2021年春人教版八年级英语下册unit5单词解析.doc

1、Unit 5 A 部分单词讲解部分单词讲解 1. rainstorm 暴风雨暴风雨 可数名词可数名词 rainstorms What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm. We must find somewhere safe to keep away from the rainstorm. 我们必须找个安全的地方来避开风暴。 2. alarm （1）可数名词 闹钟；警报 the fire alarm 火警警报火警警报 alarm clock 闹钟闹钟 I get up every day depending on

2、the alarm. 我每天依赖闹钟提醒我起床。 （2）v.恐慌，使惊恐 We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。 3. begin v.开始（开始（began-begun-beginning） begin to do/doing sth=start to do/doing sth.开始做某事 begin with 以.开始 to begin with 首先 ；起初 I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.我正在等公交这时开始我正在等公交这时开始

3、 下起了雨。下起了雨。 Lets begin the class with a funny story. 【拓展】beginning n.开始；开端 beginner n.初学者 at the beginning of 在.开始 4. heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地在很大程度上；大量地 rain/snow heavily 雨雨/雪下得大雪下得大 Its snowing heavily outside. 外面雪下得正大。 【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反 light 轻的）；大量的 The box is too heavy for me to carry. We had to

4、 put off the sports meeting because of the heavy rain. 5. （1） suddenly adv.突然，忽然 突然，忽然(指发生得快且出乎意料) 可用于句首，句中， 句尾 来源:学#科#网 Z#X#X#K （2）sudden adj./n.突然的；突然发生的事 all of a sudden 突然地，只可用于句首或句尾修饰句子 When the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing? =When the rainstorm came all of a sudden, what were yo

5、u doing? 6. pick up (1)pick up (the phone)接电话 I called you last night but you didnt pick up. (2)（开车）接送；让某人搭便车； Im here to pick you up. A car came and picked me up. Im so lucky. (3)捡起 The book is on the floor. Please pick it up. (4)偶然学会 I picked up some English when I stayed with some Americans. 7. s

6、trange stranger-the strangest (1) adj.奇特的；奇怪的； There is a strange smell in the house.房间里有一股奇怪的味道。 I had a strange experience. 我有一段奇特的经历。 (2) adj.陌生的，不熟悉的 The place isnt strange to me at all. 我对这个地方一点都不陌生。 【拓展】stranger n. 陌生人 strangely adv.奇怪地 8. storm n.暴风雨暴风雨 可数名词可数名词 storms stormy 狂风暴雨的狂风暴雨的 The s

7、torm brought people closer together.暴风雨把暴风雨把人们的距离拉得更近了。人们的距离拉得更近了。 9. wind n.风风 windy adj. 有风的有风的 We are encouraged to use new powers like wind power. 我们被鼓励使新能源，比如风能。 10. light (1)n.灯；光，光线 可数名词 lights With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。 Please turn on lights. 请把灯打开。 (2)v.点燃

8、 light-lit-lit 或者 light-lighted-lighted （lighted 可用作形容词 点燃的 a lighted candle 点燃的蜡烛） light up 点亮；照亮点亮；照亮 light up ones life 照亮某人的生活照亮某人的生活 (3) adj.轻的（反 heavy） ;浅色的；明亮的（反义词都是 dark） I want to buy the light blue shirt.我想买那件浅蓝的衬衣。 来源:Z*xx*k.Com 【速记】Because there is something wrong with the light, the boy

9、 in light coat lit the candle to make the room light. 因为灯坏了，那个穿浅色外套的男孩点了蜡烛让房 间明亮了起来 11. report (1) v.报道；公布 It is/was reported/said that+句子句子 据报道据报道/说说. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. 电视里的报道说猛 烈的暴风雨到了这个区。 Its reported that its windy tomorrow. It is said that we will h

10、ave no coal or oil to use in 100 years. 据说我们 100 年后将没有煤炭和石油可以使用。 (2) 可数名词 报道；报告 make a report 作报告作报告 a weather reporter 一则天气预报一则天气预报 【拓展】reporter(s) n.记者 12. area n. 地域，地区地域，地区 可数名词可数名词 areas It also has a small reading area with different kinds of books. 它还有一个小的阅读区，那里有许多不同种类的书。 13. wood n.木头，木木头，木(

11、不可数）不可数） a piece of wood 一根木头一根木头 The chair is made of wood. 这把椅子是木头做的。(看得出原材料) Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。（看不出原材料） 【拓展】woods 树林 wooden adj. 木制的 14. window n.窗户窗户 可数名词可数名词 windows open/close the window 开开/关窗关窗 Would you mind my opening the window? 你介意我开一下窗吗？ 15. match (1)柴；比赛 可数名词 matches can

