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类型人教版九年级全册英语 Unit6知识点+练习(无答案).doc

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    1、1 Unit6 When was it invented ? 重点重点 When was the telephone invented? I think it was invented in 1876. What are they used for? They are used for seeing in the dark. Who were they invented by? They were invented by Julie Thompson. 难点难点 1. 一般过去时态的被动语态 2. 掌握并应用以下重点词汇及短语 our daily lives 我们的日常生活 have a po

    2、int 有点道理 by accident 偶然,意外地 over the open fire 在火堆上 fall into the water 落入水中 take place 发生 without doubt 毫无疑问 at a low price 以一个很低的价格 translate the book into different language 把书翻译成不同种的语言 all of sudden 突然 by mistake 错误地 a much-loved and active sport 一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动 divideinto 把分开 易错点易错点 主动语态与被动语态的转化

    3、高频考点高频考点 一般过去时态的被动语态 Passive Voice 2 heel n. 鞋跟;足跟 sudden adj. 突然(的) electricity n. 电;电能 all of a sudden 突然;猛地 scoop n. 勺;铲子 biscuit n. 饼干 style n. 样式;款式 cookie n. 曲奇饼 project n. 项目;工程 instrument n. 器械; 仪器;工具 pleasure n. 高兴;愉快 crispy adj. 脆的;酥脆的 zipper n. (= zip) 拉链;拉锁 sour adj. 酸的;有酸味的 daily adj. 每

    4、日的;日常的 by mistake 错误地;无意中 website n. 网站 customer n. 顾客;客户 pioneer n.先锋;先驱 Canadian adj. 加拿大的; 加拿大人的 n. 加 拿大人 list v. 列表;列清单 n. 名 单;清单 divide v. 分开;分散 mention v. 提到;说到 divide . into 把分开 by accident 偶然;意外地 purpose n. 目的;目标 nearly adv. 几乎;差不多 basket n. 篮;筐 boil v. 煮沸;烧开 the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会 smell n. 气味

    5、 v. 发出气 味;闻到 look up to 钦佩;仰慕 saint n. 圣人;圣徒 hero n. 英雄;男主角 take place 发生;出现 Berlin 柏林(德国城市) doubt n. 疑惑;疑问 v. 怀疑 NBA 国家篮球协会 (美国职业篮球联 赛) without doubt 毫无疑问;的确 CBA 中国篮球协会(中国职业篮球联 赛) fridge n. 冰箱 Chelsea Chelsea translate v. 翻译 Jayce Coziar 杰斯 克里亚 lock v. 锁上;锁住 Jamie Ellsworth 杰米 埃尔斯沃恩 earthquake n. 地

    6、震 Julie Thompson 朱莉 汤普森 Whitcomb Judson 惠特科姆 贾德森 Thomas Watson 托马斯 沃森 3 George Crum 乔治 克拉姆 James Naismith 詹姆斯 奈史密斯 第一部分第一部分:词汇词汇精讲精讲 1. invent 发明;创造发明;创造 (1)invent 作动词,意为“发明;创造” 。例如: Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。 (2)invent 还可以表示“虚构” 。例如: The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。 (3) invent

    7、 的名词形式有两个,一个是 inventor(发明者;发明家) ,另一个是 invention(发明 物) 。例如: Edison is a great inventor in history. 爱迪生是历史上伟大的发明家。 Human history is also a history of great inventions. 人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。 【拓展】invent, discover, find, create 辨析 (1)invent 意为“发明,发明之物”指“从无到有” 。例如: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone

    8、 in 1876. 亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔在 1876 年发明了电话。 (2)discover 意为“发现” ,指“本来就已经存在,但不为人知”的事物。例如: Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。 (3)find 的意思是“寻找” ,强调找的结果,并不指发现。 Ive tried to find another copy but couldnt find one. 我试图再找一本,但没能弄到。 (4)create 指有目的地把原材料制成新产品,也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。 Man creates himself.

    9、 人类创造了自己。 A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小说家塑造人物并设计情节。 2. pleasure n. 高兴,愉快高兴,愉快; 日常口语:its my pleasure. With pleasure. 不客气 例如:Its my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。 【比较】please, pleased, pleasure, pleasant 的区别 、please 表请求或要求的语气。是动词(及物动词) 。 -Come in, please.请进来

    10、吧。 (或 Please come in) 4 -Sit down, please.请坐。 (或 Please sit down) .表“讨好,讨人喜欢;喜欢”(不及物动词)或者“使 高兴,使 满意,使 喜欢”(及物动词) -Go where you please.你想去哪就去哪。 -What pleases you best?你最喜欢什么? pleased 形容词。表示“高兴的,喜欢的,满意的”。 常见的结构为: be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事, be pleased with, be pleased at (about)对 感到满意/高兴。 be pleased th

