（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第一册英语阅读练习提升与归纳 说明文、议论文专题训练ppt课件.pptx

1、阅读练习提升与归纳阅读练习提升与归纳 说明文、议论文专题训练说明文、议论文专题训练 （月考卷A篇阅读） As you slowly rid your diet of junk food and sweets，youll notice a change: you actually start to like those healthy foods that you once refused. And as you start fueling your body with nutrients and noticing how much better you feel，theres a good c

2、hance youll lose weight，too. Heres how your new healthy eating habits are helping you drop pounds. Drinking water Finally you decided to change those Diet Cokes for water? Its a good decision: drinking more water helps keep your skin and other cells healthy and functioning properly，and drinking enou

3、gh water keeps you from feeling lethargic (无精打采的) and tired. Your new water habit is great for your waistline as well: drinking water helps prevent overeating. Eat more fruits and vegetables Your new weekends todo list that includes a trip to the farmers market to stock (贮备) up on vegetables for the

4、 week isnt just helping you eat more diseasefighting nutrients; loading up on produce is a smart weightloss strategy. Fruits and vegetables are lowcal，highfiber (低卡高纤维) food to stay satisfied and feel full longer. Cooking at home Healthy eating means cooking at home more since youre able to see what

5、 exactly is going into your food and control the amount of salt，sugar and fat in it.Not only does this ensure youre eating the nutrients you need，but youll also save major calories from giving up the large buttery portions (比例) found in many restaurants. If youre new to cooking and need some tips，ju

6、st surf our page and read our advice on how to be a healthy cook. 21.What does the author intend to tell us in the passage? Acan make you . BDont your favorite foods in daily life. CYour choice what your future is. DOnly foods with can make you. （Para 1）And as you start fueling your body with nutrie

7、nts and noticing how much better you feel，theres a good chance youll lose weight，too. Heres how your new are . 22. The benefit of drinking water is _. Ato keep you far from any Bto make you excited Cto what youd prefer take into the body Dto make your strong and healthy Your new water habit is great

8、 for your waistline as well: drinking water helps prevent. 23. Where can we read the passage? AIn a health magazine. BIn a news report. CIn a tour guide. DOn a certain website. If youre new to cooking and need some tips，just surf our page and read our advice on how to be a healthy cook. surf our pag

9、e 在网页上浏览 归纳点1： not in the least 词典 毫无; 毫不，全无; 例句Im not like that at all. Not in the least 我哪里是那种人。绝对不是。 词汇积累： （1）ignore 忽视 （2）determine决定 （3）surf n. 激浪; 拍岸浪花; v.冲浪; 进行冲浪运动; (互联网上)冲浪，漫游，浏览; B are often how well they something they learned as children have never practiced ever since. A man who has not

10、 had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play, catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the

11、poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, extra learning trials (尝试) increase the length of time we will remember

12、it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not

13、 only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception (例外) to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an exami

14、nation, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is real

15、ly necessary for ones future development. 24.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. People remember well what they learned in childhood. B. Children have a better than grown-ups. C. is a good way to learn words. D. are easy to remember. are often how well they something they learned as children ha

16、ve never practiced ever since. 5. The author explains the law of overlearning by _. A. B. C. D. using examples（用例子） In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as , long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little

17、star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. 26. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Commonly accepted rules. B. The multiplication tables. C. Things easily forgotten. D. School subjects. 27. What is the authors opinion on cramming?

18、A. Its helpful only in a limited way. B. It leads to failure in college exams. C. Its possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students learning interest. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination,it may result in a passing grade, is way to learn a college cou

19、rse. C Most people know something about the greenhouse effect. Factories send gases such as carbon dioxide, or CO2, into the atmosphere, the air around the earth. In the past, this wasnt a problem because trees absorbed the CO2. But now people in many countries are cutting down billions of trees all

20、 around the world. At the same time, factories are sending more CO2 into the atmosphere. Its difficult to believe, but factories put billions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. One ton is over 2000 pounds, so it is a lot of pollution. There is too much CO2 and there arent enough trees, s

21、o the world is getting warmer. In other words, we have a greenhouse effect. This is terrible for the environment. What can we do about this? First, we can stop using so much coal and oil. We can learn to use different kinds of energy: the sun, wind, steam from volcanoes, and heat from inside the ear

22、th. Second, instead of cutting down trees, we should plant more trees. One tree can absorb ten pounds of carbon dioxide every year. The trees are good for the earths atmosphere and for Guatemala (拉丁美 洲国家危地马拉).In small towns and villages in Guatemala, most women are poor and have hard lives. Trees he

23、lp them in three ways. First, the Connecticut factories pay them to plant the trees. Their pay is com, not money. The com is good for their children. Second, these women know a lot about their environment. They know where to plant when to plant, and what kinds of trees to plant. For example，they pla

24、nt many fruit trees. The fruit gives them vitamins for their families s diets. Other trees are good for firewood. In a few years, the women wont spend so much time looking for firewood. Third, all these trees are good for the soil. Now rain cant wash the soil down from the mountains so easily. This

25、plan isnt enough to stop the greenhouse effect. However, its a start. The woman of Guatemala are helping themselves and helping their environment. 28.Which of the following statement is? A.Factories send more CO2 into the atmosphere. B.Trees cant absorb the same CO2 as they did in the past. C.Billio

26、ns of trees are being cut down throughout the world. D.The greenhouse effect is extremely bad for the environment. 排除法 寻找正确的，剩下的是错误的 29.Whats the main idea of the second paragraph? A.The reasons why we should plant more trees. B.Ways we can adopt to take heat from volcanoes. C.Measures to be taken t

27、o forbid the use of coal and oil. D.Things we can do to stop or reduce the greenhouse effect. What can we do about this? we can stop using so much coal and oil. We can learn to use different kinds of energy: the sun, wind, steam from volcanoes, and heat from inside the earth. instead of cutting down

28、 trees, we should plant more trees. One tree can absorb ten pounds of carbon dioxide every year. 30.How does planting trees help improve womens lives in Guatemala? A.By preventing the greenhouse effect. B.By developing their skills of planting trees. C.By enabling them to earn more money to support

29、their family. D.By making them get com and fruit to feed their family in return. most women are poor and have hard lives. Trees help them in three ways. First, the Connecticut factories pay them to plant the trees. Their pay is com, not money. The com is good for their children. Second, these women

30、know a lot about their environment. They know where to plant when to plant, and what kinds of trees to plant. For example，they plant many fruit trees. The fruit 31.Whats the authors attitude towards the plan of planting trees in Guatemala? A.Critical. C. Positive. B.Neutral. D. Doubtful. A.Critical.

31、 批判的 B.Neutral. 中性的 C. Positive. 积极的 D. Doubtful. 怀疑的 D Germans have a word “wanderlust” which translated into English would be “the desire to wander”. Nowadays the chance to travel is endless. Thanks to cheap air tickets, travelling abroad is very easy and sometimes its even cheaper to fly out of t

32、he country than to travel within your own. So, yes, travelling is cheap but there have to be other reasons to travel and youre right. There are plenty of reasons! I have always had this feeling of wanderlust. It started from me wanting to explore my local woods at the back of my garden as a young gi

33、rl and as I have grown, so has my sense of adventure. And I found my local woods being replaced with the Brazil wetland, Pantanal, where I went last summer in search of jaguars, snakes and crocodiles. The thing with travelling is that its always different. Even if you went to the same country, to th

34、e same town and stayed in exactly the same hotel, it would be a completely different experience. The people you meet will be different, and they will tell you their own travelling stories: stories of holiday romances, holiday worries and stories that seem so outrageous that you can hardly believe th

35、em until something similar happens to you. Or maybe the difference is you? Maybe you have changed since last time you were there? And thats the thing with travellingit changes you. When you travel you are forced to experience a new culture. Whether its eating a guinea pig, or staying with a family w

36、here neither of you speak a common language and you have to communicate through hand actions and smiles, the experience gives me itchy feet to do it all again. And although wanderlust is a German word, the English idiom “to have itchy feet” has a similar idea. Someone who has itchy feet needs to lea

37、ve or travel. This desire to explore is found not only in language but in us. 32. According to Paragraph 2, what is the most important part of travelling? A. Having different experiences. B. Hearing many travelling stories. C. Experiencing holiday romances. D. Taking more adventures. 33. The underli

38、ned word “outrageous” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_” A. interesting B. surprising C. moving D. disappointing The people you meet will be different, and they will tell you their own travelling stories: stories of holiday romances, holiday worries and stories that seem so outrageous that you can ha

39、rdly believe them until something similar happens to you. 34. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Staying with a family without common languages. B. Communicating through hand actions and smiles. C. Eating a guinea pig with a family. D. Experiencing a different culture. 35

40、. The writer wrote the passage in order to _. A. give various reasons for travelling B. encourage people to travel abroad C. explain the German word “wanderlust” D. share the writers travelling experiences 1 It is surprising that, although disease is such a big problem in Africa, the majority of med

41、ical research happens in Europe. Genetic(基因的) research in a continent where genetic diversity is high, like Africa, can give us a better understanding of why people get certain diseases. 2 A new study helps us understand genetic distinctions in different regions and groups of people. It also shows h

42、ow humans moved across Africa thousands of years ago. This study took around two and a half years to complete. A team of scientists worked with doctors and experts across Africa and took genetic samples from 1,481 people from 18 groups in central and southern Africa. 3 Imagine a bottle filled with l

43、ittle stones. All the stones are different shapes, colors and sizes. One or two fall out, move to different places and create new stones that look the same. The stones left in the bottle are Africas population, which is why Africa has the most diverse population in the world. The one or two stones t

44、hat fell out and created new stones are the populations of other parts of the world. They are less diverse. This is what happened about 80 to 100 thousand years ago, when some people left Africa and travelled to Europe and Asia. 4 Many events in history have joined different groups together and chan

45、ged the genetic map of the continent. One of the biggest events happened with a language group in Africa called the Bantu. Around 70 percent of Africans belong to this group. They were farmers who moved across Africa around 5,000 years ago. When they moved, they often mixed with local people. Geneti

46、c research also shows that some Europeans and Asians might have moved back to Africa 9,000 years ago. 5 One of the main results of the study is that large genetic research projects in Africa that dont cost too much money have been made possible. More studies could help us understand different diseas

47、es better, but this might take a long time. It may be half a century before we can get direct health benefits, but starting the investment in this research now could have big benefits, too. If we understand the genetic map of Africa, we can understand diseases that affect Africans better. And this m

48、eans we can start to develop better ways of helping the people of Africa. 1.The underlined word distinction” in Paragraph 2 probably means _”. A. change B. creation C. reform D. difference A 语篇解读 本文为说明文,主要讲述了非洲是疾病的高发地,对非洲的人口组 成以及基因多样化的原因迚行了说明。 1.D词义猜测题。根据后文in different regions and groups of people”可

49、知,一 项新的研究帮助我们了解丌同地区和人群的基因差异。 2. The example of a bottle filled with little stones” is used to _. A. show how new populations are created during the process B. illustrate why Africa has a large population in the world C. explain why Africas population is the most diverse in the world D. explain why some people left Africa and travelled to Europe and Asia 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段中Imagine a bottle filled with little stones .which is why Africa has the most diverse population in the world.” 可知,用一个装满石头的瓶子的例子是为了说明非洲人口是世界上最多样化的。 3. Which factors have mainly influenced