人教版 九年级全册英语Units 5-8语法归纳复习教案.doc

1、被动语态被动语态 一、学习目标一、学习目标 掌握被动语态的概念与用法。 二、重点难点二、重点难点 重点：重点：被动语态的概念与用法。 难点：难点：被动语态的用法。 三、考情分析三、考情分析 被动语态在中考中是考查的重点， 是复习过程中特别注重的一个语法点， 常出现在单项 选择题、动词应用、任务型阅读题中，分值在 2-4 分之间。 来源:学科网 被动语态被动语态 Where is tea produced in China? 在中国茶产自哪里？在中国茶产自哪里？ When was the zipper invented? 拉链是什么时候发明的？拉链是什么时候发明的？ I dont think s

2、ixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为我认为 16 岁的年轻人不应当被允许开车。岁的年轻人不应当被允许开车。 1. 语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。当主语是动作的承受 者时，谓语动词为被动语态，这种句子叫被动语态句。 2. 被动语态的构成: be +及物动词的过去分词 注意：助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化。 3. 各种时态的被动语态： 一般现在时：主语+ am/is/are（not）+及物动词的过去分词。 一般过去时态：主语+ was/ were（not）+及物动词的过去分词。 一般将来时：主语+will

3、/ shall（not）+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 。 主语+be going to+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 。 含情态动词的被动语态：主语+can/ may/must/should/ +be +及物动词的过去分词。 现在完成时的被动语态：主语+ have/has（not）+been +及物动词的过去分词。 1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态当不知道谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 His bike was stolen last night. 昨天晚上，他的自行车被人偷走了。 The old should be looked after well. 老人应当被好好照顾

4、。 （1）这个房间每天都被打扫。 The room _ every day. （2）这台电脑明天要修了。 The computer _tomorrow. 答案：答案：（1）is cleaned （2）will be repaired 2. 在没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。在没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。来源来源:学学,科科,网网 Z,X,X,K The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了。它是 1950 年建成的。 Books and newspapers in the reading ro

5、om mustnt be taken away. 阅览室的书籍和报纸不准被带走。 （1）我们学校教英语。 English _ in our school. （2）这个店里不卖书。 Books _ in the shop. 答案：答案：（1）is taught （2）arent sold 3. 强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如需同时指出动作的执行者，可用强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如需同时指出动作的执行者，可用“介词介词 by +动词执行者（宾格）动词执行者（宾格）”这一结构。这一结构。 This kind of trees will be planted on the hil

6、l next year. 明年山上要种这种树。 The thief was caught last night. 那个小偷昨晚被抓了。 （1）昨天在车里发现了一些书。 Some books _ in the car yesterday. （2）刚才玻璃杯被汤姆打碎了。 The glass _ by Tom just now. 答案：答案：1. were found 2. was broken 4. 含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以可以将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； 或者或者将直将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介

7、词接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词 to 或或 for 引导引导。 I gave him a present yesterday. 昨天我给了他一件礼物。 He was given a present yesterday. = A present was given to him yesterday. He should buy her more apples.（改为被动语态） She _. More apples _. 答案：答案：should be bought more apples by him; should be bought for her by him 5. 某些动词原形作宾语补

8、足语，改为被动语态的时候，要在动词前加某些动词原形作宾语补足语，改为被动语态的时候，要在动词前加 to。 I often hear him sing. He is often heard to sing. 我经常听到他唱歌。 He saw her work in the office. She was seen to work in the office. 他看见她在办公室里工作。 Jim made his friend wait for him at the gate.（改为被动语态） _for him at the gate by Jim. 答案：答案：His friend was mad

9、e to wait 6. 短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词 或副词不能省去。或副词不能省去。 This dictionary mustnt be taken away from the library. 这本字典不准从图书馆拿走。 The old should be spoken to politely. 跟老人说话要有礼貌。 The lights must_（关掉）before you leave. 答案：答案：be turned off 7. 不及物动词和连系动词没有被动不及

10、物动词和连系动词没有被动语态。语态。 The accident happened on the road last night. 昨晚这条路上发生了一起事故。 The girl seemed very happy yesterday. 这个女孩昨天看起来很开心。 （1）这个主意听起来不错。 This idea _. （2）他的爷爷去年去世了。 His grandpa _last year.来源:Zxxk.Com 答案：答案：（1）sounds great/good （2）died /passed away 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空 1. The long bridge_（build）in

11、 two months. 2. Some flowers _（water）by Li Ming already. 3. Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4. Can the magazine _（take）out of the library? 5. Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down. 6. The students _ often _（tell）to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. This kind of shoes

12、 _（sell）well. 8. My fathers car _ （break） down on the road today. 答案：答案：1. will be built/ is going to be built 2. have been watered 3. is, spoken 4. be taken 5. were cut 6. are, told 7. sells 8. broke （答题时间：（答题时间：20 分钟）分钟） . 单项选择单项选择 *1. Great changes _ in my hometown during the past five years. A.