    11、at 从句 对 感到满意/高兴 例如: Im very pleased with the performance. 我很满意这次表演。 Were pleased about (at) your success. 对于你的成功我们很满意。 Im quite pleased that she has got such a good chance. 我很高兴她得到这样一个好的机会。 pleasant 形容词。表示“令人愉快的”“让人感到满意”。主语一般为物。 The walk was very pleasant. 那次散步很(让人)愉快。 pleasure 名词 表示“满足;乐趣;消遣、娱乐” It

    12、s a pleasure to read this book. 读这本书真是件乐事。 3. remain (v.) 保持;剩余;残余保持;剩余;残余 remain 意为“停留,留下” ,相当于 stay。 “呆在那里”可以说 remain / stay there,但“呆在家里”只 能说 stay (at) home。21 世纪教育网版权所有 例如:She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。 They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。 【拓展】remain 作连系动词 remain 用作

    13、连系动词,意为“保持(某种状态),继续存在,仍旧是” ,后面接形容词,名词,分 词,不定式或介词短语。 例如:She remained sitting when they came in他们进来时,她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。 Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。 Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。 4. by mistake 错误地错误地 5 by m

    14、istake 是介词短语, 意为“错误地; 无意地;不小心地” , 指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误, 常在句中作状语。 例如:I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我错拿了你的手提包,还以为是我的呢。 Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 苏珊忘了带钥匙,误把自己关在门外了。 【拓展】mistake.for mistake.for把错认为, 错把当作 She mistook him for the professor.她把他错当作教授了。 5. for example f

    15、or example 意为“例如” ,强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语, 且用逗号隔开。for example 可置于句首、句中或句末。例如: There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution. 有许多种污染方式,例如噪音就是一种污染。 Many students like playing computer games,for example,Mike. 许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏,比如迈克。 【拓展】 such as 意为“例如” ,用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子

    16、,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名 词之间,但 such as 后边不能用逗号。例如: Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎,例如跟我学 跟我学科学 。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on. 许多国家说英语,如澳大利亚和加拿大等。 6. popular (1) popular 作形容词,意为“流行的,受人欢迎的” 。常用短语为 be p

    17、opular with,意为“受 的欢迎。例如: The most popular sport is football. 最流行的运动是足球。 He is popular with our classmates. 他在我们班里有人缘。 (2)popular 作形容词,意为“民众的;大众的” 。例如: Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民众教育是我们的主要目标之一。 He speaks in popular language. 他用通俗的语言讲话。 【拓展】 popularity 作名词,意为“普及,流行;大众化” 。例如: 6

    18、Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country. 高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。 The popularity of private cars is changing the peoples life style. 私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。 7. smell smell 作名词,表示“气味” 。smell 作连系动词,意为“闻、嗅” ,后面常用形容词作表语。 例如: Whats the pleasant smell? 香味是什么? The dumplings smell nice. 这些水饺闻起来很好。

    19、【拓展】 (1)look,sound,smell,taste,feel 这五个动词都与人的感觉有关,可称之为“感官”动词。这五 个动词均可作连系动词,后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/ 摸起来” 。除 look 之外,其它几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。 例如: The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。 These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。 (2)look,sound,smell,tast

    20、e,feel 这些动词后面也可接介词 like 短语,like 后面常用名词。 例如: Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。 8.take place take place 常用于历史事件或会议的发生,以及化学、物理变化,有事先预料或计划的意思,即“计划 发生” 。例如: The party took place yesterday evening. 昨晚举办了晚会。 Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. 我们家乡在过去的十年里发生了巨大的变化。

    21、【拓展】 happen 指具体客观事物的发生,常有偶然性,未能预见性,即“偶然发生” 。happen 和 take place 均 为不及物动词,无被动语态。 (1) 表示“某地/某时发生了什么事” ,常用“sth. + happened + 时间/地点”这一结构,此时主语应该 是物。例如: 7 The story happened in 2008. 这个故事发生在 2008 年。 An accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。 (2) 表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事) ”要用“sth. + happened + to sb.”这一结构。例

    22、如: A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她出了车祸。 What happened to you? 你怎么啦? (3) 表示“某人碰巧做某事”要用“sb. + happened + to do sth.”这一结构。例如: I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋 友。 9.boil boil 作动词,意为“使煮沸,使烧开” 。例如: I stood in the kitchen, waiting for the wate

