2021年江苏省（牛津版）高一英语寒假练习01（含答案）.zip
答案第 1 页，总 5 页 2021 年江苏省高一寒假英语作业年江苏省高一寒假英语作业 1 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds 1 and achievable. But, 2 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 3 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become 4 . They forget what they regard as the boring side of business 5 that the customer remains a customer. 6 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 percent of its customers every year. In constantly changing 7 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any 8 how many customers they have lost. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 9 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 10 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five percent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 11 increases of between 25 and 85 percent. In the US, Dominos Pizza estimates that a 12 customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 13 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 14 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience). The logic behind cultivating customer 15 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 16 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a 17 relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 18 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 19 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 20 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market. 1AsimpleBdifficultCtoughDcomplicated 2Ain particularBin realityCat leastDfirst of all 3AemphasizeBdoubtCoverlookDbelieve 4Acarried awayBcarried backCcarried onDcarried through 5AhesitatingBensuringCarguingDproving 6AMovingBHopingCStartingDFailing 7AmarketsBtastesCpricesDexpenses 8AthoughtBideaCopinionDview 9AcultureBsocialCfinancialDeconomical 10ApromiseBplanCmistakeDdifference 11AcostBopportunityCprofitDbudget 12AusualBordinaryCcommonDregular 13Aas a resultBon the wholeCin conclusionDon the contrary 答案第 2 页，总 5 页 14AhugeBpotentialCextraDreasonable 15AbeliefsBloyaltyChabitsDinterest 16AalteringBunderstandingCkeepingDattracting 17AcloseBdistantCdeepDshallow 18AAssumedBRespectedCEstablishedDUnexpected 19AagreeableBflexibleCfriendlyDsensitive 20AunfairBdifficultCessentialDconvenient 二阅读理解 I came home one day recently and, for reasons I dont quite understand, my living room smelled like my grandmothers house. Suddenly I felt as if I were 12 years old, happy and relaxed, sitting in her kitchen. I can remember what her house looked like, though it was sold 20 years ago her three-level plant stand, the plates lining the walls, the window over her sink but these visual memories dont have the power that smell does. The funny thing is, I cant even begin to describe the odor(气味) that was so distinctively hers. The best I can do is this: “It smelled like my grandmothers house.” Its a common experience, and a common linguistic( 语言学的) problem. In cultures worldwide, people have powerful olfactory memories. This odor-memory link is also called “the Proust phenomenon,” after Marcel Prousts famous description of the feelings aroused by a cake dipped in tea in “Remembrance of Things Past.” Olfactory memories seem to be more closely bound up with emotions than are visual or auditory ones. Not all these memories are pleasant, of course, and smells can also trigger feelings of pain. It is surprisingly hard for English-speakers to describe the odors that occasion such strong emotions, however. English possesses almost no abstract smell words that pick out links or themes among unrelated aromas(芳香). We have plenty of these in the visual field. “Yellow,” for example, identifies a characteristic that bananas, lemons, some cars, some flowers, old book pages, and the sun all share. But for odors, we dont have many more than the vague “musty” (smells old and stale) and “musky” (smells perfumey). We usually have no choice but to say that one thing smells like another like a banana, like garlic, like diesel fuel. A few languages, though, do have a rich odor vocabulary. Linguist Asifa Majid has found that the Jahai, the Semaq Beri, and the Maniq, hunter-gatherer groups in Malaysia and Thailand, employ a wide range of abstract smell words and can identify aromas as easily as we can colors. The Jahai have a word, for example, that describes “the seemingly dissimilar smell of petrol, smoke, bat poop, root of wild ginger and wood of wild mango.” Last year my cat got sprayed by a skunk(臭鼬), and the vet told me to wash its face with coffee to cover the bad smell. Until then, I had never realized that coffee, which I find delicious, smells remarkably like skunk spray, which I do not. Science has identified the chemicals that both share. They are called mercaptans (硫醇). But in oral English, we have no word for the underlying note that connects these two odors. If the Jahai drank coffee and encountered skunks, I bet they would. 21The opening paragraph is mainly intended to . 