13、has been happened B. has been taken place C. happened D. have taken place 2. The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 3. When _ this kind of computers_? Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 4. I want to teach in this area. Well, teachers

14、very much here. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. well need *5. The flowers well if they . A. wont grow; dont take good care of B. dont grow; are taken good care of C. dont grow; dont take good care of D. wont grow; are not taken good care of 6. Your dress is so nice. Thanks! It by my uncle as

15、 a birthday present. A. bought B. was bought C. has bought D. will buy 7. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives . 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I _（give）a pencil by my mother this morning. 2. _ the wall _（paint）blue by y

16、ou last month? 3. The work _（finish）in two days. 4. What shall I do? The key _（lose）by me. 5. People should_（prevent）from cutting trees. 6. The book _（buy）by a small boy yesterday. 7. Two thieves _（catch）by the police last night. 8. He _often_（tell）to be careful when he drives his car. . 把下列句子把下列句子改

17、为被动语态改为被动语态 1. He bought a CD-ROM last year. A CD-ROM _ last year. 2. Tom organizes activities for the computer club. Activities for the computer club_. 3. He can lend me a book. _by him. 4. The boss made them work 10 hours a day. They _10 hours a day. . 根据汉语意思完成下列句子根据汉语意思完成下列句子 1. 这座桥是他们 2004 年建的。

18、The bridge _ in 2004. 2. 政府要把这个地方变成一个公园。 The place _ a park by the government. 3. 上次聚会我们组织得非常好。 Last party _ very well by us. 4. 我已经告诉他早点起床了。 He _a little earlier by me. *5. 这家医院里的病人被照顾得很好。 The patients in the hospital _. . 1. D 解析：happen 和 take place 没有被动语态。 2. C 解析：长城在全世界闻名，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。 3. B 解析：

19、过去时态的被动语态，句意为：这种电脑什么时候被使用的？ 4. C 解析：句意为：这儿非常需要老师，是一般现在时态的被动语态。 5. D 解析：根据句意：这些花如果不被好好照顾，就长不好。 6. B 解析：这条裙子是叔叔买给我的生日礼物，用被动语态。 7. C 解析：根据 next week 可以判断为一般将来时，且是被动语态。 . 1. was given 2. Was, painted 3. will be finished 4. has been lost 5. be prevented 6. was bought 7. were caught 8. is, told . 1. was b

20、ought by him 2. are organized by Tom 3. I can be lent a book /A book can be lent to me 4. were made to work . 1. was built by them 2. will be turned into 3. was organized 4. has been told to get up 5. are taken good care of 情态动词表推测情态动词表推测 一、学习目标一、学习目标 掌握情态动词表推测的用法。 二、重点难点二、重点难点 重点：重点：情态动词表推测的用法。 难点：

21、难点：can 表推测的用法。 三、考情分析三、考情分析 情态动词表推测是考查情态动词用法的一个知识点， 中考中常在单项选择题中出现， 分 值 1-2 分。 情态动词表推测情态动词表推测 It must be Carlas. She loves volleyball. 它肯定是卡拉的。她喜欢排球。它肯定是卡拉的。她喜欢排球。 It could be Meis hair band. 它可能是梅的发带。它可能是梅的发带。 It might belong to Linda. 它可能属于琳达。它可能属于琳达。 Im not sure, but it cant be a dog. 我不确信，但是它肯定不是

22、一条狗。我不确信，但是它肯定不是一条狗。 情态动词可以表示推测。常见的有：can, may, must, should, could, might 等。 （一）（一）用于肯定推测的情态动词用于肯定推测的情态动词 1. must 表示较有把握的推测，意为“准是；一定”。后接动词原形，表示对现在的推测。 2. should 用于肯定句中，语气次之，意为“很可能；应该”，指按常理推测。 3. can 用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性。 4. may 用于肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为“也许” 。 5. could, might 常用在过去时态中，意为“可能” 。但在某些场合下，为了使语气更

23、缓和、 更委婉，常用 could, might 代替 can。 The workers must be very tired, because they have been working for about 48 hours. 工人们肯定很累，因为他们一直工作了大约 48 小时。 They left yesterday. They should be home by now. 他们昨天就离开了。现在该到家了。 Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟有可能引起癌症。 Please ask the policeman over there. He may know the wa

24、y. 请问那边的警察。他也许知道那条路。 The dictionary could/ might be Li Leis. 这本词典可能是李雷的。 Dick isnt at school today. He _ ill at home. A. maybe B. may be C. was D. cant be 答案答案：B 思路分析：思路分析：maybe 是副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，空中缺少谓语动词，排除 A 项；根据前半句“Dick 今天不在校”，说明“他有可能生病在家”。C 项是过去时，排 除；cant be 表示“肯定不”，与前面的句子不符，排除 D 项。 （二）用于否定推测的情

25、态动词（二）用于否定推测的情态动词 1. cant/couldnt 表示否定推测，语气最强，指“不可能”，带有惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。 2. may/might not 表示推测，语气不很肯定，意为“可能不；也许不”。 The door is locked. He cant be at home. 门锁着，他肯定不在家。 He may not/ might not come back. 他可能没回来。 He_ be in the classroom, I think. No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A.