12、dles and matches 蜡烛和火柴蜡烛和火柴 win/lose the football match 赢得赢得/输了足球赛输了足球赛 Are you confident about the basketball match against Class 9? 你对对战 9 班的这场的篮球比赛有信心吗？ (2)v. 匹配 match.with. 把把.和和.匹配起来匹配起来 Match the pictures with the letters.把图片和字母搭配起来。把图片和字母搭配起来。 16.beat - beat - beaten （1）v.敲打；（心脏/脉搏）的跳动 beat a

13、gainst/on 敲打敲打 Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开当雨开始对着窗户猛烈地敲打时，本在帮他的妈妈做晚始对着窗户猛烈地敲打时，本在帮他的妈妈做晚 饭。饭。 （2）beat打败（人或团队） win 赢得（比赛；竞赛；奖励等） 17.against （1）prep.倚靠；碰；撞； Youd better put the piano against the wall.你最好把钢琴放来靠着墙。 The rain is beating he

14、avily against the windows. 雨猛烈地敲打着窗户。 （2）与.相反；反对 be against (doing)sth 反对（做）某事反对（做）某事 fight against 对抗对抗 These days more and more people are against eating wild animals. 现在越来越多人 反对吃野生动物。 18. （1）asleep adj.睡着的睡着的，只作表语，只作表语 fall asleep 入睡入睡 (2) sleeping adj. 睡着的，与睡觉相关的，作定语 a sleeping bag 睡袋睡袋 sleeping

15、 pills 安眠药安眠药 (3) sleepy adj. 困倦的，作表语或定语 feel sleepy 感到困倦的感到困倦的 I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell, but she was very deeply asleep. 我尝试按门铃来叫醒我妻子，但她睡的太熟了。 19. die down v.逐渐变弱逐渐变弱;逐渐消失逐渐消失 He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at 3:00 am. 大约凌晨三点大约凌晨三点 风逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了。风逐渐变弱时他

16、终于睡着了。 The loud music died down after the teacher came. 【die 相关】die of 死于（内因） die from 死于（外因） die out 灭绝 20. (1)rise vi.升起；（工资）增加；（价格）提高升起；（工资）增加；（价格）提高；rise-rose-risen The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下 (2)raise vt.举起；抬起；募捐 - raised-raised raise money for homeless people

17、为无家可归的人筹钱 raise your hand 举手 If you have questions, please raise your hand. 21. fallen adj. 倒下的，落下的 Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. 到处都是被风到处都是被风 吹到的树，破了的窗户和垃圾。吹到的树，破了的窗户和垃圾。 【回顾】fall v.落下；跌倒；倒塌 fall-fell-fallen sb./sth. fall down. 某人摔倒；某物倒塌 sb./sth. fall down from sth.=sb./

18、sth. fall off sth. 某人/物从摔下里，掉下来 Look, therere many leaves falling off/falling down from the trees. 22. apart adv.相距；分离；分开相距；分离；分开 adj.分离的分离的 take apart 拆开；拆卸拆开；拆卸 Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.虽然这场暴风雨破坏了很多东西，但它把家人和邻居的距离拉更虽然这场暴风雨破坏了很多东西，

19、但它把家人和邻居的距离拉更 近了。近了。 She lives apart from her family.她跟家人分开住。 apart from 除了.外（还有）=besides; 除了.之外（没有）=except for Apart from English, he has to study Japanese. 除了英语外，他还要学日语。 Apart from smoking and drinking, he has no bad habits.除了吸烟喝酒外, 他没有坏 习惯了。 23. have a look at =take a look at=look at 看一看看一看 May I

20、 have a look at your new book? 24. icy adj. 覆盖着冰的，冰冷的覆盖着冰的，冰冷的 icy-icier-iciest The road was icy because of the heavy snow from the night before. 因为前一天因为前一天 的大雪路上结了冰。的大雪路上结了冰。 This is an icy road. 这条路结了冰。 【拓展】【拓展】 ice n. 冰 There is lots of ice on this road. 25. kid （1）v. 开玩笑，欺骗 （多用于进行时态） kids-kidded

21、-kidding Are you kidding (me)? 你在耍我吗？你在开玩笑吗？ (2) n. 小孩 kids=children Unit5 B 部分单词讲解部分单词讲解 1.realize (1)v.理解；领会；认识到 （作这个含义时，不用于进行时态和被动语态） realize sth.意识到某事-realize his mistake realize 宾从(that, 5W1H) 意识到 Kate realized (her) her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家里。凯特意识到她的包还在家里。 Soon I realized that he w

22、as lying to me.很快我意识到他是在骗我。 I didnt realize the importance of English until I read the article. come to realize 逐渐意识到，渐渐认识到 (2) realize 实现；使成为现实（主语是人） come true 实现（主语是物） 来源:Zxxk.Com Sb. realize ones dream. 实现梦想实现梦想 ones dream come true. 梦想实现梦想实现-make ones dream come true Ill realize my dream. =My dr