答案第 3 页，总 5 页 Aexpress the writers affection for his grandmother Bdirect the readers attention to a linguistic problem Ctell us the odor of the grandmothers house stayed the same Dprove smell has a greater power than visual memories 22Which of the following is related to olfactory memories? AForming an image in mind after seeing the word “injury”. BFeeling sympathetic when seeing a sick cat. CDancing to the music upon hearing it played. DMissing fried eggs with garlic cooked by mum. 23The example of the Jahai suggests that . Athe Jahai dont have many words in the visual field BEnglish possesses many vague words like “musty” and “musky” Cthe Jahai has more abstract smell words than English Dskunk and coffee have the same smell, but different functions 24What can we learn from the passage? AThe author feels pity about the limitation of his language. BEnglish has a wide range of visual and odor vocabulary. COlfactory memories can bring nothing but pleasant feelings. DCultures worldwide always collide with each other. 三七选五 The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems. 1 Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isnt strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year. 2 Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire. 3 In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training. Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success education isnt paying off as much as in the past. 4 They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. A March report form the UKs Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 35% in 2011 form less than 27% a decade 答案第 4 页，总 5 页 earlier. 5 Typical is Cairos Ahmed Said. He graduated from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory（义务的）year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice,” he says, “and this is the job that I got.” AYoung graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced workers. BMore and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their skill level. CThey started applying for any positions they could find in other countries. DIn some parts of the world, such jobs are all that is available to college graduates. E. Yet youth unemployment also has common roots throughout the world. F. Those young workers who do find employment are often trapped in awful contracts. G. In much of Western Europe overemphasized labor protection makes it more difficult for youths to land good jobs. 1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 四语法填空 This was Buck in the fall of 1897,when the discovery of gold in the Klondike brought men from everywhere to the frozen north. But Buck did not read the newspapers,and he did not know that Manuel, one of the gardeners helpers, was 1 a good man. Manuel gambled(赌博）and wasted the little money he had. And one time when the Judge was 2 business, and his sons were busy with a sports club, Manuel did 3 terrible.No one saw him and Buck go off on what Buck imagined was a walk.No one saw them arrive at the railway station, 4 Manuel sold Buck to a man who was waiting for him. Manuel put a rope around Bucks neck, under the collar. Buck accepted this 5 he knew Manuel, but when the rope was placed in the 6 (strange)hands, he barked dangerously. And when the rope 7 (fix)around his neck, he started to choke and jumped at the man in anger.The man fought him off and forced Buck 8 (lie)on his back,and fixed the rope even more.Buck had not been treated so 9 (bad)in his life, and never had been so angry.Then his strength gave out and he soon became senseless.He was 10 senseless when the train arrived and the two men threw him into the baggage car. 五应用文写作 （共 1 题；每题 15 分，满分 15 分） 假定你是李华为走进自然，了解文化，增强体质，你校将在暑假期间组织 到泰山进行研学 旅行 （educational excursion。请给你校国际班的 Peter 写封邮件，邀请他参加。 内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.具体安排（例如时间、地点等信息。 3.注意：1)词数 100 左右； 2)增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 答案第 5 页，总 5 页 Dear Peter， Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacation._ _ _ _ _ _ We are eagerly expecting your coming. Yours， Li Hua寒假 1答案 1A 2B 3C 4A 5B 6D 7A 8B 9C 10D 11C 12D 13A 14B 15B 16C 17A 18C 19D 20B 21B 22D 23C 24A 1G 2E 3F 4B 5D 1not 2on 3something 4where 5because 6strangers 7was fixed 8to lie 9badly 10still Dear Peter， Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacationI cant wait to invite you to take part in it As we know，we students are spending most of our time on the campusAs a result，we are almost cut off from the outside worldHopefully，the excursion will provide us a good chance to get closer to nature，which will definitely contribute to our physical and mental healthWhats more，the excursion will surely broaden our horizons by experiencing the local cultures I believe the excursion will be both exciting and rewardingAnd were eagerly expecting your coming Yours， Li Hua
