人教版(2019)新教材高中英语第三册第五单元词汇学习PPT及词汇导学案WORD文档.zip

Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS Mark Twain Mark Twain Mark Twain Mark Twain 1. Mark Twain: 马克吐温 （18351910）原名萨缪尔兰亨克莱门 （ Samuel Langhorne Clemens) (射手座）是美国的 幽默大师、小说家、作家，也是著名演说家，19 世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。马克 吐温是美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人，他曾被 誉为文学史上的林肯。 他的主要作品已大多有中文译本。2006年，马克 吐温被美国的权威期刊大西洋月刊评为影 响美国的100位人物第16名 。 汤姆索亚历险记 苦行记 王子与贫儿 百万英镑 案中案 三万元遗产 稀奇的经验 马克吐温自传 神秘的陌生人 竞选州长 败坏了哈德莱堡的人 哈克贝利费恩历险记 1.basis bess: n. 基础; 根据; 基点 (复数: bases ) base: n. 底部; 基础; (军事)基地 1)Is money the basis of a happy life? 2)The basis of a good marriage is trust. 3)This report will form the basis for our discussion. 2. on the basis of: 在某事的基础上; 根据某事 1)Scholarships are given mainly on the basis of grades. 2)He was chosen for the job on the basis of his ability. 3. loan ln: n.贷款;借款 You can pay back the loan in three years. loan 4. take out a loan: 取得贷款 get/receive a loan: 获得贷款 apply for a loan: 申请贷款 pay back a loan: 偿还贷款 pay off a loan: 还清贷款 1)Tom spent all his savings and took out a large loan. 2)Were going to take out a small business loan. 3)I will have to take out a loan to buy a house. 4)She wants to take out a loan for school. 5. plastic plstk: n. 塑料; 塑料学 (plastics) adj. 塑料制的;塑料的 1)Chen Liyan found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan Railway Station. 2)A plastic bottle is floating in the water. 3)The pipes are made of plastic. 6. apologise/apologize pldaz: v. 道歉;谢罪 apology pldi: n. 道歉;谢罪 apologise for.: 因.而道歉 apologise to sb (for.): (因.而)向某人道歉 make an apology to sb: 向某人道歉 1)Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldnt offer her more money. 2)If you hurt someones feelings, you should apologise. 3)You should apologize for your mistake. 7. ignore n(r): v. 忽视;对不予理会 leave/letalone/be: 不打扰; 不惊动 leave alone: 更不用说 1)Also, while listening dont ignore the speakers tone and intonation - these can be important clues. too 2)She ignored him and carried on with her work. 3)The government has ignored his views on the project. 8. in return(for.): 作为回报;作为回应 in turn: 依次; 轮流; 转而 1)When we help someone, should we expect to get something in return? 2)In return, they expect you to work hard and make a contribution to the factory. 3)She will buy you a car in return for your help in the past. 4)If we drive in turn, we will not be tired. judge judge 9. judge dd: v. 评价;评判;判断 n. 法官; 审判员; 裁判员 judgement/judgment : n. 判断(力); 判决; 评价 judging by/from: 从判断 coach: n. 教练 athlete/player : n. 运动员 1)Should we judge people based on how much money they have? 2)Dont judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人。 3)The judge sentenced(判处) him to ten years in prison. 4)Judging by her last letter, she is having a wonderful time there. 10.scene sin: n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面 see - saw - seen: 看见; 明白 1)THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE ACT1, SCENE 3 2)Many firefighters were on the scene immediately. (在现场) 3)The driver was seen running away from the scene of the accident. 11.narrator nret(r): n (书/戏剧或电影中的)叙述者;讲述者; (电视节目中的)幕后解说员 1)Lucy, the storys narrator, is an actress in her late twenties. 2)The narrator is a special and important character. 12.narration nren: n.叙述; 讲述; 解说 1)He has recorded the narration for the film. 2)This novel uses the first person(人称) in narration. bet 13.bet bet (bet-bet): n. 打赌;赌注 v.下赌注;用打赌 win/lose a bet: 赌赢/赌输 1)He bet $500 on the final score of the match. 2)You have to be over 16 to bet. 3)We can put a bet on almost anything these days. 4)I have a bet on the horse. 14.make a bet : 打个赌 make a bet with sb : 与某人打个赌 make/have/place/put a bet on.: 就.打赌/下赌 1)Two rich brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet. 2)Lets make a bet on the football match. servant 15. servant svnt: n. 仆人;佣人 serve: v. 