23、eam will come true. 2. make ones way to 前往，费力地向前往，费力地向 Kate was still making her way to school.凯特还在前往学校的路上。凯特还在前往学校的路上。 We soon made our way to the mountains. 我们很快向山里出发。 【拓展】lose ones way 迷路-get/be lost by the way 随便说一声, 随便问一下(插入语，改变话题时用) on the/ones way(to) 在去的途中 on the way to school/the office 在去学

24、校/邮局的路上 on the way home 在回家的路上 in the/ones way 挡路；妨碍（某人） in this way 这样,以这种方式 3. passage 章节，段落章节，段落 - 可数名词可数名词 passages I am reading a passage about the rainstorm. 我正在读一篇关于这次风暴的文章。 【拓展】 article-passage-paragraph 4. pupil 学生学生 来 来源:学科网可数可数名词 可数名词 pupils -多指小学生多指小学生 student 学生学生 泛指一切学生泛指一切学生 中学生 middl

25、e school student-初中生 junior high school student 高中生 senior high school student 大学生 university /college student How many pupils are there in your class？ 你的班里有多少名小学生？ 5. completely adv. 完全地完全地;彻底地彻底地 My parents were completely shocked. 我父母都很震惊。我父母都很震惊。 You are completely right. 你完全正确。 【拓展】complete adj

26、. 完全的；完整的；彻底的 v.(圆满)完成;结束 较正式较正式 Can you tell me the complete story? Luckily, we completed the work on time. 6. shock （1） n.震惊；震动 可数名词 shocks His death was a great shock to us all. 他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。 （2）v.使震惊；使震动 shocksshockedshocking shocked adj. 惊愕的，受惊吓的 (可做定/表语) be shocked at sb./sth.对感到震惊 be shocked

27、 to do sth.震惊地去做某事 be shocked by 是被动语态的惯用搭配，被震惊 例句：She gave him a shocked look. 她吃惊地看了他一眼。 They were shocked at my advice. 他们对我的建议感到震惊。 We are very shocked to hear the bad news. 我们听到这个坏消息很震惊。 【比较】shock 使震惊 程度较重 只能描述令人不快的事 surprise 使惊讶/使惊喜 程度较轻 可以描述令人愉快，也可以描述令人不快的 事。 7. silence n.沉默；缄默；无声沉默；缄默；无声 不可数

28、名词 in silence 沉默地沉默地 （句末，作状语）（句末，作状语） My parents didnt talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence/silently. 在那之后，我父母没有说话，我们默默地吃完了剩下的晚餐。在那之后，我父母没有说话，我们默默地吃完了剩下的晚餐。 【拓展】silent adj.沉默的 keep silent 保持沉默保持沉默 silently adv.沉默地=in silence 沉默地 Silence is gold.沉默是金。 The students sat do

29、wn silently/in silence. We felt strange about his silence at the party as he used to be very outgoing. 我们对于他的沉默感到奇怪，因为他过去非常外向。 8. recently adv. 最近，不久前最近，不久前 -more recently 更近一些 用于过去式。 He came to see me recently. 多用于完成时态中。 I havent seen him recently. recent adj.最近的-in recent years 最近几年里 Eg. In recent

30、 years, China has changed a lot. The book was published recently.这本书是最近出版的。 9. take down (1) 拆掉，拆除，拆卸拆掉，拆除，拆卸 More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. 更近一些， 绝大 多数美国人都记得纽约世贸中心被恐怖分子摧毁时他们在做什么。 Early in the morning

31、they took down the tents. 一大早他们就把帐篷拆掉了. (2) 写下，记录下写下，记录下=write down Please take down my phone number. The reporter took down everything I said. 记者把我说的所有话都记录下来了。 (3) 往下拽往下拽 Please take down you T-shirt.请把你请把你 T 恤往下拽。恤往下拽。 10. terrorist 恐怖分子恐怖分子 可数名词 terrorists terror 恐怖;惊恐 不可数名词 terrorism n.恐怖主义 11.

32、date n.日期；日子；约会日期；日子；约会 up to date 最近的，最新的 out of date 过时的，过期的 have a date with sb. 和某人约会 (1)询问日期的句型： What date is it today? = Whats the date today? 今天几号？今天几号？ -Its January 16th. (2)询问星期的句型： What day is it today? 今天周几今天周几？-Its Monday. 来源:学科网 ZXXK (3)询问日期又询问星期的句型：(几号星期几) Whats today? 今天几号，星期几？今天几号，星期

33、几？ Its Monday, January 16th. 12. truth U实情，事实实情，事实 true adj. 真实的 truly adv. 真实地 a true story 一个真实的故事 A good friend truly cares about me. tell (sb. ) the truth （和某人）说出实情（和某人）说出实情 to tell the truth 老实说老实说 (作插入语，位于句首作插入语，位于句首) Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event.凯特认为她的凯特认为她的 朋友关于这件事没有说实话。朋友关于这件事没有说实话。 【速记】To tell the truth, he is truly dishonest. Whatever he says is not true. 说实话，他真的很不老实，他说的没有一句实话。