2021新版北师大版必修第二册英语Unit 4 information technology sectionⅱ lesson1 教材讲解.doc

1、Section Lesson 1 1DiscussionDo you use a photo of yourself or a different image as an avatar when you are online？Why? I_use_a_cute_animal_avatar_instead_of_a_photo_to_avoid_online_safety_risks. 2PredictionLook at the pictures and the title on Page 89，and predict what the text is probably about. The_

2、text_is_mainly_about_the_definition_of_avatars_and_their_history. 1First readingRead the text and match the main idea with each paragraph. Part 1 (Para.1) AThe views on the use of avatars Part 2 (Para.2) BAvatars are everywhere nowadays. Part 3 (Paras.34) CThe history of avatars Part 4 (Para.5) DThe

3、 definition of avatars Part 5 (Para.6) EThe purposes of avatars 答案 Part 1 D Part 2 C Part 3 E Part 4 B Part 5 A 2Second readingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer. (1)When were avatars being used in web chats like instant messenger? AIn the 1980s. BBy the late 1990s. CNowadays. DIn th

4、e 1970s. (2)What does a picture of a cute cat mean? A“I like relaxing and having fun.” B“Im a really funny person.” C“Im tall，young and nicelooking.” D“I like being creative.” (3)Who could see your avatars? AOnly your friends. BMany people. CNo one. DOnly your family. (4)What people can use avatars

5、do? AAct just like a real person. BTravel around bigger，more exciting virtual worlds. CHelp others online. DCheat others online. (5)What is the purpose of the text? ATo introduce some information about avatars. BTo express yourself using pictures. CTo introduce the history of avatars. DTo introduce

6、definition of avatars. 答案 (1)B (2)A (3)B (4)D (5)A 3Third readingRead the text carefully again and then fill in the form below. Details Definition a digital image that represents an Internet user History 1980s The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role playing computer games. Late 1990s Avatars we

7、re being used in web chats like instant messenger. Purposes To express oneself People discovered they were going to have the power to create new identities that didnt look or act like their real selves at all.Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity To represent

8、 oneself The avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. Views Positive Some view avatars in a more positive way. Negative The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns. Discussing 1 What does the writer mean by saying “The avatar you choose says a lot about your personality.”？Do you ag

9、ree with the writer？Give examples to support your opinion. The_answer_is_open. 2Can you give examples of how the use of avatars may cause risks online？What can you do to prevent such risks? The_answer_is_open. 常用网络虚拟形象及目的 1a cute animal avatar 2an avatar in fancy clothes 3a cartoon character avatar

10、4to express oneself freely 5to experiment with interesting things 6to trick others 7to create real/digital identities 8to avoid/cause online safety risks 9to live in a virtual world 10to protect oneself 如何猜测单词词义 We can guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words according to： 1General context(广义语境)； 2

11、Definitions (direct or indirect)(直接定义或间接定义)； 3Examples(例子)； 4Synonyms(同义词)； 5Antonyms(反义词)； 6Word stems and affixes(词干和词缀) 语言现象感知 .单词理解 体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义 1Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality._n个性 2Wellknown cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “ Im a really funny pe

12、rson.”_v说 明 3The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.n.担心 4Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.adj.虚拟的 .词块积累 写出下列词块的含义 1a wide variety of forms 多种形式 2have fun 玩得开心 3look more or less like t

13、hem 看起来或多或少像他们 4make a few improvements 做一些改进 5express yourself 表达你自己 6have the power to create new identities 有能力创造新的身份 7at the same time 同时 8in a more positive light 从更积极的角度来看 .句式欣赏 1when 引导时间状语从句；第一个 that 引导宾语从句；第二个 that 引导定语从句 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that

14、they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. 2v.ing 形式作宾语 I like relaxing and having fun. 3that 引导定语从句 Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like

15、them. .单词语境记忆根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式 1Nowadays(现今)people travel in cars rather than carriages. 2He _tricked(诱骗)the beautiful girl into lending him 10，000 yuan. 3Nowadays people are more _concerned (担心)about the environment where they live. 4You look good with your new _hairstyle(发型) 5Last week they went ove