服务; 提供; 端上; 够吃/用; 接待 a public servant: 公务员 waiter: n. (男)服务员 waitress: n. (女)服务员 1)They treat their mother like a servant. 2)This man is a hardworking public servant. 16. as a matter of fact: 事实上;其实; 说真的 in fact = in effect = actually 1)Its not that/so difficult. As a matter of fact, its quite easy. 2)As a matter of fact, he isnt richer than a beggar. 3)You did a good job, as a matter of fact. 17. by accident: 偶然地; 意外地 by chance: 偶然地 on purpose: 故意地 by mistake: 错误地; 无意中 1)As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident. 2)We met by accident at the airport. 3)Last time I met her in the street by accident. 4)She discovered the problem by accident. 5)The old man got his lost car back by accident. 18. sail seil: v.(船)航行; (人)乘船航行 sailor: n. 海员; 水手 go sailing: 去航海; 驾帆船航行 set sail (from/for): 起航; 开航 1)About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 2)We discovered that house while we were sailing around the island. 19.spot spt: v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹 discover: v. 发现 see: v. 看见 notice/note: v. 注意到 place: n. 地点; 场所; 处所 on the spot/scene: 在现场 1)The next morning I was spotted/ discovered by a ship. 2)Can you spot the difference between these two pictures? 3)She is wearing a black skirt with white spots. 4)He says the spots are usually caused by too much water. 20.consulate knsjlt: n. 领事馆 1)They managed to make contact with the Chinese consulate in Los Angeles. 2)The United States Consulate can provide further information about the plane crash. 3)Your headmaster has been seen entering the Japanese consulate. 领事馆(consulate)是一国驻在他国某个 城市的领事代表机关的总称,根据维也 纳领事关系公约,领馆分为总领事馆、 领事馆、副领事馆和领事代理处。领事 馆负责管理当地本国侨民和其它领事事 务。两个国家断交,一定会撤销大使馆,但 不一定撤销领事馆。 大使馆(embassy)是一国在建交国首都派 驻的常设外交代表机关。大使馆代表整 个国家的利益,全面负责两国关系,馆长是 大使,由国家元首任命并作为国家元首的 代表履行职责。大使馆的首要职责是代 表派遣国,促进两国的政治关系,其次是促 进经济、文化、教育、科技等方面的关 系,使馆同时具有领事职能。 21.dare de(r): v. 胆敢;敢于 情态动词: 用于否定句、疑问句、if条件句； 一般现在时无人称或数的变化, 均用原形, 后接动词原形。 一般过去时要加d 。 实义动词: 有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时第三人称单数作主语要加s, 一般过去时要加d; 用do/does/did构成否 定句，疑问句及回答。后接to不定式， to可以省去。 1)I darent stand on the top of the tower. There is something wrong with my heart. 2)If you dare speak to your teacher like that, I will punish you. 3) -Dare you swim in the river? -Yes, I dare. / No, I darent. 1)I went to the American consulate to seek help, but . Anyway, I didnt dare to try again. 2)We dare (to) stand in the sun for about twenty minutes. 3)She dares (to) jump down the building. 4)He dared (to) cross the expressway yesterday. 5)They will dare to ask such questions as sex. 22. sort st: n. 种类; 类别 (没有 kind 正式) kind: n. 种类 (普通用词,常与 sort/type 换用) type: n. 种类; 类型 1)What sort/kind of work did you do in America? 2)Hes the sort of person who only cares about money. 3)There are many different sorts of animals on the island. 4)Birds can be divided into many kinds/sorts/types. 5)What blood type do you have? (Blood type O) 23.mining man: n. 采矿;采矿业 mine: v. 开矿; 采矿 pron. 我的 (不接名词) n. 矿井; 矿; 地雷; 水雷 1)I worked for a mining company. 2)Mining may pollute the river and damage the forest. 24.patience pens: n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力 patient pent: n. 病人 patient zero: 零号病人 patient: adj. 有耐心的; 坚韧的 be patient with: 对有耐心 1)Patience. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have? 2)Teaching children with special needs requires/calls for patience. 3)I dont have the patience to teach such children. 4)He has no patience for this kind of work. 25. to be honest: 说实话;坦率地说 to tell (you) the truth: 老实说; 说实话 1)Well, to be honest, I have none. 2)To be honest (with you), I dont remember what he said last night. 3)To be honest, making money is not easy. 26. ought to (do.): 应该; 应当 t 【ought to, should作 “应该”讲时,常可互换。 但前者语气友善温和,没强制意义】 1)Now if youll excuse me, I ought to be on my way. 2)I feel that we ought to accept his proposal. 