More than 100 applications for travel visas have to be __________________(process). 完成句子 . The company is_______________________(在过程中)moving to new offices. Studies have shown that the right and left ear________________________（处理声音）differently. . Your application for the position is__________________________（在进行中). 37. economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economic development 经济发展 an economic crisis 经济危机 It is reported that 3 percent economic growth was the governments aim. 据报道，3%的经济增长是政府的目标。 词语积累: economy n.C经济(情况)；经济制度；C，U节约，节省 economical adj.经济的，实惠的；节约的 an economical method of heating 一种经济的供暖方法 38. recycle vt.回收利用，再利用回收利用，再利用 recycle paper/glass 回收报纸/玻璃 We need to think more about recycling our waste 我们需要多考虑回收利用垃圾。 Waste materials from the dustbins can be recycled and processed. 垃圾箱里的废料是可以回收和处理的。 词语积累: recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的 recycling n. 再循环 Saving and recycling are long-term projects where determination matters a great deal 节省和回收都是长期项目，其中决心很重要。 39. former adj.以前的，从前的；前任的 n.前者 He was very happy to see his former friends in the bookstore. 在书店见到他以前的朋友他很高兴。 Of swimming and football he prefers the former. 在游泳和足球运动中他更喜欢前者。 归纳拓展: latter adj.后者的,后面的 the former.the latter. 前者后者 40. official n.&adj. 江苏省黄桥中学 2021 年春学期英语校本讲义 撰写：徐前进 审核：肖玺 2021.02.20 14 (1). n. C官员；要员；高级职员 a government official 政府官员 bank officials 银行职员 More than one official has served the people heart and soul.不止一个官员全心全意为人民服务。 (2). adj.公职的；公务的 Please dont disturb the official duties. 请不要打扰公务。 (3). adj.官方的；正式的 English is an official language. 英语是官方语言。 词语积累: office n. C,U办公室；(政府部门的)部，局；公职，官职，公务；职责 take office 就职 officer n.C工作人员；军官；警察，执法人员 officially adv.官方地；正式地 41. consequence n.结果结果,后果；重要性后果；重要性 take/suffer/face the consequences (of sth.)承担/遭受/ 面临(某事的)后果 as a consequence