(2021新教材)牛津译林版必修第一册英语第一单元 词汇讲解 ppt课件.pptx
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1、2020版 译林牛津高中新教材 Unit One Word list 1. Potential a potential leader 可能成为领导者的人 exploit/fulfil/realize ones potential 发掘发挥/认识自己的潜力 2. Senior He is ten years senior to me. 他比我大十岁. senior and junior officers. 高级军官和下级军官 (often 常作 Senior, abbr 缩写 Sen) (placed immediately after sbs name 置於 姓名之後) being the p
2、arent of sb with the same name (父或母与子女同名情 况下的)父或母: John Brown Senior 老约翰.布朗. student in the year before graduation from a high school or college (中学或 大学的)毕业班的学生: attrib 作定语 her senior year at college 她在大学毕 业班那一年. 1、大学一年级学生:freshman 2、大学二年级学生:sophomore 3、大学 三年级学生:junior4、大学四年级学生:senior 1. path A lane
3、 is a narrow country road. *lane是乡间小径. A path or footpath is a way marked out for people to walk along, between houses in a town or across fields, beside rivers, etc in the country. *path或footpath是市镇中住宅之间或郊野中穿 越田地 沿河等有标志的人行道. A track is a rough path in the country, often not officially marked, but m
4、ade by the constant passing of people, animals or vehicles. *track指郊野土路, 常无正式标志, 仅为人 动物或车辆走得多而形 成者. Lane and track can also refer to the separate parts of a road (lane) or railway (track) separating cars or trains passing in opposite directions or overtaking *lane和track还可指分开来自对面车辆或供超车用的部分路面, 公路 用lan
5、e, 铁路用track: a six-lane motorway 有六条行车线的高速公路 * a double- track railway line 双轨铁路线. Runners in an athletics stadium run in individual lanes. 在田径运动场上赛跑的人有各自的lane. *The whole area they run on is called the track. 进行赛跑的整个地段称为track. challenge 1 / tlnd; tlnd/ n (to sb) (to do sth) accept a challenge 发出接受挑
6、战. (to sth)difficult, demanding or stimulating task 艰巨的 高难度的或有激励性 的任务:Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government. 缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要 Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t sb (to sth要求某人做某事(尤指参加竞赛或证明某事正当): She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求这家报纸证实报道的真 实性. Tn
7、怀疑(某事)的真实性正确性或有效性; 提出异议: challenge sbs right to do sth 怀疑某人是否有权力做某 This new discovery challenges traditional beliefs. 这项新的发现对传统观念提出 了异议. Tn test the ability of (sb); stimulate 考验(某人)的能力; 激励; 鞭策: The job doesnt really challenge him. 这项工作不能真正考验 他. challenger n person who challenges, esp in sport 提出竞争要
8、求的人 (尤指体育运动中); 挑战者. challenging adj offering problems that test sbs ability; stimulating (为考验某人的能力)提出难题的; 激励的; 挑战的: a challenging job, test, assignment, etc 激励人的工作 考验 任 务等. positive / pztv; pztv/ adj 明确的指示 命令 规定等 * We have no positive proof of her guilt. 我们没有她犯罪的确切证据. (about sth/that.) (指人)有把握的, 确信的
9、: Are you absolutely positive that it was after midnight? 你是否有绝对把握认为那事是在午夜以後发生的? (a) 有助益的; 建设性的提出有益的建议 意见等 * Try to be more positive in dealing with the problem. 对解决该问题再积极一些. (b) 自信的; 乐观的: a positive attitude, feeling, etc 乐观的态度 情绪等 * positive thinking, ie a determined mental attitude that helps one
10、 achieve success 必胜的思想. (of the results of a test or an experiment) indicating that a substance is present (指试验或实验的结 果)表明存在某物质的, 阳性的: The tests proved positive. 试验结果呈阳性 (mathematics 数) (of a quantity) greater than zero (指数量)正的: a positive number 正数 * the positive sign (+) 正号. containing or producing
11、 the type of electrical charge produced by rubbing glass with silk 正电的; 正极 的: a positive charge 正电荷 * the positive terminal of a battery, ie the one through which electric current leaves the battery 电池的正极端子. 反义词 negative lie 2 / la; la/ v (pt lay / le; le/, pp lain / len; len/, pres p lying) 躺,在 lie
12、 1 / la; la/ v (pt, pp lied, pres p lying) 撒谎 lay 1 / le; le/ v (pt, pp laid / led; led/) 放放 rise 2 / raz; raz/ v (pt rose / ruz; roz/, pp risen / rzn;rzn/) rise to the occasion, challenge, task, etc prove oneself able to deal with an unexpected situation, problem, etc 有随机应变 克服困难 完成任 务等的能力. raise vt
