人教版九年级全册英语 Unit12知识点+练习（无答案）.doc

1、1 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected 重点重点 理解并掌握过去完成时的用法 难点难点 alive, living 与 live 的用法 易错点易错点 forget 及 leave 的用法 高频考点高频考点 by the time 作连词引导时间状语从句： 1.当从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完时； 2.当从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时或将来完成时。 miss v. 错过，未得到； unexpected adj. 出乎意料的； block n. 街区 worker n. 工作者 stare v. 盯着看，凝视 disbelief n. 不信，怀疑 a

2、bove adv. 在上面 burn v. 着火；燃烧； alive adj. 活着的；有生气的； airport n. 飞机场 till conj. Prep. 直到 west adv. 向西 cream n. 奶油，乳脂； pie n. 果馅饼； 2 bean n. 豆荚； market n. 集市； fool n, 蠢人，傻瓜；v.愚弄； costume n. 服装，装束； embarrassed adj. 窘迫的；害羞的； announce v. 宣布 spaghetti n. 意大利面条 hoax n. 骗局；恶作剧 discovery n. 发现，发觉; lady n. 女士 ca

3、ncel v. 取消，终止； officer n. 军官 believable adj. 可相信的，可信任的； disappear v. 消失；不见； embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的。 backpack n. 背包，旅行包； oversleep v. 睡过头； take a shower 洗浴 leave my backpack at home 把背包忘在家里 get back to school 返回学校 start teaching 开始教学 go off 响铃 rush out the door 冲出房门 give sb a lift 捎某人一程 miss both ev

4、ents 错过两个事件 full of unexpected 充满着不可预知性 be about to do sth 正要做某事 stare in disbelief at 难以置信地盯着. jump out of bed 跳下床 collect the math homework 收数学作业 complete the work for my boss 完成老板的工作 make the apple pie 制作苹果馅饼 show up 赶到,出现 get dressed 紧张 hand in homework 上交作业 costume party 化装舞会 take place 发生 play

5、 all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other 相互 开各种玩笑 sell out 卖完，售完 lose weight 减肥 by the end of that day 到那天结束时 end up 以结束 get married 结婚 have a happy ending 有一个幸福的结局 fear spread across the whole country 恐惧席卷整个国家 the unluckiest day of my life 一生中最不幸的一天 head west 向西行驶 turn around 调头 make an unexpec

6、ted discovery 作一个出乎意料的发现 cancel the plan 取消计划 第一部分第一部分：词汇词汇精讲精讲 1. by the time 到到时候时候 【拓展】 by the time 作连词引导时间状语从句， 3 当从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时； 当从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时或将来完成时。 By the time he was ten, Tom built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十岁的时候，汤姆自己建了一个化学实验室。 Ill be in bed by the time you get home. 你到家时，我已经上床睡觉了

7、。 2. above 的用法的用法 The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。 点睛提示点睛提示 above 一、作介词 1. 在.上面 The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。 2. 在.之上,超过 They are children above six years old.他们是六岁以上的孩子。 3. 高于;优于;胜过 In the company, Dick ranks above Tom.在公司里,迪克的地位比汤姆高。 4. 不屑于;不致于 He considered himself above doi

8、ng such things. 他自认为是不会去做那种事的。 二、作副词 在上面;向上面 There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。 2. (级别、数目等)更高;更大;更多 Men and women of eighteen and above are eligible to vote.年龄在十八岁以上的男女有投票表决权。 3. 在上文 See the examples given above.见上述例子。 三、作名词 1. 上文;上述事实 In addition to all of the above, she won a Prize in 1980.除上

9、述外,她还在 1980 年获奖。 4 3. alive adj. 活着的；有生气的；活着的；有生气的； 【拓展】 辨别 alive, living, live 1. alive 主要用作表语（有时可用作后置定语，但不用作前置定语） ，可用于人或动物。如：He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。 注：若 alive 本身有修饰语，则也可用作前置定语。如：He is a really alive student. 他的确是一个十分 活跃的学生。 2. living 可用作表语或定语，可用于人或物。如： Are your grandparents still living？ 你