16、r their seeds to make a careful selection(选择) 6It is _obvious_(obviously) that she is the very person for the job. 7The writing of poems, stories or plays is often called creative (creativity) writing. 8There are _various_(variety) ways of solving the problem. 9He recognized her _instantly (instant)

17、, even though he had never seen her. 10It is virtually (virtual) impossible to predict the future accurately. .短语语境填空根据汉语提示写出适当的短语 1I made this cake specially, with brown sugar instead_of(代替)white. 2I _look_forward_to(期待)seeing you again soon.Goodbye. 3A_variety_of(各式各样的)food is sold at the supermar

18、ket. 4Many people are_concerned_about(关心)the pollution of the environment. 5He came the_instant(一就)I called his name. .句式语境仿写 1They also experiment with things like different hairstyleswhich says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 他们也会尝试像不同的发型这样的事情，这很可能会体现他们理想中的样子。 仿写 我们的家乡变化很大，它现在与数

19、年前的样子完全不同。 Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from what_it_used_to_be a few years ago. 2Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.一些网民开始担心自己在虚拟世界沉溺太久，以至于开 始害怕在现实中与人交往。 仿写 当球迷们看到贝

20、克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。 When the football fans saw Beckham，they got so_excited_that they cried out. 记单词 .一言串记多义词 Our parents are concerned about our health and future.As far as Im concerned, we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns. .词缀助记派生词 1名词后缀：tion，ty select (v.)selection (n.) va

21、ry (v.)variety (n.) 2副词后缀：ly instant (adj.) instantly (adv.) virtual (adj.) virtually (adv.) obvious (adj.)obviously (adv.) .合成词一族 nowadaysnowadays hairstyle hairstyle 句型公式 1what 引导的宾语从句 2“so.that.” 固定句型，意为“如此以至于” 1trick vt. 欺骗，诱骗，哄骗 n骗局，把戏，玩笑，诀窍 to trick others(教材 P8)来欺骗别人 合作探究 体会 trick 的用法和意义 The

22、boys hid Johns bike to play a trick on him. 男孩子们把约翰的自行车藏起来捉弄他。 You cant teach an old dog new tricks.老狗学不会新把戏。 He tricked me into lending him $100.他骗我借给了他 100 美元。 He tricked the girl out of all her money. 他骗了那个女孩所有的钱。 自主发现 play a trick/tricks on sb 欺骗/捉弄/戏弄某人 trick sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事 trick sb o

23、ut_of sth 从某人处骗走某物 巩固内化 单句语法填空 By tradition, in some countries，people can play tricks on each other before noon on April 1, but theyll be foolish if they do it in the afternoon. Today，a fall guy is a person who is tricked into taking the blame for the crime or wrongdoing of someone else. The old wom

24、an was tricked out of her golden earrings. 思考 表示“玩弄；拿开玩笑”的短语还有哪些？ make_fun_of_sb，play_a_joke/jokes_on_sb 2instant adj.即时的，立刻的，马上的 n瞬间；片刻 instantly adv.立即地 conj.一就 By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats like instant messenger.(教材 P9)到了 20 世 纪 90 年代后期，它们已经被应用在网络聊天，如实时通信中。 合作探究 体会 instant 的

25、用法和意义 The telegram asked for an instant reply.这封电报要求立即回复。 I shall be back in an instant.我马上就回来。 I couldnt answer for an instant.我一时答不上来。 The instant (that) I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for.我一看见他就 认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。 自主发现 an instant reply 立即回复 in an instant 片刻，瞬间 for an instan

26、t 一瞬间 the instant (that) 一就 词块积累 instant noodles/coffee 方便面/速溶咖啡 a matter of instant importance 一件紧急的事情 at that instant 在那瞬间 巩固内化 单句语法填空 She recognized me instantly (instant) she caught a glimpse of me. You see the lightning the instant it happens，but you hear the thunder later. In an instant, he to

27、ok off his coat and jumped into the water. 思考 表示“一就”的结构还有哪些？ the_minute，the_moment，the_second，as_soon_as，immediately，directly，hardly.when.， no_sooner.than.等。 3.concern n担忧，忧虑 vt.与有关；使担心 concerned adj.担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的 concerning prep.关于；有关 The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.(教材 P9) 虚拟形象的使用也

28、引起了很多的担忧。 合作探究 体会 concern 的用法和意义 She showed great concern for her sons illness.她非常担心儿子的病情。 She is concerned about how little food I eat. 她见我吃得那么少，很是担忧。 The book is primarily concerned with the economic situation in Europe during the World War . 本书主要讲的是第二次世界大战期间的欧洲经济形势。 Everyone who was directly conc

29、erned in the incident has now resigned. 与该事件有直接牵连的人现在均已辞职。 As far as I am concerned, I prefer to work in a team，which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others.就我而言，我更愿意在团队中工作，这为我提供了如何与他人相处的学习机会。 自主发现 show concern for 对表示关心 be concerned about/for 关心/挂念 be concerned with/in 与有关/有牵连 as/

30、so far as.be concerned 就而言 语境串记 The mayor was very concerned about the workers safety.He showed much concern for those who worked underground and asked them some questions concerning safety.市长很关心工人的安全。他 对那些在地下工作的人非常关心，并且向他们询问了一些关于安全的问题。 名师提醒 concerned充当前置定语时， 意为“关心的， 挂念的”； 如果表示“有关的”， 作定语要后置。 如： a co

31、ncerned father 一位担心的父亲；all the people concerned 所有相关的人员。 巩固内化 (1)用 concern 的适当形式填空 More and more Chinese people are concerned about wildlife conservation and environmental protection. As far as I am concerned，parents show too much concern about the future of their children.In other words，they are to

32、o concerned about their childrens future. Many teenagers are interested in the novels concerning the Second World War. (2)完成句子 As is known to all, her latest documentary is_concerned_with (与有关)unemployment. I once believed that he was_concerned_in (和有牵连) all those matters you mentioned. As_far_as_I_

33、am_concerned (就我而言), reading English newspapers is of great use. 4cheat vt.欺骗；欺诈 n骗子 The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.(教 材 P9)某些虚拟形象的使用也可能是一种风险，因为人们可以使用虚拟形象在网上欺骗他人。 合作探究 体会 cheat 的用法和意义 She meant to have cheated her aged aunt out of her

34、fortune. 她本打算从年迈的姨妈那里骗取财产。 This politician tried to cheat the people into the belief that he would work for public welfare. 这个政客试图哄骗人们相信他会为大众谋福利。 He is nothing but a cheat.他只不过是个骗子。 The salesman cheated her into buying a fake.那个推销员骗她买了件赝品。 自主发现 cheat sb into doing sth 骗某人(做)某事 cheat sb out_of sth 骗取

35、某人某物 词块积累 cheat in an exam 在考试中作弊 巩固内化 完成句子 The handsome man tried_to_cheat_the_students_into_joining (试图诱骗学生加入) the illegal organization. Tom was caught cheating_in_the_exam(考试作弊) and was punished by the teacher. Two young men cheated_the_old_lady_out_of_her_necklace (骗取了老妇人的项链) and then got away.

36、5view vt.看，把视为；考虑 n风景；视野；观点；见解 However，other users view avatars in a more positive light.(教材 P9) 然而，其他用户用更积极的眼光看待虚拟形象。 合作探究 体会 view 的用法和意义 Being an orphan, he viewed his aunt as his mother. 由于是孤儿，他把他的姨妈看作妈妈。 In my view，it was a waste of time and money. 在我看来，那是浪费时间和金钱。 He climbed up to the top of the

37、 church tower to get a better view of the entire city. 他爬上教堂的塔顶为了更好地看到整个城市。 When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. 当这个老人打开窗户时，一个带着高帽子的陌生人进入了视线。 自主发现 view.as. 把看作 in ones view 在某人看来 get/have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览 come into view 进入视野；看得见 词块积累 in view 在视野之内；看得见

38、 out of view 看不见；在视野之外 at first view 一见(就) in view of 鉴于 巩固内化 单句语法填空/完成句子 As the car approached the town center，several tall buildings came into view. If we sit near the front of the bus，well have a better view. Once，I was faced with great difficulty in learning English，especially in vocabulary and