26、 can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt 答案答案：C 思路分析：思路分析： 浏览题干， 由下句的 “一分钟前我看到他回家了” 可知 “他肯定不在教室里” ， 故用 cant；只有 C 项合适。句意为“我认为他可能在教室。不，他肯定不在教室里。 一分钟前我看到他回家了” 。 （三）用于（三）用于疑问推测的情态动词疑问推测的情态动词 can/ could 常用在疑问句中表示推测，意为“可能”。 Who can it be? Can it be Mary? 那能是谁呢？是玛丽吗？ Why not eat it? _it b

27、e poisonous（有毒的）? A. Could B. Might C. Should D. Must 答案：答案：A 思路分析：思路分析：句意为“为什么不吃它？它可能有毒吗？”本句是疑问句，能用于疑问句表 示推测的只有 A 项。 . 单项选择单项选择 1. Whose notebook is this? It _ Jims. It has his name on it. A. cant be B. must be C. can be D. couldnt be 2. Is that your teacher? That_ be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan

28、with his wife. A. can B. mustnt C. may not D. cant 3. Have you decided which senior high school to choose? Not yet. I go to Moonlight School. A. must B. may C. need D. should . 用用 must, might, could 或或 cant 完成下列句子完成下列句子 1. They _know many people here, because they have just moved here. 2. No one ans

29、wered the phone. There _be nobody at home. 3. The backpack _be Lilys, because it has her name at the corner of it. 答案答案：. 1-3 BDB . 1. cant 2. might/could 3. must 思路分析：思路分析： . 1. 考查情态动词的用法。表示猜测。cant be 意为“不可能是”；must be 意为“一 定是”；can be 表示猜测，一般用于否定句或疑问句中，不用于肯定句中。couldnt be意为 “不可能是” ， 根据句意： “这是谁的笔记本？”

30、“它一定是吉姆的， 因为上面有他的名字。 ” 故选B项。 2. 根据句意“他和他妻子已经去了日本”可知“那肯定不是王先生” ，故选 D 项。 3. 根据答语“还没”可知“我可能去月光学校” ；A 项表示肯定推测；C 项意为“需要” ； D 项意为“应该” ，在句中不符题意。故选 B 项，意为“可能” 。 （答题时间：（答题时间：10 分钟）分钟） . 单项选择单项选择 1. Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but were not sure. A. neednt B. must C. might D. mustnt 2. Ha

31、ve you decided where to go for your summer vacation? Not yet. We _go to Qingdao . Its a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must D. should *3. Excuse me, whose book is this? It _ be Johns. It has his name on it. A. must B. need C. cant D. can *4. The man _be my English teacher. He has gone to

32、 Canada. A. might B. must C. cant D. could *5. Whos the man over there? Is it Mr. Black? It _ be him. Hes much taller. A. may not B. cant C. will not D. mustnt . 用用 must, might, could 或或 cant 填空填空 1. The boy has practiced dancing for two hours. He _be very tired. *2. Your mother _be in Beijing, beca

33、use she has gone to Shanghai. 3. Dont play on the street. You _be hurt by cars. *4. The tall girl _be Tina. Tina is short. 5. My father _have the key to the door, but Im not sure. . . 句型转换句型转换 1. The girl must be Li Mei.（改为否定句） The girl _ _Li Mei. 来源:Zxxk.Com *2. The book must be Marys. （改为反意疑问句） Th

34、e book must be Marys, _ _? 3. The jacket cant belong to you. （改为肯定句） The jacket _ _ to you. . 1. C 解析：考查情态动词表推测。A. “不必”表示建议；B. “一定”表示猜测的可 能性很大；C. “可能，也许”表示不是很肯定的猜测。D. “不允许”表示命令。句意： 这个月你们将去哪儿？我们或许会去厦门，但还不确定。故选 C 符合语境。 2. A 解析：考查情态动词。句意：你已经决定到哪里过暑假了吗？还没有呢， 我们也许去青岛。那可是个度假的好地方。情态动词表示推测时，may 表示“可能” ，must