10、的祖父母还健在吗？ alive 和 living 表示“活着的”，两者含义很接近，只要句法适合，有时可互换。如：谁是当代最伟大 的诗人？ 正：Who is the greatest living poet？ 正：Who is the greatest poet alive？ 若需严格区分，两者仍有差别：living 通常是客观描述某人“尚在人间”或“健在”，而 alive 则主要指 生与死的“界限”。如：He was still alive when I reached the hospital. 当我赶到医院时他还活着。 3. live 通常只用作定语（前置） ，可用于动物或植物，但一般不用

11、于人。如： He bought some live fish. 他买了几条活鱼。 Only a few live trees were left after the fire. 火灾之后只剩下几棵树还活着 4. empty v. 排空；倒出排空；倒出 adj.空的；空闲的空的；空闲的 He emptied his tool bag. 他腾出自己的工具袋。 She emptied the box. 她倒空了箱子。 【拓展】 作形容词，常用表语或定语，此时其反义词是 full。 He took his empty coffee cup back to the counter. 他把空咖啡杯送回到柜

12、台。 We walked in the empty street. 我们走在空旷的街上。 5. marry v.嫁，娶；与嫁，娶；与结婚结婚 marry 常用于以下结构： 1.A marry B 意为“A 与 B 结婚；A 娶/嫁给 B” 。 Jane is going to marry John. 简就要嫁给约翰了。 2.A and B get married=A and B are married=A be/get married to B，意为“A 和 B 结婚” 。 Lucy and Leo got married last week. 露西和利奥上周结婚了。 5 3.marry A

13、to B 意为“把 A 嫁给 B 或给 A 娶 B” 。 He married his son to a rich girl.他给儿子娶了一个有钱的女子。 【拓展】 1.marry 为短暂性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。be married 是系表结构，表示状 态，和表示一段时间的状语连用。 【例句】 They got married three years ago. =They have been married for three years. =It has been three years since they got married. 他们结婚三年了。 2.marri

14、ed 作表语是介词要用 to，不用 with，即 be/get married to sb。 【例句】 Willis was married to actress Demi Moore from 1987 until 1998. 1987-1998 年威利斯曾与女演员黛米摩尔结婚 6. sell out 卖完；卖完； 售光售光 This kind of shoes are sold out. 这种鞋全卖光了。 The book you ask for are all sold out.你要的书都卖完了。 7. by the end of by the end of 意为“到末为止” ，其后只能

15、接时间，可用于将来时或过去完成时。例如： Were going to finish it by the end of this week. 到本周末，我们将完成这项工作。 【拓展】 (1) at the end of 意为“在末端，在尽头” ，可以表示时间，也可以表示地点。例如： at the end of January 在一月底 （表示时间） at the end of the street 在街道末端（表示地点） (2) in the end 意为“最后，终于” ，相当于 at last，finally，其后不能接 of 短语。例如： Our team beat theirs in th

16、e end. 最后，我们队战胜了他们队。 8. disappear disappear 是动词，意为“消失，消散”。其反义词是 appear, 意为“出现”。例如： Dont disappear again. 不要再突然消失了。 Some animals are disappearing because of hunting. 6 一些动物因滥捕而濒临灭绝。 A woman appeared at the end of the street. 一位妇女出现在街道的尽头。 9. go off go off 意为“发出响声”。例如： My alarm clock didnt go off. 我的闹

17、钟没有响。 The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。 【拓展】 （1）go off 还有“离开，出发”等意。例如： Do go off the main road, or youll be lost. 不要离开大路，否则会迷路的。 （2）go off 还表示“变质”。例如： This milk has gone off. 牛奶变坏了。 10. take off take off 意为“起飞” 。例如： When will the plane take off? 飞机什么时候起飞？ 【拓展】 (1) take off 还可作“脱下”讲，反义词组为 put on，意为“穿上” 。例如

18、： Put on your clothes. Dont take them off. 把衣服穿上，别脱下。 (2) 常见的含有 take 的词组： take turns 轮流 take away 拿走 take out 拿出，取出 take over 接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take care 当心，注意 take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take it easy 别紧张 11. oversleep oversleep 意为“睡过头”，它的过去式和过去分词都是overslept。例如： I overslept and missed the scho