39、grammar，which，in_my_view，is unlikely to overcome. 我一度在学习英语中面临巨大的困难，特别是在词汇和语法方面，在我看来，这些都不可能克服。 1a variety of 各种各样的 Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.(教 材 P9)但是，几乎没有人想到，虚拟形象在未来居然有如此多样的形式和如此广泛的应用。 短语记牢 记牢下列短语 a variety of varieties of various

40、 种类繁多的 vary with sth 随而变化 vary from.to. 从到不等；在到之间变动 He left for a variety of reasons.他由于种种原因离开了。 Varieties of flowers are sold in the market.市场上出售各种花卉。 Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. 对于这件事，人人意见不一。 巩固内化 (1)单句语法填空 Whether it is in the past，at present，or in the future，time would no

41、t vary with the development of the world. Many parents want to give their children chances to experience a variety of situations. The shop has various (vary) clothes for women customers to choose from. (2)一句多译 我家有各种各样的书。 I have a_variety_of books in my home. I have varieties_of books in my home. 2in

42、stead of 代替，作为的替换 They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes，or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”！(教材 P9) 他们可以给虚拟形象穿上奇装异服，或者他们可以尝试成为异性，称自己为“安迪”而不是“安娜”！ 短语记牢 记牢下列短语 (1)instead of 表示“代替，作为的替换”，为介词短语，其后常接名词、代词或 v.ing 作宾语。 (2)instead 副词，意

43、为“代替，顶替”，单独使用。 Instead of going to Qingdao，Im going to Dalian this year. 今年我将去大连，而不去青岛。 Mr Wang is ill.I will take his class instead. 王老师病了，我将替他上课。 巩固内化 (1)选词填空：instead/instead of Jack didnt study law.Instead，he decided to become an actor. I want to fly to Beijing instead_of taking a train. (2)同义句转换

44、 He didnt answer me；instead，he asked me another question. He asked me another question instead_of answering me. 3look forward to 期望，盼望(to 为介词) They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger， more exciting virtual worlds.(教材 P9) 他们期待着有朝一日，自己的虚拟形象会像真

45、人一样去环游更广阔、更精彩的虚拟世界。 短语记牢 记牢下列短语 look into 往里看；调查 look out 向外看；当心；小心 look up to 仰视；尊敬；赞赏 look down on/upon 俯视；轻视；看不起 look through 浏览；仔细查看 Were really looking forward to seeing you again. 我们真的盼望着能再见到你。 Her parents tell her not to look down upon/on countrymen. 她父母叫她不要瞧不起乡下人。 Look through this proposal

46、for me，and tell me what you think of it. 替我好好看一下这个提案，并把你的想法告诉我。 巩固内化 单句语法填空 He was already looking forward to practising (practise) the new music. He usually looks through newspapers on the sofa in the morning. All his students look up to him because of his unique personalities. 思考 常见的含有介词 to 的短语还有：

47、 be/get_used_to 习惯于 devote.to.把致力于 get_down_to 着手做 lead_to 导致 stick_to 坚持 1They also experiment with things like different hairstyleswhich says a lot，perhaps，about what they want to look like.(教材 P9)他们也会尝试像不同的发型这样的事情，这很可能会体现他们理 想中的样子。 句式解读 句中“what they want to look like”为 what 引导的宾语从句，what 在从句中作宾语。

48、用法总结 what 引导宾语从句时，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 They dont know what happened. 他们不知道发生了什么。(what 在从句中作主语) You cant imagine what he was ten years ago. 你无法想象他 10 年前是个什么样的人。(what 在从句中作表语) I dont know what books he likes reading. 我不知道他喜欢读什么书。(what 在从句中作定语) 巩固内化 单句语法填空 I dont know what I should buy for Fathers Day.

49、Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. I think what impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 2Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.(教材 P9) 一些网民开始担心自己在虚拟世界沉溺太久，以至于开始害怕在现实中与人交往。 句式解读 句中“so much time.that.”为“so.that.”结构。 用法总结 (1)so.that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。其常见形式为： so adj./adv.that. adj.a/ann.（单数可数名词）that. many/few/much/