13、.饲养;举起;建造(房子);使增加;增强;提高;栽培;繁殖 Rise I, Ipr, Ip, In/pr上升 The river has risen (by) several metres. 河水上涨了好几米 I (fml 文) (躺 坐或跪後)起立, 起身; 起床: accustomed to rising early 习惯於早起 He rose (in order) to welcome me. 他起身欢迎我 Rise n (a) 上升; 升起; 进展; 振兴: the rise and fall of the British Empire 大英帝国的兴衰. (b) increase in
14、 amount, number or intensity (金额 数量或强度的)增加: a rise in the price of meat, the value of the dollar, the average temperature 肉类价格的 上涨 美元的升值 平均温度的增高. 斜坡; 小山; 岗; 丘: At the top of the rise they paused for a rest. 他们在小山 的顶部停下来休息. * a (Brit) (US raise) increase (in wages) (工资的)增加: demand a rise (in wages) f
15、rom next October 要求从下个十月份起增加工资. (idm 习语) give rise to sth (fml 文) cause sth 引起 导致某事物: Her disappearance gave rise to the wildest rumours. 她失踪一事引起了各种流 言蜚语. acquire / kwa(r); kwar/ v Tn (a) gain (sth) by ones own ability, efforts or behaviour (靠自己的能 力 努力或行为而)获得, 得到(某事物): acquire a good knowledge of En
16、glish, an antique painting, a taste for brandy, a reputation for dishonesty 学好英语 得到一幅古画 学会喝白兰地酒 得到不诚实 的名声. acquisition / kwzn; kwzn/ n U action of acquiring 获得; 得到: the acquisition of antiques, knowledge, a fortune 获得古董 知识 财富. Effort 努力 He must put more effort into his work. 他必须更加努力工作. effortless ad
17、j needing no or little effort 不需努力的; 不费力的: She plays with seemingly effortless skill. 她演奏得似乎毫不费力. effortlessly adv. effortlessness n U. Effect n 影响 effect / fekt; fkt/ n C, U (on sb/sth) 效应; 结果; 後果: The film had quite an effect on them. Affect v. 影响 Their opinion will not affect my decision. 他们的意见不会
18、影响我的决定. Advance advance 1 / dvns; US -vns; dvns/ n recent advances in medical science 医学上的新进展. 预付; 预支; 借贷: The bank gave/made her an advance of 500. 银行贷给她 500英镑. (idm 习语) in advance (of sth) beforehand; ahead in time 预先; 事先; 事 前:The rent must be paid in advance. 租金须预付. Its impossible to know in adva
19、nce what will happen. 预知未来发生的事是不可能的. advance adj attrib 作定语 预先做好的; 预先供给的: give sb advance warning/notice of sth 对某事物给 某人预先警告通知 * make an advance booking, ie reserve a hotel room, a seat in a theatre, etc before the time when it is needed 预定(旅馆房间 戏 票等) advance 2 / dvns; US -vns; dvns/ v (a) I, Ipr, I
20、n/pr (on/towards sb/sth) 前进: Our troops have advanced two miles. 我们的部队已经前进了两英里. (b) I (fig 比喻) make progress 进步: advance in ones career 在事业上进步 Tn 向前移动或推进(某人某事物): The general advanced his troops at night. 将军夜晚将部队向前推进. Tn 促进(某事物); 推动(某人 计划等): Such conduct is unlikely to advance your interests. 这种行为对你可
21、不大有利. Tn (fml 文) 作出, 提出(要求 建议等): Scientists have advanced a new theory to explain this phenomenon. 科学家已提出一种新理论来解释这一现象. Tn, Tn.pr 提前; 提早: The date of the meeting was advanced from 10 to 3 June. 会议日期已由6月10日提前到6月3日. Cf 参看 postpone 1. advanced adj 1 在生命或进程中远远在前的: be advanced in years 年事已高 She died at an
22、 advanced age. 她活到高龄才去世. 2 非初步的; 高深的; 高等的: advanced studies 高深的研究. 3 新的而尚未被普遍接受的; 先进的; 先驱的; 超前的: have advanced ideas 有先进的思想. # advanced credit (also advanced standing) (US) credit given by one college for courses taken at another 跨校学分(大专院校对学生在其它院校所学 课程给予的学分). Advanced level (also A level / e levl; e
23、 lvl/) (in Britain) higher level in the General Certificate of Education examinations (英国普通教育文凭考试中 的)高级程度. Amazing amaze / mez; mez/ v Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态 fill (sb) with great surprise or wonder 使(某人)惊异或惊奇: He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇. * We were amazed at/by the
24、change in his appearance. 他的样子变得使我们大为惊讶. * She was amazed/It amazed her that he was still alive. 他居然还活着使她感到惊异. amazement n U: He looked at me in amazement. 他惊愕地看着我. * I heard with amazement that. 我听到.大为吃惊. amazing adj (usu approv 通常作 褒义): an amazing speed, player, feat 令人惊异的速度 表演者 事迹 * I find it ama
25、zing that you cant swim. 你不会游泳可使我大吃一惊. amazingly adv: Shes amazingly clever. 她出奇地聪明. amazed /mezd/ extremely surprised: She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident. Amazing Amazed Surprising Surprised Exciting Excited Boring Bored Moving Moved Interesting interested Confidence Confident D
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