2021新版北师大版必修第三册英语 Unit 7 Art (lesson9)ppt课件(含教案).zip
教教 案案 教学基本信息 课题Unit 7 Art (9)-Reading Club 学科英语学段: 高中年级高一 教材书名:英语必修第三册 出版社:北京师范大学出版 社 出版日期:2019 年 8 月 教学目标及教学重点、难点 在本课结束后,学生能够: 1.在阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 2.获取两位东西方艺术大师的艺术风格、绘画学习经历等信息。 3.简单回答关于涂鸦艺术发展历程的相关问题 4.表达对东西方艺术交流、涂鸦艺术发展的看法 重点:在阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 难点:如何有逻辑地表述对某一话题的观点 教学过程(表格描述) 教学环节主要教学活动设置意图 Lead-in Answer the question about the two painters Questions: What do you know about them? Read through the subtitle and find out the main idea for each section 激活学生已有的关于 两位艺术大师的了解, 为阅读材料做铺垫 Reading (passage 1) Read the first two sections and summarize from what aspects the author introduces these two painters Read the first two sections again and fill in the detailed information in the chart Read the last section and answer the following Questions: 1.What happened when the two painters met each other? 2.What are the similarities between the two painters? Think about and answer the following questions: 1.What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2.Should we strengthen the cultural communication between the East and West? Why or Why not? Compare the two artist and have a short summary 帮助学生获取文章大 意和细节信息; 帮助学生掌握在短时 间内了解文章大意的 方法; 借助表格,进一步了 解两位艺术大师; 启发学生对东西文化 交流的思考; Reading (passage 2) Think about and answer the question: what will happen when classic art forms meet modern ones? Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph Read the passage again and answer the questions. Read paragraph 2-5 and complete the timeline for the development of graffiti Think about and answer the following questions: 1.In your opinion, does graffiti have a positive or negative effect on society? Why? 2.Are there any other forms of expression among young people that you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? 3.Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? Summarize the passage with the mind map 通过导入的问题,完 成阅读文本的过渡; 帮助学生掌握归纳文 章大意的方法; 通过时间线,帮助学 生梳理涂鸦艺术的发 展; 启发学生对涂鸦文化 的思考,巩固在上一 篇文章中学到的表述 观点的方法。 Homework Write a short paragraph to introduce the development of graffiti and express your opinions on this form of art. 巩固练习本课中学到 的有关涂鸦艺术发展 的内容,表达自身对 涂鸦艺术的看法。必修三 Unit 7 Art (9) 高一年级 英语 Reading Club East Meets West Graffiti: From Vandalism To Street Art What do you know about them? Zhang Daqian one of the best-known and most prolific(高产的)Chinese artists of the 20th century good at a broad range of painting styles Zhang Daqian Pablo Picasso one of the greatest and most-influential western artists of the 20th century explored various painting styles, such as naturalism, Cubism, Symbolism and Surrealism Pablo Picasso subtitle show the structure of the passage identify the main idea of each section (节) in the passage Read for Main Idea Read through the passage and find out the main idea for each section. Check the Answers A Chinese Master: a brief introduction to Zhang Daqian A Spanish Pioneer: a brief introduction to Pablo Picasso East Meets West: what happened when the two artists met each other Read for Main Idea From what aspects does the author introduce the two artists in the first two sections? the artists position(地位)in the history of art the artists painting style the artists experience of learning to paint Check the Answers the artists position in the history of art the artists painting style the artists experience of learning to paint From what aspects does the author introduce Zhang Daqian and Pablo Picasso in the first two sections? Read for Details Read the first two sections again and complete the following chart with more detailed information about the two artists. Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art painting style who first taught him how to paint what influenced his painting style Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art Check the Answers one of Chinas most brilliant and popular artists one of the most influential artists of the first half of the 20th century Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso painting stylemasteredmastered a a varietyvariety ofof paintingpainting stylesstyles, , rangingranging fromfrom detaileddetailed portraitsportraits toto expressiveexpressive landscapeslandscapes detailed portraits expressive landscapes expressive landscapes Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso painting stylemastered a variety of painting styles, ranging from detailed portraits to expressive landscape moved between many diverse styles, pioneered Cubism, influenced Symbolism and Surrealism Cubism Symbolism Surrealism Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso who first taught him how to paint brothers or sisters hishis mothermother andand siblingssiblings hishis fatherfather Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso what influenced his painting style his family, extensive travel and traditional Chinese painting hishis familyfamily andand visitsvisits toto MadridMadrid toto seesee worksworks byby thethe oldold SpanishSpanish mastersmasters Read for Details Read the third section and answer the following questions. 