19、ol bus. 我睡过了头，没赶上学校班车。 【拓展】 某些词前缀over，表示“超过, 优越, 过度等”。 overage 过老的 overtime 超出时间的 overwork 过度工作 7 overdo 做得过分 I think the work is overdone. 我觉得这工作做过头了。 She overdressed herself today. 她今天打扮过头了。 12. leave leave作动词，意为“离开(某处)”，常与for连用，后接要去的地方。leave的过去式和过去分词都是left。 例如： He is leaving for Beijing next week

20、. 他下周打算离开去北京。 Mr. Smith left the room at two oclock. 史密斯先生两点离开房间。 【拓展】 （1）leave还意为“离开(某人)的身边;离弃”。例如： Her husband has left her. 她的丈夫把她遗弃了。 （2）动词短语leave something at/in 表示地点的名词，意为“把某物忘在某地”。例如： I left my key at home. 我把钥匙忘在家里了。 Tom left his English book at school, so he didnt do his homework. 汤姆把英语书落在学

21、校了，所以没有做英语作业。 （3) leave还意为“听任,使处于某种状态”。例如： He left the windows open. 他让窗子开着。 【辨析】 leave和forget leave和forget两者都是动词，都含有“忘记” 的意思。表示把某物“落在某地方”用leave，如果无具 体地点，则用forget。例如： He said that he had left his book in the classroom. 他说他把书落在教室里了。 I never forget her. 我永远也忘不了她。 13. show up show up动词短语，意为“出席，露面”。例如：

22、Most of people invited didnt show up. 被邀请的人大部分还未到。 To my surprise, she failed to show up. 令我吃惊的是，她未能出席。 【拓展】 show的常用短语： （1）show sb. around 带某人参观 例如： 8 Ill show you around so that you can meet everyone. 我会带你到各处看看,好让你和大家见见面。 （2）show off 炫耀 例如： Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girl

23、s. 那些男孩们老向女孩卖弄他们的运动技巧。 （3）show sb. sth. 把某物展示给某人看 例如： My friend showed me a picture book. 我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的图册。 （4）on show 陈列，展出 例如： The photographs are on show at the museum until October. 照片在博物馆展出到十月。 14. keep （1) keep 用作及物动词，意为“保存；保留；保守”。例如： Could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存这些信吗？ Ill

24、keep a seat for you. 我给你留个座位。 Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密吗？ （2) keep 用作连系动词,后常接表语形容词，意为“保持处于某种状态”。 例如： You must look after yourself and keep healthy. 你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。 She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必须保持镇静。 （3）keep 的常用句型： 1) keep doing sth. 意为 “继续干某事”，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。例如： He kept working all

25、 day, because he wanted to finish the work on time. 他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。 2）keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。 例如： The pupil kept on asking me the same question. 这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。例如： 3) keep.from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止做某事”。例如： The heavy snow kept us from going out. 大雪阻止了我们出去。 9 【词汇精练】【词汇精练】 I.根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。根

26、据句意及首字母提示补全句子。 1. Set your alarm clock, and you wont o_. 2. When I got to school, I r _I had left my backpack at home. 3. U_, by the time I got there, the bus had already left. 4. L_, my friend Tom and his dad came by in his dads car and they gave me a ride. 5. Sally i_ me to her birthday party. Its

27、 at her house on Saturday. 6. In 1938, a radio program a_ that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. 7. Life is full of the u_. 8. He was going to meet me earlier but he didnt s_ up when I got there. 9. Jim d_ and nobody heard of him. 10. Im really e_ to be laughed in public. II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。用所

28、给单词的适当形式填空。 1.I _（stay）up last night and I am really _now. ( exhaust ) 2. I _ (wait) for the bus when she called me. 3. I felt _in that _joke. ( embarrass ) 4. Scientists have to read the_ information in science books.(late) 5. Do you know that your bike is _ (break)? 6. Dont _ (foolish) anyone in y