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答案第 1 页，总 5 页 2021 年江苏省高一寒假英语作业年江苏省高一寒假英语作业 1 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds 1 and achievable. But, 2 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 3 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become 4 . They forget what they regard as the boring side of business 5 that the customer remains a customer. 6 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 percent of its customers every year. In constantly changing 7 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any 8 how many customers they have lost. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 9 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 10 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five percent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 11 increases of between 25 and 85 percent. In the US, Dominos Pizza estimates that a 12 customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 13 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 14 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience). The logic behind cultivating customer 15 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 16 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a 17 relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 18 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 19 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 20 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market. 1AsimpleBdifficultCtoughDcomplicated 2Ain particularBin realityCat leastDfirst of all 3AemphasizeBdoubtCoverlookDbelieve 4Acarried awayBcarried backCcarried onDcarried through 5AhesitatingBensuringCarguingDproving 6AMovingBHopingCStartingDFailing 7AmarketsBtastesCpricesDexpenses 8AthoughtBideaCopinionDview 9AcultureBsocialCfinancialDeconomical 10ApromiseBplanCmistakeDdifference 11AcostBopportunityCprofitDbudget 12AusualBordinaryCcommonDregular 13Aas a resultBon the wholeCin conclusionDon the contrary 答案第 2 页，总 5 页 14AhugeBpotentialCextraDreasonable 15AbeliefsBloyaltyChabitsDinterest 16AalteringBunderstandingCkeepingDattracting 17AcloseBdistantCdeepDshallow 18AAssumedBRespectedCEstablishedDUnexpected 19AagreeableBflexibleCfriendlyDsensitive 20AunfairBdifficultCessentialDconvenient 二阅读理解 I came home one day recently and, for reasons I dont quite understand, my living room smelled like my grandmothers house. Suddenly I felt as if I were 12 years old, happy and relaxed, sitting in her kitchen. I can remember what her house looked like, though it was sold 20 years ago her three-level plant stand, the plates lining the walls, the window over her sink but these visual memories dont have the power that smell does. The funny thing is, I cant even begin to describe the odor(气味) that was so distinctively hers. The best I can do is this: “It smelled like my grandmothers house.” Its a common experience, and a common linguistic( 语言学的) problem. In cultures worldwide, people have powerful olfactory memories. This odor-memory link is also called “the Proust phenomenon,” after Marcel Prousts famous description of the feelings aroused by a cake dipped in tea in “Remembrance of Things Past.” Olfactory memories seem to be more closely bound up with emotions than are visual or auditory ones. Not all these memories are pleasant, of course, and smells can also trigger feelings of pain. It is surprisingly hard for English-speakers to describe the odors that occasion such strong emotions, however. English possesses almost no abstract smell words that pick out links or themes among unrelated aromas(芳香). We have plenty of these in the visual field. “Yellow,” for example, identifies a characteristic that bananas, lemons, some cars, some flowers, old book pages, and the sun all share. But for odors, we dont have many more than the vague “musty” (smells old and stale) and “musky” (smells perfumey). We usually have no choice but to say that one thing smells like another like a banana, like garlic, like diesel fuel. A few languages, though, do have a rich odor vocabulary. Linguist Asifa Majid has found that the Jahai, the Semaq Beri, and the Maniq, hunter-gatherer groups in Malaysia and Thailand, employ a wide range of abstract smell words and can identify aromas as easily as we can colors. The Jahai have a word, for example, that describes “the seemingly dissimilar smell of petrol, smoke, bat poop, root of wild ginger and wood of wild mango.” Last year my cat got sprayed by a skunk(臭鼬), and the vet told me to wash its face with coffee to cover the bad smell. Until then, I had never realized that coffee, which I find delicious, smells remarkably like skunk spray, which I do not. Science has identified the chemicals that both share. They are called mercaptans (硫醇). But in oral English, we have no word for the underlying note that connects these two odors. If the Jahai drank coffee and encountered skunks, I bet they would. 21The opening paragraph is mainly intended to . 答案第 3 页，总 5 页 Aexpress the writers affection for his grandmother Bdirect the readers attention to a linguistic problem Ctell us the odor of the grandmothers house stayed the same Dprove smell has a greater power than visual memories 22Which of the following is related to olfactory memories? AForming an image in mind after seeing the word “injury”. BFeeling sympathetic when seeing a sick cat. CDancing to the music upon hearing it played. DMissing fried eggs with garlic cooked by mum. 23The example of the Jahai suggests that . Athe Jahai dont have many words in the visual field BEnglish possesses many vague words like “musty” and “musky” Cthe Jahai has more abstract smell words than English Dskunk and coffee have the same smell, but different functions 24What can we learn from the passage? AThe author feels pity about the limitation of his language. BEnglish has a wide range of visual and odor vocabulary. COlfactory memories can bring nothing but pleasant feelings. DCultures worldwide always collide with each other. 三七选五 The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems. 1 Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isnt strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year. 2 Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire. 3 In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training. Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success education isnt paying off as much as in the past. 4 They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. A March report form the UKs Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 35% in 2011 form less than 27% a decade 答案第 4 页，总 5 页 earlier. 5 Typical is Cairos Ahmed Said. He graduated from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory（义务的）year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice,” he says, “and this is the job that I got.” AYoung graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced workers. BMore and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their skill level. CThey started applying for any positions they could find in other countries. DIn some parts of the world, such jobs are all that is available to college graduates. E. Yet youth unemployment also has common roots throughout the world. F. Those young workers who do find employment are often trapped in awful contracts. G. In much of Western Europe overemphasized labor protection makes it more difficult for youths to land good jobs. 1.____________ 2.___________ 3.___________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 四语法填空 This was Buck in the fall of 1897,when the discovery of gold in the Klondike brought men from everywhere to the frozen north. But Buck did not read the newspapers,and he did not know that Manuel, one of the gardeners helpers, was 1 a good man. Manuel gambled(赌博）and wasted the little money he had. And one time when the Judge was 2 business, and his sons were busy with a sports club, Manuel did 3 terrible.No one saw him and Buck go off on what Buck imagined was a walk.No one saw them arrive at the railway station, 4 Manuel sold Buck to a man who was waiting for him. Manuel put a rope around Bucks neck, under the collar. Buck accepted this 5 he knew Manuel, but when the rope was placed in the 6 (strange)hands, he barked dangerously. And when the rope 7 (fix)around his neck, he started to choke and jumped at the man in anger.The man fought him off and forced Buck 8 (lie)on his back,and fixed the rope even more.Buck had not been treated so 9 (bad)in his life, and never had been so angry.Then his strength gave out and he soon became senseless.He was 10 senseless when the train arrived and the two men threw him into the baggage car. 五应用文写作 （共 1 题；每题 15 分，满分 15 分） 假定你是李华为走进自然，了解文化，增强体质，你校将在暑假期间组织 到泰山进行研学 旅行 （educational excursion。请给你校国际班的 Peter 写封邮件，邀请他参加。 内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.具体安排（例如时间、地点等信息。 3.注意：1)词数 100 左右； 2)增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 答案第 5 页，总 5 页 Dear Peter， Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacation._____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ We are eagerly expecting your coming. Yours， Li Hua寒假 1答案 1A 2B 3C 4A 5B 6D 7A 8B 9C 10D 11C 12D 13A 14B 15B 16C 17A 18C 19D 20B 21B 22D 23C 24A 1G 2E 3F 4B 5D 1not 2on 3something 4where 5because 6strangers 7was fixed 8to lie 9badly 10still Dear Peter， Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacationI cant wait to invite you to take part in it As we know，we students are spending most of our time on the campusAs a result，we are almost cut off from the outside worldHopefully，the excursion will provide us a good chance to get closer to nature，which will definitely contribute to our physical and mental healthWhats more，the excursion will surely broaden our horizons by experiencing the local cultures I believe the excursion will be both exciting and rewardingAnd were eagerly expecting your coming Yours， Li Hua
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