3)You ought to be stricter with your son. Hes very naughty. 27.be about to do sth: 即将或正要(做某事) (通常不与表示将来的时间状语连用) 1)Yes, I was about to go get the letter. 2)The new school year is about to begin. 3)The plane is about to take off, and we must hurry up. 4)I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 28.indicate ndket: v. 表明; 显示; 象征; 暗示 1)This implied(暗示的) meaning often indicates peoples feelings, attitudes, or motives. 2) A red sky at night often indicates fine/good weather the next day. 3)Mr Brown has indicated that he may leave the job. 4)The research indicates/shows that smoking is bad for our health. 29. beneath bni: adv./prep. 在(或往)下面; 在的表面之下 beneath: 正式用词,与 under, below 基本同义 under: prep. 在下面 below: prep./adv.在下面 (指某物所处的位置低于另一物) 1)You have to read between the lines (字里 行间)because the real messages are often hidden beneath the literal(字面 意义的) meaning. 2)My desk is beneath/below the window. 3)The groundwater is only four metres beneath/under the city streets. 4)There are ten students beneath/under the big tree. 30. postpone pspn: v. 延迟; 延期; 延缓; 推迟 postpone sth: 延迟/推迟什么 postpone doing.: 延迟/推迟做什么 postpone . till/until/to.: 把.推迟到. = put off .(till/until/to.) put off sth: 推迟什么 1)They said the letter inside would explain what it was all about, but he had to postpone opening it until 2 oclock. 2) Well have to postpone the sports meeting until/till/to next week. 3)The concert has already been postponed five times. 31. odd d (US): adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的 strange: adj. 奇怪的; 陌生的(普通用词) stranger: n. 陌生人 1)Henry felt that was odd. 2)They are very odd people. 3)Theres something odd/strange about that woman. 32. obligation blen: n.义务;职责;责任 responsibility: n. 责任; 负责; 职责; 义务 a sense of obligation: 责任感 have a obligation to do.: 有责任/义务做什么 (上面两个短语可改为responsibility/duty) 1)We have a moral obligation to protect the environment. 2)Governments have at least a moral obligation to answer these questions. 33. intention ntenn: n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的 intend: v. 打算; 计划; 想要 have every intention of doing.: 一心想做什么 have no intention of doing.: 无意/不打算做什么 1)I have no intention of going to their wedding. 2)He left Egypt with the intention of travelling in Asia. 3)She has told us her intention to attend a key university. 34. nowhere nwe(r): adv. 无处;哪里都不 (nowhere在句首，句子要倒装) get/go nowhere: 毫无进展 get sb nowhere: 让某人毫无进展 1)In the film The Million Pound Bank Note, Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. 2)There was nowhere for me to sit/ stand/sleep/live. 3)Nowhere can you find such a beautiful city like Dalian. 35. in case: 假如;以防;以防万一 (just) in case: 以防万一 in case of: 假如; 在的时候 in this case: 既然这样; 在这种情况下 in that case: (假如)那样的话; 既然如此 in any case: 无论如何;不管怎样 in no case: 决不; 绝不 (在句首, 句子要倒装) 1)In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what would you do? 2)You should take the umbrella with you in case it rains hard. 3) I will stay around the park in case you need me. 4)In no case can you leave the child alone at home. 36.extent kstent: n. 程度;限度;大小;范围 1)I am amazed at the extent of his knowledge. 2)The student had changed to such an extent that I no longer recognized him. 3)The government has little information on the extent of the pollution. 4)Do they know the extent of the damage of the stong earthquake? 37. to extent: 到程度;在程度上 to some/an/a certain extent/degree: 在某种程度上 1)To a certain extent , the president is responsible for the present situation. 2)To a certain extent, its much easier for men to get work. 3)To some/an extent, this was the truth. 38. opera pr: n.歌剧 play: n. 戏剧 (see/watch a play) Peking Opera: 京剧 see/watch an opera: 看歌剧 go to the opera: 去看歌剧 1)I quite like opera. 2)If you have never been to an opera, you havent lived. 39. musical mjuzkl: n. 音乐剧 adj.音乐的 music: n. 音乐 musician: n.