1. What happened when the two painters met each other? 2. What are the similarities between the two painters? Check the Answers 1. What happened when the two painters met each other? (Paragraph 5) The two artists _ each other. At that meeting, they gave each other _. Picasso asked Zhang to _. Later, the two artists _. admired some artworks teach him how to draw bamboo became friends and exchanged letters Check the Answers 2. What are the similarities between the two artists? (Paragraph 6) Both were incredibly _ in their styles, much _. They are also _artists in the world. diverse admired, influential and very prolific best-selling Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1. What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2. Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? 1. What is your understanding of “East meets West”? useful expressions: cross-cultural communication, benefit It might mean that art has no border. The fact that the two famous artists became friends and learnt from each other shows that cross-cultural communication will benefit both. 2. Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? useful expressions: globalized world, understanding, mindset(思 维模式)and behavior, prejudice(偏见)and stereotype(刻板印象) The cultural communication between the East and West is a must in this globalized world. It can help us better understand each other, as culture greatly decides our mindset and behavior. It also plays an important role in removing prejudice and stereotype we may have on people from other cultures. Summary Zhang Daqian a Chinese _ one of Chinas most _ _artists Pablo Picasso a Spanish _ one of the most _ European artists of the first half of the 20th century master brilliant pioneer influential and popular Summary Zhang Daqian mastered a _ of painting styles, ranging from _ to _ Pablo Picasso a _ who moved between different styles: _, influenced _ _ variety detailed portraits expressive landscapes painter and sculptor pioneered Cubism Symbolism and Surrealism Summary Zhang Daqian influenced by his _ extensive _ and _ Pablo Picasso influenced by his _ family, and _ to Madrid to see works by the _ artistic family travel traditional Chinese painting creative old Spanish masters visits incredibly _, much _, _ and very _, _ artists diverse in styles admired prolific East Meets West influential best-selling What will happen when classic art forms meet modern ones? Graffiti: from Vandalism to Street Art Vandalism definition: the crime of damaging things on purpose, especially public property 故意破坏公共财产 Read for Main Idea Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. Paragraph Main Idea Graffiti changed a lot and became popular. What graffiti artists feel about this form of art. What is graffiti? Graffiti is recognized as a street art and widely used. Graffiti in the modern form first appeared. How New Yorkers viewed graffiti in the 70s. Read for Details Read Paragraph 1 and find answers to the following questions. 1. What is graffiti? 2. What is a graffiti tag? 3. How do people think of graffiti? Check the Answers 1. What is graffiti? Graffiti is _, or marks made on _ places. It is mostly created with _ or spray paint. It can be a persons _ or a _ word, or something related to public _. writings, drawingswalls in public paint namerude protest 2. What is a graffiti tag? It is a signature unique to an artist or a group. 3. How do people think of graffiti? There are many _. Some think it is a crime if done without a _, while others see this as a rich form of _. controversies property owners permission non-traditional cultural expression Read for details Read Paragraph 2 to 5 and complete the timeline for graffitis development. 1960s status: first became _ in the US form: a mixture of _, usually signed with a _ function: (1) created by _to _ themselves and their _ (2) signs _ of city gangs or _ groups popular tag identify artworks marking the territories young adults illegal crime writings and pictures 1970s status: _by most people, seen as sth _, threatening and an example of _ places: on the walls of _ and subway trains form: messy _ function: used by _ to _ or even to make a _ hateddisgusting poor neighborhoods urban decay express themselves political point names and slogans vandals 1980s status: a _ for graffiti art, further spread _ as _ became popular places: no longer only found in the _ and the poor areas of the cities, even in the _ of street art in the _ of the Manhattan art world craze subways displays galleries internationally hip-hop music Manhattan and Graffiti now status: recognized as _: a separate _ expressing the _ of young people living in _ places: in _, on _, toys and even in _ street artmovement big cities advertisementsclothes newspapers and other media street culture Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1. Do you believe that graffiti has a positive or negative effect on society? Why? 2. Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? 3. Are there any forms of expression among young people you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? 1. Do you believe that graffiti has a positive or negative effect on society? Why? useful expressions: vandalize(故意破坏), public property, flexible(灵活的), modern, diversity(多样性) Graffiti will have a positive effect on society as long as it is not used to vandalize public property. Different from classic art forms, graffiti is more flexible. You dont have to be an expert to paint your graffiti. It is just a modern way of art expression to show ideas and creativity, or sometimes just relieve your pressure by spraying the paint. It may also bring up new art forms, which will promote diversity of the art world. 2. Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? useful expressions: change, inclusive(包容性强的), appreciate As far as I am concerned, both graffiti and society changed a lot. Graffiti has evolved from a mixture of messy names and slogans to a form of art that viewers can appreciate. Some graffiti paintings are pretty cute or stylish. At the same time, the society has also become more inclusive and gradually accepts new forms of art. 3. Are there any forms of expression among young people that you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? rap music beatboxing emoji and meme Graffiti a mixture of writings, drawings or marks on walls in public places vandalism street art sth disgusting a craze poor areas & subways displays in galleries in ads, on clothes & toys, even in newspapers & other media definition development (changes) Homework Search online, find out more information about how graffiti has developed, and write a passage to introduce graffiti and express your views on this form of art. Thank you!Unit 7 Art (9)-Reading Club学习任务单学习任务单 【学习目标】: 1.阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 2.获取两位东西方艺术大师的艺术风格、绘画学习经历等信息。 3.简单回答涂鸦艺术发展历程的相关问题 4.表达对东西方艺术交流、涂鸦艺术发展的看法 【课上学习任务】 Lead-in What do you know about the two men? Read for Main Idea Read through the passage and find out the main idea for each section. From what aspects does the author introduce the two artists in the first two sections? Read for Details Read the first two sections again and complete the following chart with more detailed information about the two artists. Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art painting style who first taught him how to paint what influenced his painting style Read the third section and answer the following questions. 1.What happened when the two painters met each other? 2.What are the similarities between the two painters? Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1.What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2.Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? Read for Main Idea Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. ParagraphMain Idea Graffiti changed a lot and became popular. What graffiti artists feel about this form of art. What is graffiti? Graffiti is recognized as a street art and widely used. Graffiti in the modern form first appeared. How New Yorkers viewed graffiti in the 70s. Read for Details Read Paragraph 1 and find answers to the following questions. 1.What is graffiti? 2.What is a graffiti tag? 3.How do people think of graffiti? Read Paragraph 2 to 5 and complete the timeline for graffitis development. 1960s 1970s 1980s now status: first became _ in the US form: a mixture of _, usually signed with a _ function: (1) created by _to _ themselves and their _ (2) signs _ of city gangs or_groups status: _by most people, seen as sth _, threatening and an example of _ places: on the walls of _ and subway trains form: messy _ function: used by _ to _ or even to make a _ status: a _for graffiti art, further spread _ as _ became popular places: no longer only found in the _ and the poor areas of the cities, even in the _ of street ar