    23、r to boil. 我站在厨房,等着水烧开。 【拓展】 (1) boiling 作形容词,表示 “炎热的; 沸腾的” 。例如: When everybody else is boiling hot, Im freezing! 当其他所有人都酷热难耐时,我却冻得够呛! Placing an egg into a huge pan full of boiling water isnt easy either. 把蛋丢进一口装满开水大锅也不是容易的事。 (2)boiled 作形容词,表示“煮过的;煮熟的” 。例如: Id like to drink a glass of cool boiled w

    24、ater. 我想喝一杯凉开水。 10. achieve ( 1)achieve 作及物动词,意为“完成,实现” 。例如: You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way. 你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。 Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。 No one can achieve anything without effort. 谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。 (2)achieve 作及物动

    25、词,意为“达到,赢得” 。例如: The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。 She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。 【拓展】 achievement 作名词,意为“成就,成绩” 。例如: The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。 8 【词汇精练】【词汇精练】 I.根据根据句意句意及首字母提示补全句子。及首字母提示补全句子。 1. This kind of camera is p_ in an

    26、American factory. 2. A few pears r_ on the trees. 3. Can you name the four famous i_ in ancient China? 4. The song is very p_ on the Internet. 5. Lu Xun was one of the greatest writers in the 20th c_ of China. 6. His laziness makes it impossible for him to a_ success. 7. Heres some b_ water, and hav

    27、e a drink whenever youre thirsty. 8. Every time when we m_ this teacher, their students are very proud. II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Julie Thompson is the _ (invent) of battery-operated slippers. 2. There are some green _ (leaf) on the tree. 3. His paintings is very _(create). 4. This trip was

    28、very _ (please). Everyone had a good time. 5. I think the soup tastes quite _ (salt). 6. Do you know the tea was _ (invent) by a Chinese man? 7. Have you _ (notice) that big sign on the wall? Whats the meaning of it? 8. This new kind of train was _ (produce) by our own country. 9.Zheng Chenggong is

    29、a great _(nation) hero in Chinese history. 10. When we got to the park, we found the rubbish was _ (throw) everywhere. III. 选用选用 pleasant, pleased, pleasure 填空填空。 1. It was a _ surprise. 2. I went to Rome for _, not on business. 3. Ill be _ to lend you the book. 4. That movie isnt _ to see. 5. It gi

    30、ves me great _ to grow flowers. 6. He showed her around the city with _. 7. She was _ with her new room. 8. Would you hold this for a moment? With _. 9 IV. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。 learn, help, much, happy, teach, attitude, how Have you ever had problems in your life that got in the way

    31、of your happiness? If so, you will find Being a Happy Teenager by Australian writer Andrew Matthews (1) _. In his book, Matthews tells us(2) _ to have a happy life, and answers some common questions teenagers have. The book says we should stop being angry. The book also (3)_ us some useful skills su

    32、ch as how to put what you have learnt into mental (心理的) pictures to make your memory better. Success comes from a good(4)_. Some schoolboys have problems such as being too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us (5) _ comes from thinking about things in a positive way. If you are tall, people notic

    33、e you, and you can get a good view at the movie; if you are short, your clothes and shoes wont take too much room in your bedroom! This is Matthews most important lesson: You can(6)_ to be happy! 第二部分:重点句型第二部分:重点句型 1. George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。乔治想让顾客开心。 句中的 make 意为“使得” ,happ

    34、y 是形容词,作宾语 you 的补足语,对宾语起补充说明作用,常 用的结构为“make名词/代词形容词” 。 例如: The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。 A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry. 一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。 当宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用 it 作形式宾语。 I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件,人人都要准时。 The heavy rain made it impos

    35、sible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 【拓展】make 的其他相关句式 “make宾语n”意为使/让某人 / 某物(成为)” 。 例如:We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。 We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。 “make宾语do sth”意为“使某人做某事” 。 在被动语态中,此类结构中省略的动词不定 式 to 要还原。 例如:Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。 10 The b

    36、oy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。 2. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21st, 1891,. 人们人们认认 为为 1891 年年 12 月月 21 日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。 本句中的 It is believed that. 相当于 people believe that.是“人们相信/认为“的意思,that 引导 的是主语从句。 It i

    37、s believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.(=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.) 人们都认为到 2010 年,世界人口将达到七十亿。 【拓展】 It is reported that 据报道 It is supposed/thought that 人们认为 Its known that众所周知 3. When was it in

    38、vented? was invented 句意为“某物被发明” ,是被动句式。例如: The abacus was invented in the sixteenth century by the Chinese. 算盘在十六世纪由中国人发明的。 Who was the light bulb invented by?灯泡是由谁发明的? 【拓展】 被动语态的结构是:主语+be done(及物动词的过去分词) ,be 是随人称和时态变化而变化的。 (1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/ is/ are done 例如: The blackboard is cleaned by the students

    39、 every class. 黑板每节课都被学生擦干净。 (2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/ were done 例如: The computer was invented last century. 电脑是上个世纪被发明的。 (3)一般将来时的被动语态:shall/will be done 例如: A new school will be built in our village next year. 明年一所新的学校将在我们村庄建设。 (4)现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are being done 例如: A sports meeting is being held in our s

    40、chool now. 运动会正在我们学校举行。 (5)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been done 例如: All of the work has been finished since I came here. 自从我来这里以来,所有的工作都已经完成。 11 (6)含有情态动词的被动语态:can/may/must/should be done 例如: Your homework must be handed in after school. 你们的家庭作业必须在放学后交上。 (7)复合宾语的被动语态:原来的句子是“主语谓语宾语宾语补足语” ,在变被动语态的 时候只能将宾语变为被

    41、动语态的主语,宾语补足语变为被动语态的主语补足语。主动语态中宾语补足 语是省掉 to 的不定式时,在被动语态中需要还原 to。 They heard her sing an English song at the party. 他们在晚会上听到她唱了一首英语歌。 变为被动语态是:She was heard to sing an English song at the party. 4. But at that time, it wasnt used widely. sth. be used是被动语态句式,表示“某物被使用” 。常用如下搭配: (1)be used for 意思是“被用来做某事”

    42、 ,for 是介词,它的后面用名词或者动名词作宾语。例 如: Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来割东西的。 (2)be used as 意思是“被作为使用” ,as 是介词,意思是“作为” 。 它强调被当作工具或 者手段来使用。例如: Our classroom is used as a reading-room. 我们的教室被用来当阅览室使用。 (3)be used by 意思是“被使用” ,by 后面跟人或者物,表示强调动作的使用者。 This radio is often used by my mother. 这台收音机经常被我的妈妈使用。

    43、(4)be used to do something 意思是“被用来做某事” ,和 be used for doing 是同义词短语。 It is used for learning English.It is used to learn English. 它是被用来学习英语的。 5. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was It is said that是一个固定搭配的句型,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。它的 思是“据说” 。例如: It is said that Mary is very happy

    44、in London. (主语从句) = They say that Mary is very happy in London.(宾语从句) 据说玛丽在伦敦是非常幸福的。 【拓展】 12 另外类似的句型有: It is believed (人们相信) , It is reported that (据报道) , It is supposed that (据猜测) 。例如: It is believed that on December 21st,1981, the first basketball game in history was played. 人们相信历史上首次篮球比赛是在 1891 年

    45、 12 月 21 日举行的。 It is supposed that there is no life on the moon.据推测月球上是没有生命的。 It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 据报道又有一颗卫星上天了。 6. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660, but until 意为“直到” ,有下列用法: (1)作介词,后接时间名词,在句中作时间状语。作连词,后接从句,引导时间状语从句。 例如: She stayed there

    46、until 9 oclock. 她一直等到 9 点钟。 We waited until the rain stopped. 我们等到雨停了。 (2) until 用在肯定句中,多与持续性的动词连用。如:stand/wait/stay 等,表示主句动作的终止 时间。 (3) until 可用于否定句中,即 notuntil意为“直到才” ,常与非延续性动词连用。如: open/start/leave/arrive 等,强调主句动作开始的时间。例如: The child didnt go to bed until his father came back. 直到父亲回来,那个孩子才睡觉。 7. B

    47、asketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become (1)not only.but also 的意思是“不但而且” ,连接两个并列成分,如果连接两个主语 的时候,谓语动词和 also 后面的主语保持一致。 Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.不仅妈妈而且我也喜欢去花园。 (2)以 not onlybut also 开头的句子往往引起倒装。 Not only did he complain about the food,

    48、 but he refused to pay for it. 他不仅抱怨饭不好吃,而且拒绝付饭钱。 【句式精练】 I.被动语态句式变换。被动语态句式变换。 1. My mother made this skirt last month.(改为被动语态)(改为被动语态) This shirt _ _ by my mother last month. 13 2. Li Lei asked me to go to his birthday party.(改为被动语态)(改为被动语态) I _ _ to go to Li Leis birthday party. 3. What do people u

    49、se the pen to do? (改为被动语态)(改为被动语态) What _ the pen _ to do by people? 4. Many books have been sent to the Hope School in that village.(改为主动语态)(改为主动语态) We _ _ many books to the Hope School in that village. 5. The workers were made to finish the work at once by the manager. (改为主动语态)(改为主动语态) The manager _ the

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