2021新版人教版选修二英语单元综合检测1 .doc

1、单元综合检测单元综合检测(一一) .阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) A When Alfred Nobel created the prizes that bear his name， he decided that they be given for work done in the previous year.But it has led to all kinds of troubleas it did once again this month，when the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology was awa

2、rded to a dead man. It is a complex story，one that could not have been foreseen when Nobel，the Swedish inventor， died in 1896.But it all traces back to his will， written at a time when international prizes were an original idea. Nobel did not say why he wanted to reward scientists who “made the most

3、 important discovery” during the previous year.One can guess that he wanted to reward presentday innovation and not to give tombstone awards to Galileo， Hippocrates，and other scientists from centuries past. But will and science often got involved.The oneyear timing proved impractical； scientific fin

4、dings generally need to be tested，sometimes for decades，before their value is appreciated. Perhaps to avoid the Galileo problem， the Nobel Foundation did state clearly that the award be given only to living people；that rule was made formal in the 1970s.But the rule against posthumous (死后的)awards has

5、 now been violated several timesmost recently this month，when the prize in medicine was given to Dr.Ralph MSteinman，a scientist at Rockefeller University，who died three days before his election.His discovery，called dendritic cells(树突细胞)，took place in 1973. The first posthumous winner was the poet Er

6、ik Karlfeldt.Karlfeldt had refused his selection in 1918 because he was a longtime member of the Swedish Nobel Academy.When he was selected again in 1931，he had died that April. What happens if a candidate dies？The Nobel Foundation might consider changes at its next meeting.One possibility would be

7、to withhold( 阻 止 )the announcement of an award until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls. 【语篇解读】 诺贝尔奖是一个国际奖项，用来奖励前一年在科学上取得重 大发现的人。诺贝尔基金会明确说明这个奖项只颁给活着的人，但科学发现需要 时间来检验。诺贝尔奖能颁给死去的人吗？或许诺贝尔奖需要一些变革。 1What did Alfred Nobel create the prizes for? ATo make himself rememb

8、ered forever. BTo attract international attention to Sweden. CTo encourage contributions to mankind. DTo honor some dead outstanding discoverers. C 推理判断题。 根据第一段中的“he decided that they be given for work done in the previous year”和第三段中的“One can guess that he wanted to reward present- day innovation.”可

9、知， 创立诺贝尔奖的目的就是奖励其所在时代的科学 发现或重大成就。 2Why has the Nobel Prize brought about trouble? AThe oneyear timing is not workable. BNobel Foundation tries to break his will. CNobels fortune is not well managed. DCandidates are hard to be selected worldwide. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The one- year timing proved impractica

10、l； scientific findings generally need to be tested，sometimes for decades，before their value is appreciated.”可知答案。 3What do the examples of the scientist Ralph MSteinman and the poet Erik Karlfeldt suggest? AThe Nobel Foundation should obey the rules. BSome rules of the prize call for reform. CThe No

11、bel Academy failed to perform their duty. DThe winner should live a very long life. B 推理判断题。根据上文可知，诺贝尔奖规定只颁发给健在的科学家， 可是这一年的诺贝尔医学奖颁发给了已经去世的 Ralph MSteinman，1931 年的 诺贝尔文学奖颁发给了已逝的诗人 Erik Karlfeldt，这两个例子足以说明诺贝尔奖 的一些规定需要改革。 4According to the last paragraph，the Nobel Prize is announced to the winner Ain s

12、ecret Bthrough a visit Cby email Don the telephone D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句话中的“.until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls”可知答案。 B My husband，my fourmonthold daughter and I set out on a fiveday driving journey from California to Washington.We had to stop frequently b

13、ecause our little child needed to stretch from the car seat. One of our stops，once we crossed the Oregon border，was at a Black Bear Diner.Walking towards the front door we noticed a gentleman standing at one side.He was clearly untidy，without shoes and wearing worn clothing.We passed right by him an

14、d opened the restaurant door.Then something told me to go back. Holding my daughter，I turned around and said to the gentleman， “Sir.Are you hungry？” He said， “Yes.” I then asked， “May we buy you something to eat？” He responded with， “Sure，I can order something myself.” My husband opened the door and

15、 the gentleman went straight to the counter.I told him to order whatever he wanted.The manager of the restaurant came over quite quickly and looked frightened.I spoke before he had an opportunity to.“This gentleman will have lunch with us today， ” I said.“Please add his order to our bill.” The manag

16、er said with a frown(皱眉)， “Okay.” We turned to our table and the gentleman said，loudly and quickly， “Thank you！” We were seated and upon completing our meal we were handed our bill.I asked my husband what the gentleman had ordered.One fresh orange juice， one coffee， one breakfast combination with a

17、side of hash browns. When we left the restaurant I looked for the gentleman but didnt see him，but that very small act just made my day.I hope in some small way we were able to add some joy to his life，even if only for a few minutes. 【语篇解读】 作者在本文中讲述了一家人去饭馆吃饭时，帮助了一个乞丐 模样的人。作者从帮助别人的行为中感到了极大的快乐。 5From t