29、our class, because none of them are fools. 7. My mother asked me to go the front door and check if it is _ (lock). 8. She told me she _(be) to Sanya. III. 选用同义词填空。选用同义词填空。 (1）用 leave 或 forget 的正确形式填空。 1. I _ his address. 2. I _ his address on the desk yesterday. 3. She mustnt _ the letter on the tab

30、le. 4. He _ telling her about it. 5. Would you like to _ a message for him? (2) 用 whole 或 all 填空。 6. The teacher said, “Forty is a _ number.” 7. Her _ homework was finished with the help of the teacher. 10 8. _ her homework was finished with the help of the teacher. 9. He spent _ the day doing the w

31、ork. 10. He spent the _day doing the work. IV. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。 1. He was standing _ the door. 2. I was waiting for the school bus but it didnt come. Then I it was Saturday. 3. He was going to meet me earlier but he didnt . 4. I started walking, but I knew I could not get to the

32、factory_. 5. On my way to work, my car_, so I had to ask for a ride. 6._I got there, they had finished the work 第二部分：重点句型第二部分：重点句型 1.Life is full of the unexpected. be full of 意为“充满” ，相当于 be filled with。例如： The glass is full of water.=The glass is filled with water. 杯子里装满了水。 The classroom is full of

33、 different boys and girls. 教室里挤满了不同的男孩女孩。 2. And by the time I got up , my brother had already gotten in the shower. （1）by the time的意思是“到时间为止”，强调时间的截止，引导时间状语从句。By the time过 去的时间，主句一般用过去完成时，表示在从句谓语动作前已经完成。例如： By the time I got there, the bus had already left. 不晚于我到那里时，公共汽车已经开走了。 （2）当时间状语为by the end o

34、f last month/year/week时，主句也用过去完成时。例如： By the end of last month we had learned 20 English songs. 到上一个月我们已经学习了20首英语歌曲。 【拓展】 （1）过去完成时的概念： 过去完成时表示一个动作或者状态在过去某一个时间或者动作之前已经完成或结束，也可以说是“过 realize, show up, close to, on time, break down, by the time 11 去的过去”。 它的结构是： had动词的过去分词， had用于各种人称和数， 即had没有人称和数的变化。 （2

35、）过去完成时的否定和疑问句式： 过去完成时的否定句是在 had 的后面直接加 not；过去完成时的一般疑问句是直接把 had 移到句首。 它的肯定回答是：Yes, I had. 否定回答是：No, I hadnt. 例如： He hadnt finished his homework before I came back. 在我回来之前，他没有完成作业。 Had you finished your homework by the time your mother came back? 到你妈妈回来的时候，你完成你的家庭作业了吗？ Yes，I had. 是的，完成了。 3. What happe

36、ned to Dave on April Fools Day? （1）happen 是不及物动词，意思是“发生”，和动词短语 take place 是同义词。它们共同特点是： 都 是不及物动词，没有被动语态形式；都是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。它们的不 同点是：happen 是表示偶然性的、出乎意料之外的事情发生；take place 表示必然性的发生或者计划、 策划好的事情发生。例如： What happened to you on the road yesterday? 昨天晚上你在路上发生什么事情？ Great changes have taken place in Ch

37、ina since 1978. 自 1978 年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 (2) happen 构成的动词短语有：happen to somebody 表示“(某事)发生在某人的身上”。happen to do somethingdo something by accident 表示“偶然做某事”的意思。例如： An accident happened to him after drinking too much. 他喝醉酒之后发生了一场事故。 I happened to meet your mother yesterday. 昨天我偶然遇见你的妈妈。 4. Welles made it s

38、ound so real that hundreds of people believed the story so.that意思是“如此以至于”，中间用形容词或者副词，so修饰词形容词或副词，形容词后 一般没有名词，that的后面是表示结果的状语从句。而同义短语such.that的中间有名词，such修饰此 名词。例如： Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him. 我们的老师是如此好心以至于我们都喜欢他。 12 He runs so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him. 他跑