35、 表示“一定” ，cant 表示“不可能” ；should 表示“应该” 。 3. A 解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：打扰一下，请问这是谁的书？它一定是 约翰的，这上面有他的名字。must 表示“一定，准是”表猜测；need 表示“需要” ；cant 表示“不能，不可能” ；can 表示“可能，能够” ；根据题意选 A 项。 4. C 解析：考查情态动词的用法。must 表肯定的推测，意为“一定” ， 可能性较大，might 表示肯定推测，意为“可能” ，可能性较小，cant 表示否定推测，意为“不可能” ；could 意 为“可能” ，可能性较小；根据句意：那个人不可能是我的英语老师，他去加

36、拿大了。故选 C 项。 5. B 解析：考查情态动用法。句意：那边那个人是谁？是布莱克先生吗？一定 不是他，他高多了。情态动词表推测： “一定” 用 must， “可能”用 might、may、could； “一 定不”用 cant。故选 B 项。 . 1. must 2. cant 3. might/could 4. cant 5. might/could . .1. cant be 2. isnt it 3. must belong 情景交际情景交际 一、谈论产品以及发明谈论产品以及发明 1. Are your shirts made of cotton? 你的衬衫是棉花制的吗？ Yes，

37、they were. And they were made in the US. 是的，它们是。并且它们是在美国制造的。 2. Whats the model plane made of? 这个飞机模型是用什么制成的？ Its made of used wood and glass. 它是由用过的木头和玻璃制成的。 3. How is tea produced? 茶的产地是哪里？ Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 茶树在山坡上生长。 4. When was the zipper invented? 拉链是什么时候被发明的？ It w

38、as invented in 1893. 它是 1893 年被发明的。 5. Who was it invented by? 它是由谁发明的？ It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. 它是由惠特科姆贾德森发明的。 6. What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? 这个热的冰激凌勺子是用来做什么的？ Its used for serving really cold ice-cream. 它是用来端很凉的冰激凌 的。 7. How was tea invented? 茶是怎样被发明的？ It was invented by a

39、ccident.它是无意中被发明的。 本交际用语适用于朋友、同学、家人间谈论产品的产地以及材料和发明的历史。 二、谈论规则二、谈论规则 1. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为 16 岁的年轻人不应当被允许开车。 I agree. They arent serious enough. 我同意。他们不够认真。 2. Teenagers should not be allowed to have part-time jobs. 青少年不应当被允许做兼职工作。 I disagree. They can lear

40、n a lot from working. 我不同意。他们可以从工作中学习到很多东西。 3. Do you think sixteen year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes? 你认为 16 岁的年轻人应当被允许选择他们自己的衣服吗？ Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的。/不，我不这样认为。 本交际用语适用于同学、朋友之间谈论学校、家庭的规则。 来源:Zxxk.Com 三、谈论秘密三、谈论秘密 1. Whose volleyball is this? 这是谁的排球？ It must be Carlas.

41、 She loves volleyball. 它肯定是卡拉的。她很喜欢排球。 2. Whose hair band is this? 这是谁的发带？ It could be Meis hair band. Or it might belong to Linda. They both have long hair. 它可能是梅的发带。或者她可能属于琳达。她们两个都留着长发。 3. What did you see that night? 那天晚上你看到了什么？ Im not sure, but it cant be a dog. 我不确定，但是它肯定不是一条狗。 本交际用语适用于同学、朋友之间使

42、用表推测的情态动词谈论秘密。 （答题时间：（答题时间：10 分钟）分钟） . 根据对话情景选择恰当的选项，其中有两项是多余的。根据对话情景选择恰当的选项，其中有两项是多余的。 A. It is made of cotton. B. Yes, Id love to. C. They are made of silk. D. Shall we go and watch it? E. So I have nothing to do. F. Yes, they are. G. Lets make it 9:30. Miss Lee L ; Mr. Zhang Z L: Hello, Mr. Zhang

43、. What are you going to do? Z: I have finished my work. 1 L: Would you like to go shopping with me? Z: 2 L: You know, my parents love Tang costumes very much. I want to buy some for them. Z: I hear there is going to be a fashion show in the shopping center. 3 L: Good idea! When shall we meet? Z: 4 L

44、: By the way, what are Tang costumes made of? Z: 5 L: I see. OK. See you tomorrow. Z: See you. . 阅读下面的对话，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文完整、通顺阅读下面的对话，根据首字母提示补全单词，使短文完整、通顺 A: Look! Heres a wallet. W （1）is it? Lets have a look at what is in it. B: There is only 20 yuan and a photo of a cool man, Jay Chou, in the walle

45、t. There is a （2）a hair band. A: Could it b （3）to Sally? B: No, I think it might be Kims. A: W （4）do you think so? B: First, Sally has short hair while Kim has long hair. So Kim might have a hair band. A: What e （5）? B: Kim likes Jay Chou, so she might put a photo of him in the wallet. Sally likes S. H. E., so the wallet c （6）be Sallys. A: Maybe youre right. . 1-5 E B D G C . 1. Whose 2. also 3. belong 4. Why 5. else 6. cant