18、he appearance of the gentleman，we can guess he was probably a(n) Awaiter Bactor Cbeggar Dworker C 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“He was clearly untidy，without shoes and wearing worn clothing.”可知，那个男人看上去像是一个乞丐。故选 C 项。 6The manager of the restaurant looked frightened because Athe man was not friendly Bthe man had sto

19、len something from the restaurant Che had fired the man before Dhe was afraid the man wouldnt afford to pay the food D 推理判断题。根据常识可知，那个男人看上去像是一个乞丐，饭馆经理 肯定是怕他付不起饭钱，所以感到害怕。故选 D 项。 7From the passage，we can infer the man Awas thankful for their kind act Bfelt ashamed and slipped away Cwas hungry and ate

20、a lot of food Dwas too proud to accept their offer A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We turned to our table and the gentleman said，loudly and quickly， Thank you！”可知，那个男人对作者一家很是感激。 故选 A 项。 C Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879.He was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slow to talk and had di

21、fficulty learning to read.When Albert was five years old，his father gave him a compass.The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same directionto the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Albert did not like sc

22、hool.The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students could not ask questions.Albert said he felt as if he were in prison. In 1905，Albert Einstein published some important papers in a German scientific magazine.They included one of the most important scientific documents in history.It expl

23、ained what came to be called his “Special Theory of Relativity(相对论)”Ten years later he expanded it to a “General Theory of Relativity” In 1921，he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.It was given to him not for his theories of relativity，but for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect(光电 效应)

24、Albert Einstein left Germany in 1933.He moved to the United States to continue his research.Einstein became a citizen of the United States in 1940. Einstein was a famous man，but you would not have known that by looking at him.His white hair was long and wild.He wore old clothes.He showed an inner jo

25、y when he was playing his violin or talking about his work.Students and friends said he had a way of explaining difficult ideas using images that were easy to understand. Einstein spent the last twentyfive years of his life working on what he called a “unified field theory”. He hoped to find a commo

26、n mathematical statement that could tie together all the different parts of physics.However，he did not succeed. Albert Einstein died in 1955 at the age of seventysix. 【语篇解读】 本文简要介绍了爱因斯坦的生平。 8What do we know about Albert Einstein in his childhood? AHe was very clever. BHe liked talking with people. C

27、He was curious about new things. DHe was good at inventing new things. C 推理判断题。 根据第一段关于爱因斯坦对罗盘产生好奇的故事可以推断 出，他对新事物充满好奇心，因此 C 项正确。 9Whats the right order of the following events about Albert Einstein? aHe became a citizen of the United States. bHe won the Nobel Prize in Physics. cHe put forward his “G

28、eneral Theory of Relativity” dHe left Germany for the United States. Ad，b，c，a Bd，a，c，b Cb，c，d，a Dc，b，d，a D 细节排序题。根据文章第三、四、五段可以得知，a、b、c、d 四项发 生的时间分别为 1940 年、1921 年、1915 年及 1933 年，因此 D 项正确。 10What can be inferred about Albert Einstein from the passage? AAlbert Einstein didnt like asking questions at s

29、chool. BAlbert Einstein hated school for its strict rules. CAlbert Einstein cared little about how he looked. DAlbert Einsteins lessons were too difficult to understand. C 推理判断题。 根据倒数第三段可以判断， 爱因斯坦是一个在生活中不拘 小节、不在乎自己外表的人。 11Whats the passage mainly about? AThe life story of Albert Einstein. BThe scien

30、tific discoveries of Albert Einstein. CAlbert Einstein and his theories of relativity. DHow Albert Einstein won great success in his life. A 主旨大意题。本文简要介绍了爱因斯坦的生平，因此 A 项最为恰当。 D We sit too much，and researchers are discovering that even working out in a gym several times a week wont necessarily obviate

31、 serious problems if were sitting for the rest of the time.From weight problems to poor blood glucose(葡萄糖) levels，even early death，the message is clear：we need to stop sitting for hours at a time.What to do？“Move more， ” say the experts. So we asked three fitness instructors for their preferred exer

32、cises that dont require equipment and can be done throughout the day at home，in the office，in a hallway，waiting in line at a grocery store or watching TV. “There are a lot of ways to build activities into a day， ” says Ottawabased fitness instructor Christine Dery， who focuses her classes on core mu

33、scle strength and balance.She reminds her students to seek ways to move more outside class，such as getting off the bus or an elevator ride a few stops early，or doing calf raises，wall squats and wrist stretches while watching TV.“We need to make exercisean important part of our day， ” she says.“Its a

34、bout making yourself a priority.” Ben Gervais，a parttime personal trainer and former kung fu instructor in Ottawa，thinks that little moves matter.“Moves like mowing the lawn，doing work around the house，going for a walk with the kids and playing with the kids can all count as activities as long as yo