39、得那么快，我们班没有人能追上他。 It is such an interesting film that all of us like it. 它是一部如此有兴趣的电影以至于我们都喜欢它。 He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees. 他的胳膊很长，几乎就能够到他的膝盖。 【注意】 如果名词前的形容词是表示数量的few、little、many、much仍要用so修饰。例如： There are so many people in the room that we could not get in. 房间里那么多的人，我们

40、都进不去。 【拓展】 so that意思是“以便于、为了”，引导表示目的的状语从句。例如： We got up early this morning so that we can catch the first bus. 我们今天早上起床很早是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车。 5. As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard as 是连词，意为“当时候” ，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事发生的过程中 另一件事发生；或某事一发生，另一件事立即发生。例如： We walked into the garden as

41、 the music stopped. 音乐声一停，我们就走进了花园。 【拓展】 as 的用法颇多，现将所学的其他用法归纳如下： (1) as 作连词： 1) “像一样、如” ，常用于比较状语从句或方式状语从句。例如： I cant run as fast as I used to. 我跑得不如过去那样快。 You must do everything as I do. 你必须按照我做的那样去做每件事。 2) “因为，既然” ，引导原因状语从句。例如： As we are both tired, lets stop to have a rest. 既然我们都累了，让我们停下来休息会吧。 3)

42、“正如，照方法” ，常引导非限制性定语从句。例如： As we all know, the earth travels around the sun. 众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。 (2) as 作介词，意为“好像；作为、当作” 。例如： 13 I work in Beijing as a guider 我在北京当导游。 6. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home. 当她到学校时，她意识到她把背包忘在家里了。当她到学校时，她意识到她把背包忘在家里了。 【短语】表示“把某物忘在某处”要用词组 l

43、eave sth in a place。 【比较】forget 意为“遗忘某物” ，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。 I forgot my umbrella yesterday .我昨天忘了带伞。 Dont forget the cases. 别忘了带箱子。 7. Last Friday night, my friend invited me to his birthday party. 上周五晚上，我朋友邀请我参加他的生日晚会。上周五晚上，我朋友邀请我参加他的生日晚会。 【剖析】 invite sb to a place（或一活动、聚会） 意为“邀请某人到某一地方或参加某一活动”

44、 ； 而 invite sb to do sth 意为“邀请某人做某事” 。 【句式精练】【句式精练】 I. 根据汉语提示，用过去完根据汉语提示，用过去完成时，完成句子成时，完成句子。 1.By ten yesterday evening,_（她完成了写作). 2.Before you borrowed the book, _(你曾经读过它吗)? 3.She asked if _(刘先生已经离开). 4._(天已经停止下雨) when I woke up this morning. 5. By the time I got back to school, _（电话已经响了）. 6. When

45、I got home,_(我意识到我把我的钥匙落在车里了). 7. By the time I got home, _(她已经睡了). 8. By the evening_(消息已传遍全球). II. 按要求完成下列句子。按要求完成下列句子。 1. The League was founded in Guangzhou in 1922(对划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ the League_? 2. Kate looked after the baby well yesterday evening(变为被动语态) The baby_ _ _ well by Kate yesterday eve

46、ning 3. His sister had already read some books before she went to school. (改为否定句) His sister _ _ _ books _ before she went to the school. 4. He has already had breakfast. (改为一般疑问句) 14 _he had breakfast_? 5. The story was very interesting. I could never forget it. (合并为一句) The story was _interesting_

47、I could never forget it. 6. She said, “I have read the book.”(改为含宾语从句的复合句) She said that _ 7. She was too excited about the game. She stayed up very late. (合并为一句 8. Has she visited the Great wall? I didnt know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句 I didnt know _she_ _the Great Wall. III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。根据汉语提示，完成句子。 1. 昨天他让我搭便车去长城。 He _ _ _ _in his car to the Great Wall. 2.不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。 I soon _that I _ _a serious mistake. 3. 这本书是用简单的英语写成的，连初学者都能看懂。 The book is written _ _ _ _that beginners can understand it. 4. 我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶，但最后他还是爬上去了。 I thought he would be_ _ _ get to the top of the mountain