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教教 案案 教学基本信息 课题Unit 7 Art (9)-Reading Club 学科英语学段: 高中年级高一 教材书名:英语必修第三册 出版社:北京师范大学出版 社 出版日期:2019 年 8 月 教学目标及教学重点、难点 在本课结束后,学生能够: 1.在阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 2.获取两位东西方艺术大师的艺术风格、绘画学习经历等信息。 3.简单回答关于涂鸦艺术发展历程的相关问题 4.表达对东西方艺术交流、涂鸦艺术发展的看法 重点:在阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 难点:如何有逻辑地表述对某一话题的观点 教学过程(表格描述) 教学环节主要教学活动设置意图 Lead-in Answer the question about the two painters Questions: What do you know about them? Read through the subtitle and find out the main idea for each section 激活学生已有的关于 两位艺术大师的了解, 为阅读材料做铺垫 Reading (passage 1) Read the first two sections and summarize from what aspects the author introduces these two painters Read the first two sections again and fill in the detailed information in the chart Read the last section and answer the following Questions: 1.What happened when the two painters met each other? 2.What are the similarities between the two painters? Think about and answer the following questions: 1.What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2.Should we strengthen the cultural communication between the East and West? Why or Why not? Compare the two artist and have a short summary 帮助学生获取文章大 意和细节信息; 帮助学生掌握在短时 间内了解文章大意的 方法; 借助表格,进一步了 解两位艺术大师; 启发学生对东西文化 交流的思考; Reading (passage 2) Think about and answer the question: what will happen when classic art forms meet modern ones? Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph Read the passage again and answer the questions. Read paragraph 2-5 and complete the timeline for the development of graffiti Think about and answer the following questions: 1.In your opinion, does graffiti have a positive or negative effect on society? Why? 2.Are there any other forms of expression among young people that you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? 3.Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? Summarize the passage with the mind map 通过导入的问题,完 成阅读文本的过渡; 帮助学生掌握归纳文 章大意的方法; 通过时间线,帮助学 生梳理涂鸦艺术的发 展; 启发学生对涂鸦文化 的思考,巩固在上一 篇文章中学到的表述 观点的方法。 Homework Write a short paragraph to introduce the development of graffiti and express your opinions on this form of art. 巩固练习本课中学到 的有关涂鸦艺术发展 的内容,表达自身对 涂鸦艺术的看法。必修三 Unit 7 Art (9) 高一年级 英语 Reading Club East Meets West Graffiti: From Vandalism To Street Art What do you know about them? Zhang Daqian one of the best-known and most prolific(高产的)Chinese artists of the 20th century good at a broad range of painting styles Zhang Daqian Pablo Picasso one of the greatest and most-influential western artists of the 20th century explored various painting styles, such as naturalism, Cubism, Symbolism and Surrealism Pablo Picasso subtitle show the structure of the passage identify the main idea of each section (节) in the passage Read for Main Idea Read through the passage and find out the main idea for each section. Check the Answers A Chinese Master: a brief introduction to Zhang Daqian A Spanish Pioneer: a brief introduction to Pablo Picasso East Meets West: what happened when the two artists met each other Read for Main Idea From what aspects does the author introduce the two artists in the first two sections? the artists position(地位)in the history of art the artists painting style the artists experience of learning to paint Check the Answers the artists position in the history of art the artists painting style the artists experience of learning to paint From what aspects does the author introduce Zhang Daqian and Pablo Picasso in the first two sections? Read for Details Read the first two sections again and complete the following chart with more detailed information about the two artists. Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art painting style who first taught him how to paint what influenced his painting style Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art Check the Answers one of Chinas most brilliant and popular artists one of the most influential artists of the first half of the 20th century Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso painting stylemasteredmastered a a varietyvariety ofof paintingpainting stylesstyles, , rangingranging fromfrom detaileddetailed portraitsportraits toto expressiveexpressive landscapeslandscapes detailed portraits expressive landscapes expressive landscapes Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso painting stylemastered a variety of painting styles, ranging from detailed portraits to expressive landscape moved between many diverse styles, pioneered Cubism, influenced Symbolism and Surrealism Cubism Symbolism Surrealism Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso who first taught him how to paint brothers or sisters hishis mothermother andand siblingssiblings hishis fatherfather Check the Answers Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso what influenced his painting style his family, extensive travel and traditional Chinese painting hishis familyfamily andand visitsvisits toto MadridMadrid toto seesee worksworks byby thethe oldold SpanishSpanish mastersmasters Read for Details Read the third section and answer the following questions. 1. What happened when the two painters met each other? 2. What are the similarities between the two painters? Check the Answers 1. What happened when the two painters met each other? (Paragraph 5) The two artists _________ each other. At that meeting, they gave each other ______________. Picasso asked Zhang to ____________________________. Later, the two artists _______________________________. admired some artworks teach him how to draw bamboo became friends and exchanged letters Check the Answers 2. What are the similarities between the two artists? (Paragraph 6) Both were incredibly ________ in their styles, much _____________________________. They are also ___________artists in the world. diverse admired, influential and very prolific best-selling Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1. What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2. Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? 1. What is your understanding of “East meets West”? useful expressions: cross-cultural communication, benefit It might mean that art has no border. The fact that the two famous artists became friends and learnt from each other shows that cross-cultural communication will benefit both. 2. Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? useful expressions: globalized world, understanding, mindset(思 维模式)and behavior, prejudice(偏见)and stereotype(刻板印象) The cultural communication between the East and West is a must in this globalized world. It can help us better understand each other, as culture greatly decides our mindset and behavior. It also plays an important role in removing prejudice and stereotype we may have on people from other cultures. Summary Zhang Daqian a Chinese _______ one of Chinas most _______ ___________artists Pablo Picasso a Spanish _______ one of the most _______ European artists of the first half of the 20th century master brilliant pioneer influential and popular Summary Zhang Daqian mastered a _______ of painting styles, ranging from ______________ to __________________ Pablo Picasso a ________________ who moved between different styles: ________________, influenced _____________ _________ variety detailed portraits expressive landscapes painter and sculptor pioneered Cubism Symbolism and Surrealism Summary Zhang Daqian influenced by his __________ extensive ______ and ______________________ Pablo Picasso influenced by his _______ family, and _____ to Madrid to see works by the _________________ artistic family travel traditional Chinese painting creative old Spanish masters visits incredibly _____________, much _______, _______ and very ______, ________ artists diverse in styles admired prolific East Meets West influential best-selling What will happen when classic art forms meet modern ones? Graffiti: from Vandalism to Street Art Vandalism definition: the crime of damaging things on purpose, especially public property 故意破坏公共财产 Read for Main Idea Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. Paragraph Main Idea Graffiti changed a lot and became popular. What graffiti artists feel about this form of art. What is graffiti? Graffiti is recognized as a street art and widely used. Graffiti in the modern form first appeared. How New Yorkers viewed graffiti in the 70s. Read for Details Read Paragraph 1 and find answers to the following questions. 1. What is graffiti? 2. What is a graffiti tag? 3. How do people think of graffiti? Check the Answers 1. What is graffiti? Graffiti is _______________, or marks made on ____________ places. It is mostly created with _____ or spray paint. It can be a persons _____ or a ____ word, or something related to public ______. writings, drawingswalls in public paint namerude protest 2. What is a graffiti tag? It is a signature unique to an artist or a group. 3. How do people think of graffiti? There are many ____________. Some think it is a crime if done without a _______________________, while others see this as a rich form of ____________________________. controversies property owners permission non-traditional cultural expression Read for details Read Paragraph 2 to 5 and complete the timeline for graffitis development. 1960s status: first became _________ in the US form: a mixture of _________________, usually signed with a ____ function: (1) created by ____________to ______ themselves and their _________ (2) signs __________________ of city gangs or __________ groups popular tag identify artworks marking the territories young adults illegal crime writings and pictures 1970s status: _____by most people, seen as sth _________, threatening and an example of _________ places: on the walls of ________________ and subway trains form: messy _________________ function: used by _______ to ________________ or even to make a ___________ hateddisgusting poor neighborhoods urban decay express themselves political point names and slogans vandals 1980s status: a _____ for graffiti art, further spread ____________ as ____________ became popular places: no longer only found in the _______ and the poor areas of the cities, even in the _______ of street art in the _______ of the Manhattan art world craze subways displays galleries internationally hip-hop music Manhattan and Graffiti now status: recognized as ________: a separate _________ expressing the ___________ of young people living in ________ places: in _____________, on ______, toys and even in _______________________ street artmovement big cities advertisementsclothes newspapers and other media street culture Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1. Do you believe that graffiti has a positive or negative effect on society? Why? 2. Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? 3. Are there any forms of expression among young people you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? 1. Do you believe that graffiti has a positive or negative effect on society? Why? useful expressions: vandalize(故意破坏), public property, flexible(灵活的), modern, diversity(多样性) Graffiti will have a positive effect on society as long as it is not used to vandalize public property. Different from classic art forms, graffiti is more flexible. You dont have to be an expert to paint your graffiti. It is just a modern way of art expression to show ideas and creativity, or sometimes just relieve your pressure by spraying the paint. It may also bring up new art forms, which will promote diversity of the art world. 2. Why do you think people have changed their attitudes towards graffiti? useful expressions: change, inclusive(包容性强的), appreciate As far as I am concerned, both graffiti and society changed a lot. Graffiti has evolved from a mixture of messy names and slogans to a form of art that viewers can appreciate. Some graffiti paintings are pretty cute or stylish. At the same time, the society has also become more inclusive and gradually accepts new forms of art. 3. Are there any forms of expression among young people that you think will become more popular and accepted in the future? rap music beatboxing emoji and meme Graffiti a mixture of writings, drawings or marks on walls in public places vandalism street art sth disgusting a craze poor areas & subways displays in galleries in ads, on clothes & toys, even in newspapers & other media definition development (changes) Homework Search online, find out more information about how graffiti has developed, and write a passage to introduce graffiti and express your views on this form of art. Thank you!Unit 7 Art (9)-Reading Club学习任务单学习任务单 【学习目标】: 1.阅读文本中迅速获取文章大意 2.获取两位东西方艺术大师的艺术风格、绘画学习经历等信息。 3.简单回答涂鸦艺术发展历程的相关问题 4.表达对东西方艺术交流、涂鸦艺术发展的看法 【课上学习任务】 Lead-in What do you know about the two men? Read for Main Idea Read through the passage and find out the main idea for each section. From what aspects does the author introduce the two artists in the first two sections? Read for Details Read the first two sections again and complete the following chart with more detailed information about the two artists. Zhang DaqianPablo Picasso position in the history of art painting style who first taught him how to paint what influenced his painting style Read the third section and answer the following questions. 1.What happened when the two painters met each other? 2.What are the similarities between the two painters? Think Deeper After reading the passage, think about the following questions. 1.What is your understanding of “East meets West”? 2.Should we strengthen the cultural communication between East and West? Why or why not? Read for Main Idea Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. ParagraphMain Idea Graffiti changed a lot and became popular. What graffiti artists feel about this form of art. What is graffiti? Graffiti is recognized as a street art and widely used. Graffiti in the modern form first appeared. How New Yorkers viewed graffiti in the 70s. Read for Details Read Paragraph 1 and find answers to the following questions. 1.What is graffiti? 2.What is a graffiti tag? 3.How do people think of graffiti? Read Paragraph 2 to 5 and complete the timeline for graffitis development. 1960s 1970s 1980s now status: first became _________ in the US form: a mixture of ________________________, usually signed with a ____ function: (1) created by ____________to ______ themselves and their _________ (2) signs __________________ of city gangs or_____________________groups status: _____by most people, seen as sth _________, threatening and an example of _________ places: on the walls of ________________ and subway trains form: messy _________________ function: used by ____________ to ___________________ or even to make a ___________ status: a ___________for graffiti art, further spread ____________________ as ______________ became popular places: no longer only found in the ___________ and the poor areas of the cities, even in the ___________ of street ar
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