35、u get up and move.” He recommends spending the two- minute TV commercial breaks doing wall squats，pushups and situps，or stepping up and down on a step. Stott Pilates trainer and instructor Michele Carini says breathing can be an exercise working abdominal(腹部的) muscles and neck and shoulder muscles.F

36、ocus on sitting tall and drawing air in，so the rib cage(胸腔) expands like an accordion while the stomach stays tense. 【语篇解读】 在现代生活中，很多人坐立的时间太长，这对健康的危害巨 大， 甚至会导致早死。 在专家看来， 一些看起来微不足道的活动对健康很有益处。 12The underlined word “obviate” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ” Apreserve Bseparate Cprevent Ddamage C 词义猜测

37、题。 根据画线词后面的条件状语从句的意思， 并结合长时间坐 立的坏处可以推知，画线词的意思是“预防” 。 13Christine Dery suggests getting off the elevator earlier in order to Aget on another one Bclimb some stairs Chave a break Dtake a bus B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句，再联系上下文的语境可知，提前从电 梯上下来是为了爬几段楼梯，达到锻炼的目的。 14What does Ben Gervais agree with? AYou should get up

38、as early as possible in the morning. BIt is better to watch TV for 2 minutes every day. CDoing housework at home is a good habit. DSmall activities can benefit you quite a lot. D 推理判断题。根据第四段首句中的“little moves matter”可以推知，Ben Gervais 认为一些小小的活动就很有益处。 15How does the author prove his viewpoint? ABy doing

39、 some experiments. BBy listing some practical facts. CBy stating some instructors opinions. DBy introducing some famous researchers. C 篇章结构题。 作者在第二段提到他们向健身教练请教了一些建议， 第三 段到第五段的内容则展示了教练们的建议，故可推知，作者是通过介绍教练们的 建议证明其观点的。 .阅读七选五(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) How teens can stay fit Any type of regular，physica

40、l activity can improve your fitness and your health. 16 Exercise should be a regular part of your day，like brushing your teeth，eating and sleeping.It can be in gym class，joining a sports team，or working out on your own.Keep the following tips in mind： 17 A good attitude is important.Find an activity

41、 that you think is fun.You are more likely to stick with it if you choose something you like.A lot of people find its more fun to exercise with someone else，so see if you can find a friend or family member to be active with you. Take it one step at a time. 18 For example，walk or ride your bike to sc

42、hool.Get on or off the bus several blocks away and walk the rest of the way.Use the stairs instead of taking the elevator. Get your heart pumping(跳动)Whatever you choose，make sure it includes aerobic (有氧的) activity that makes you breathe harder and increases your heart rate.This is the best type of e

43、xercise because it increases your fitness level and makes your heart work better. 19 Examples of aerobic activities are basketball，running， or swimming. Dont forget to warm up. With some easy exercises or stretching(拉伸)before you do any physical activity. 20 It is also important to stretch out after

44、 you exercise to cool down your muscles. AIt also burns off body fat. BStay positive and have fun. CMake physical activity a habit. DSmall changes can add up to better fitness. EThe most important thing is that you keep moving! FThis warms your muscles up and may help protect against injury. GDo the

45、 activity as often as possible，but dont exercise to the point of pain. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章向青少年介绍了几条如何保持身体 健康的建议。 16E 由下文关于运动方面的几条建议可知，作者认为保持身体健康最好 的办法是运动。E 项中的 keep moving 指代下文的 Exercise。 17B B 项中的 Stay positive 和 have fun 分别与下文的 A good attitude 和 activity that you think is fun 相呼应。 18D 根据本段小标题 Take

46、it one step at a time 可知，循序渐进，小小的 改变也能使身体更健康，故选 D 项。 19A 有氧运动可提高健康水平、使心脏更好地工作，也可起到减肥的作 用，故选 A 项。 20F 根据下文的“stretch out after you exercise to cool down your muscles” 可知，运动前先进行热身是为了保护身体避免受伤，故选 F 项。 .完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) I still remember an old lady，a customer on the paper route in my hometown

47、 when I was 12 years old.She taught me a lesson in 21 that I shall never forget. On a winter afternoon，a friend and I were throwing stones onto the 22 of the old ladys house.The stone that I found was too smooth, so it slipped from my hand as I let it go and 23 straight not for the covering on top o

48、f the house but for a small window on the houses back porch.At the sound of broken glass，we knew we were 24 We turned and ran away. I was too 25 about getting caught that first night to be concerned about the old lady with the broken window in the freezing weather.However，a few days later，when I was

49、 sure that I hadnt been 26 ，I started to feel guilty about her misfortune.She still greeted me with a smile each day 27 I gave her the paper，but I was no longer able to act comfortably in her presence. I 28 my mind that I would save my paper delivering money，and in three weeks I had the seven dollar

50、s that I calculated would pay for her window.I put the money in an envelope with a note 29 that I was sorry for breaking her window and 30 that the seven dollars would cover the cost of repairing it. I waited until it was dark，moved 31 to the old ladys house and put the letter I didnt sign through t