音乐家 1)Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He was going to watch this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend. 2)She is not only clever but also very musical. 3)He was born into a very musical family. 4)Almost everyone has some musical ability. dinosaur dinosaur dinosaur dinosaur 40.dinosaur dans(r): n. 恐龙 The dinosaurs disappeared from the earth around 65,000,000 years ago. 41.hug h: v./n. 拥抱;抱紧 embrace mbres: v. (正式)拥抱 1)I was so surprised at the news that David was going to play the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy. 2)She gave her mother a big hug. 3)He hugged his mother tightly. 4 )The woman sat in the chair, hugging her knees. 42. pursue psju: v. 追求; 致力于 1)Lily decided that she would settle in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress. 2)She pursues perfection and pays attention to all the fine details. 3)We must pursue the research into the cancer. 43. duty dju:ti/du:ti: n.责任;义务;职责;值班 a sense of duty: 责任感 have a duty to do.: 有责任/义务做什么 (上面两个短语可改为responsibility/obligation) do ones duty for.: 为.尽责 report for duty at.: 某时报到上班 go off duty: 下班 get off work: 下班 go to work: 上班 It is ones duty to do.: 做什么是某人的职责。 1)Who is on duty today? 2)It is my duty to report it to the police. 3)He considers it his duty to serve the people heart and soul. 44. on duty: 值班;值勤;值日 off duty: 不值日/班/勤 on night duty: 值夜班 on duty during the day: 白天值班 on duty during (the festival): 假日 1)Jim is not here right now. He said he would be on duty at the library this afternoon. 2)The girl is on duty eight hours every day. 3)He was on night duty last Thursday. 45. hesitate heztet: v.犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑 hesitation hezten: n. 犹豫; 疑虑;不情愿 hesitate about/over: 对犹豫 hesitate to do: 做什么顾虑;不愿做什么 1)Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill? 2) Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions about it. 3)Do not hesitate to laugh at anything you find amusing. 4) I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job. 46. sequence sikwns: v. 按顺序排列 n. 顺序;一系列 a sequence of .: 一系列; 一连串 a sequence of plays/accidents: 连续剧/一连串事故 1)The human genome(基因组) has now been sequenced. 2)These pages are out of sequence. 3)The article deals with the events in historical sequence. 4)The tasks have to be performed in a particular sequence. (按一定顺序) 47. eventually ventuli: adv.最后;终于 event vent: n.事情; 事件;大事; 比赛项目 finally: 最后; 终于 in the end: 最后; 终于 at last: 最后; 终于 in closing: 最后; 在结束时 1)Eventually your children will leave home to lead their own life. 2)News of his affair eventually reached his wifes ears. 3)The police eventually found the stolen paintings. 4) The eight persons were eventually rescued by helicopter. tailor 48. tailor tel(r): n.(男装)裁缝 v.专门制作;定做 at the tailors: 在裁缝店 at the doctors: 在诊所 at the butchers: 在肉店 1)He sees a sign for a tailors shop. 2)A tailor is a person whose job is to make mens clothes. 3)And all the children are now wearing the clothes that the tailor has made. 4)The beautiful suit is tailored in Shanghai. 49. clerk klk/klrk: n.职员;文书;店员 clock klk: 闹钟 oclock klk:点钟 1)He serves as a clerk in a bank. 2)Alice started as a clerk at the clothes factory. 3)The clerks at the shop are friendly to customers. 50. manner mn(r): n. 举止;行为方式; 方法; (复数)礼貌;礼仪 in this/that manner(way): 用这种/那种方法 have good/bad manners : 有/没有礼貌 It is good/bad manners to do: 做.是有/无礼貌 a manner of doing sth: 做什么的方法 a way of doing/to do sth: 做什么的方法 an approach to (doing) sth: (做) 什么的方法 a method of/for (doing) sth: (做) 什么的方法 1)His manner was polite but cool. 2)She had a very relaxed manner. 3)The girl has good/bad manners. 4)It is bad manners to talk to your teacher like that. 5)It is good manners to respect the old. 51. in a manner: 以一种的方式; 带着一副的样子 1)My boss smiled again in a friendly manner. 2)The problem can be solved in this manner. 3)I was determined to take the news in a calm manner. 52. downstairs danstez: