2021新版北师大版必修第二册英语Unit 5 humansand nature sectionⅵ writing-宣传手册 教材讲解.doc

1、Section Writing宣传手册 本单元的写作任务是写一个宣传手册。宣传手册是为了某一特定需要，通过一定形式向公众传递信息的手 段，是说明文的一种。 .Prewriting ()Learn to write after the model How to Survive an Earthquake If youre indoors： Dont run, but protect yourself.Dont try to run out of the building during an earthquake.The most important thing is to protect you

2、rself as much as you can. Drop, cover and hold on.DROP down onto your hands and knees.COVER your head and neck with your hands, arms or hard objects.If possible, find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops. Find the triangle of life.S

3、it on the floor next to a sturdy piece of furniture so that if a wall falls down, it will create a space for you to survive. If youre outdoors： Move away from anything that can fall.Move to open areas.Buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines can all fall down during an earthquake. Find a shelt

4、er where you can stay.If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them. Wait a moment before moving to any other place.Objects may also fall after a quake and there are always strong aftershocks.Observe carefully before you move away. If youre in a car： Stop.Stop y

5、our car as quickly as you can, but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree. Stay seated.Stay calm in your car.The cars metal body can protect you from falling objects. Drive away carefully when the quake stops.Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by aftershocks. 篇章结构 The fir

6、st part：What you should do if youre indoors. The second part：What you should do if youre outdoors. The third part：What you should do if youre in a car. ()Preparation for writingWords and phrases welcome v欢迎 adventure n. 冒险 be_located_in/lie_in. 位于 cover v. 覆盖 activity_ n. 活动 experience v. 体验 accommo

7、dation n. 住宿 make_preparations_for 为做准备 further_information 更多信息 _tourist_attraction_ 旅游景点 .Whilewriting 一家远足营地(Adventure Hiking)准备组织一次冒险远足旅行，并希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语 为其写一篇宣传稿。主要内容应包括： 1本次远足活动是为喜欢冒险和远足的人士组织的一次活动； 2远足要穿过一个大沙漠以考验参加者的体力和耐力； 3远足将体验激烈的漂流活动； 4远足将爬一座最大海拔高度为 5 000 米的高山，并可能遇到一些野生动物； 5远足组织者将提供良好的住宿

8、并要求参加者携带轻而有用的行李； 6欲参加者请致电 04508899432 或 email 至 .AH。 注意：词数 100 左右。 Step 1 List the outline of the passage. 首段：首先对远足营地进行宣传； 中段：然后对活动内容和注意事项进行详细描述； 尾段：再次宣传远足营地并给出具体的联系方式。 Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences. 1Words and phrases go_hiking 去远足 optional_activities 可供选择的活动 strength n. 体力 with_a_max

9、imum_altitude_of 最大海拔高度为 survival_skills 生存技巧 organization n. 组织 accommodation n. 住宿 patience n. 耐力 2Sentences 你们将体验令人兴奋的水上漂流，你们将获得你们从未有过的经历。(祈使句and陈述句) Experience_the_exciting_white water_rafting_and_youll_gain_the_experience_you_have_never_got. 营地提供良好的食宿，你们不用担心远足后休息的地方。(so 连接的并列句) Have_good_accomm

10、odation_at_our_camp_so_dont_be_anxious_about_your_rest_place _after_the_hiking. Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words and phrases. during the hiking，and，last but not least，or Adventure Hiking If you like both going hiking and adventure，Adventure Hiking is the organization for you.Dur

11、ing the hiking，well have the following optional activities for you. Walk through a big desert to test your strength and patience.Experience the exciting white water rafting and youll gain the experience you have never got.Climb a high mountain with a maximum altitude of 5， 000 metres and perhaps you

12、ll meet some wild animals.Have good accommodation at our camp so dont be anxious about your rest place after the hiking.Last but not least，take your own luggage with you.The things in it should be useful and light. Youll have much fun and learn survival skills during the adventure hiking.Call us tod

13、ay on 04508899432 or email us at .AH. .Postwritingpolishing the passage Exchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points. 1.Is the structure of the passage appropriate? 2.Are there any spelling mistakes? 3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses(时态)? 4.Do

14、es the brochure include all the main contents? 5.Is simple and informal English correctly used? 亮点表达 1This kind of computer is of good quality. 2All the common families can afford to buy one.It controls mostly by itself，so it is very easy to operate. 3It is convenient to carry，for it is small and li

15、ght. 4Once you have one of this kind，youll enjoy it very much. 5There are many kinds of food served in the restaurant，which are very delicious. 6At the same time，all the food looks nice and smells good. 7Whats more，the prices of them are very reasonable. 8The owner as well as the waiters is very fri

16、endly and kind，and they will make you feel at home. 句式欣赏 I like Spring Festival, because Spring Festival is a family reunion festival.我喜欢春节，因 为春节是个亲人团聚的节日。 People can not only enjoy the full table of food, but also enjoy the happy atmosphere.人们既 能享受满桌的佳肴盛馔，也能享受那份快乐的气氛。 Breakfast is not a big meal, j

17、ust a few homecooked dishes, a few bowls of ordinary soup, but one is very special, that is the moon cake that symbolizes reunion. 早饭并不丰盛，只是几个家常菜，几碗普通的汤，但有一个很特别，那就是象征团圆的月饼。 This years New Years Day is full of festival joy and the pride of youth. 今年的元旦充满了节日的快乐和青春的自豪。 写作技巧 高级句型才给力 首先，给出一句简洁、清楚又切中主题的话，

18、以便在第一时间引起读者的兴趣。 然后，给出被宣传事物大致的、最主要的信息。比如，找工作要推荐自己、宣传自己，写作中可以简要介 绍自己的学历和曾有的工作经历。 接下来，叙述被宣传事物的主要特点。还以申请工作为例，在这里可以介绍自己有什么技能和特长。 最后，要强调一下被宣传事物与其他同类事物的独特之处。仍以找工作为例，可以宣传个人异于其他人的 强项，比如，会说流利的英语，有丰富的工作经验等。这样，一篇目的明确、内容清晰、结构紧凑、层次 分明的宣传手册就成型了。 .单词拼写 1The teacher often comments(评论)on/upon how different the two bo

19、ys are. 2We are conducting (进行)a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food. 3He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped(逃 脱) being killed. 4Its generally acknowledged that education shouldnt be measured (衡量) only by examination results. 5They w

20、ere so frightened (害怕)that they had the light burning all night. 6Little joy can equal(等于；抵得上)that of a surprising ending when you read stories. 7A number of trapped people waited to be rescued(营救) 8Do not attempt (试图) to achieve everything at once. .选词填空 carry on, break down, be adapted from, pick

21、up, run out, be covered with, in preparation for, on ones way to 1At one time half the land on the Earths surface was_covered_with forest. 2The film _is_adapted_from a play of the same title. 3Im going to _pick_up food and drink for Saturdays picnic. 4They carried_on in spite of the difficult condit

22、ions. 5We were driving half when the car broke_down 6Conditions are getting worse and supplies are _running_out 7In_preparation_for the discussion, I reviewed the lesson we learned last week. 8I passed through Nanjing on_my_way_to Shanghai, but I didnt stop over. .语法练习 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1As graduation d

23、ay drew near, the students were all anxiously(anxious) preparing for their final exams. 2If you want to be an explorer(explore), you must be adventurous. 3People have become indifferent to the _suffering(suffer) of others. 4During our observation(observe) of the rats, we made several new discoveries

24、. 5Hes changed since he came back he seems positively cheerful(cheer) 6Liza was so frightened(frighten) that she couldnt make a sound. 二、完成句子 1He helped me to find the building where_our_head_teacher_lived 他帮我找到了我们班主任居住的大楼。 2He decided to go to America，where_he_had_a_big_company 他决定到美国去，在那里他有一家大公司。

25、3He came at the time when_I_didnt_want_to_see_him_at_all 他在我根本不想见他的时候来了。 4Do you still remember the year when_we_met_at_a_party_for_the_first_time? 你还记得我们第一次在晚会上相遇的那一年吗？ 5Do you know the reason _why_he_was_late? 你知道他迟到的原因吗？ 6I dont know why_he_was_so_rude 我不知道他为什么这么无礼。 .阅读理解 A Far from the land of A

26、ntarctica (南极洲)，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean.At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish，the Antarctic cod(鳕鱼) For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death？It must have some secret.The Antarctic is not a comfort

27、able place to work and the research has been slowed.Now it seems we have an answer. Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish.Scientists studied the fishs blood and measured its freezing point. The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of 1.88 and many tiny

28、pieces of ice floating in it.The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to 2.05 .That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the icesalt mixture. The scientists next research job was clear：Find out what in the fishs blood k

29、ept it from freezing.Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish.When it was removed，the blood froze at seawater temperature.When it was put back，the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point. Study showe

30、d that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoproteinSo it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein or AFGP. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了科学家对于南极洲的一种小鱼能够在如此寒冷的情况下还

31、能生存的原因进行了 剖析。得出的结论是这种鱼的血液里存在一种特殊的蛋白质。 1What is the text mainly about? AThe terrible conditions in the Antarctic. BA special fish living in freezing waters. CThe ice shelf around Antarctica. DProtection of the Antarctic cod. 答案 B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了对一种能够生活在南极冰冷的海水中的鱼的研究，因此 B 项最能 概括文章的中心意思。 2Why can the Ant

32、arctic cod live at the freezing temperature? AThe seawater has a temperature of 1.88 . BIt loves to live in the icesalt mixture. CA special protein keeps it from freezing. DIts blood has a temperature lower than 2.05 . 答案 C 细节理解题。根据文中第五段的说明可以知道：一种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼在南极海水中生 活而不至于被冰冻。 3What does the underline

33、d word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? AA type of icesalt mixture. BA newly found protein. CFish blood. DSugar molecule. 答案 B 代词指代题。根据文中第五段的叙述可以判断出该物质就是帮助这种鱼生活在南极海水中的神 奇的蛋白质。 4What does “glyco” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean? ASugar. BIce. CBlood. DMolecule. 答案 A 词义猜测

34、题。根据最后一段第三句“Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein.”可以推断出前缀“glyco”应该和 sugar 有关。 B Our society is changing.Perhaps because many families no longer live so close to us，or perhaps because busy lifestyles make us unable to build close socials and connections，it seems that our pet dogs

35、have begun to fill the emotional voids(情感空洞) that modern life has left in our family and personal relationships.A new survey done by Rover shows how our pet dogs have become connected with our social and family lives.And the findings are interesting. To begin with，94% of the dog owners report that t

36、heir dogs are part of the family.56% of them admit that when they come home，they say hello to their dog before they greet any other member of the family.47% admit that they find it emotionally more difficult to leave their dog for a week than to leave their human partner. The emotional connection wi

37、th a pet dog shows up not just in peoples expressed emotions， but also in their actions.65% of the dog owners say that they take more photos of their dogs than of their friends or families.and 56% say that they celebrate their dogs birthday. Besides，69% of the dog owners believe that owning a dog ha

38、s increased their physical activity in their free time.I certainly believe that I would not get half as much exercise if it were not for my dogs. To some degree，I saw the results of this survey proved just a couple of days ago.ATV news reporter was interviewing a family who had been rescued from flo

39、oding (洪水) conditions not far from Montreal.The man said，“We lost the house，but at least our family was saved.”His wife added， “Our whole family is safeboth of us, our three kids，and both dogs！” 【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究发现，宠物狗从多方面与其主人的生活联系密切，宠物狗在人的生活 中起着重要的作用。 5According to the survey，most dog owners _ Aseld

40、om make new friends Bwant to live with their dogs forever Cthink dogs can understand them better Dregard their dogs as their family members 答案 D 细节理解题。通读第二段尤其是第一句可知，大多数狗主人把自己家的宠物狗当作家庭成员看 待。 6Whats the advantage to dog owners by raising dogs according to paragraph 4? AIt makes their life more interes

41、ting. BIt does good to their physical health. CIt increases their social connections. DIt makes them have a good attitude to life. 答案 B 推理判断题。根据第四段的.increased their physical activity.可以推知，养狗对狗 主人的身体健康有好处。 7How does the author support the results of the survey in the last paragraph? ABy giving a real

42、life example. BBy interviewing some dog owners. CBy telling his personal experience. DBy showing how a family raises a dog. 答案 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者举了一个现实生活中的例子来支持该研究的结果。 8Whats the best title of the text? AHow to raise dogs in cities. BWhy more people raise pet dogs. CHow important your dog is in you

43、r life. DWhy people fail to build close connections. 答案 C 主旨大意题。通读文章尤其是首段的 A new survey done by Rover shows how our pet dogs have become connected with our social and family lives 可知，本文通过介绍一项研究的结果说明了狗在 人们生活中是何等重要。 .七选五 First rains of the season always make everybody happy.However，as it begins to rai

44、n often， you will possibly feel bored._1_ Well，you can do many fun things，which will make the day a truly enjoyable one. _2_ Take a little time out for yourself.Then take a long walk and watch everything.You can walk in your neighborhood or even take the subway and discover new places in the town.If

45、 you like taking pictures，take your camera along with you to catch beautiful moments. Host a rain dance party！_3_ It can also be in your backyard.Make sure that the dance floor is hard and even to avoid accidents.Place the stereo (立体声音响) under the roof in case it gets wet.Call your friends and enjoy

46、 the party! Watch and listen to nature.For example，you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area._4_ If you cant go outside your house，sit in the balcony(阳台) with a cup of tea and listen to the sound of water falling on different objects. There are many things to do on a rainy day.But make s

47、ure you take a rain jacket or an umbrella while going out in the rains._5_ When it comes to preventing you catching a cold in the rains, you can eat a lot of vitamin C, and take a bath once you come back home. ATake a walk by yourself. BYou can stop to buy an ice cream. CSo how can you have fun on s

48、uch a rainy day? DYou can sit on the top of a hill and enjoy the view. EYou wont get completely wet and then catch a cold. FHave some coffee outside and enjoy the conversation. GThe dance floor can be near your homes swimming pool. 【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何开心地度过雨季。 1C 该空前说下雨天你会觉得很烦恼，所以如何开心地度过雨天呢？其实你可以做许

49、多开心的事，由 此可知 C 项正确。 2A 该空为该段的主题句，根据该空后的 Take a little time out for yourself 以及下文多次提到 的 walk 可知，选项 A 正确。 3G 根据空后 It can also be in your backyard.Make sure that the dance floor is.可知，It 指 代的是 the dance floor，G 项中提到 The dance floor，所以应选 G 项。 4D 根据该段的主题句 Watch and listen to nature 和空前的 For example, you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area 可知，D 项正确。虽然 B 项也是以 You can 开头，但是与本段的主题句 “赏雨和听雨”不一致。 5E 外出的时候记得要带雨衣或雨伞，否则会淋湿感冒，由此可知 E 项符合语境。