Unit 4 Space Exploration Section Ⅱ （新教材）人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册课件.pptx

1、Unit 4 Space Exploration Section Discovering Useful Structures 夯基提能作业夯基提能作业 单元语法精析单元语法精析 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 单元语法精析单元语法精析 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 语法点拨 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某 些特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 这里重点讲解动词不定式作定语和状语的用法。 动词不定式作定语和状语 返回导航 Unit

2、 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 以do为例，不定式的各种形式如下表： 主动形式 被动形式 说明 一般式 to do to be done 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词 的动作同时发生或在其后发生 进行式 to be doing / 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词 的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式的动作发生在句中谓语 动词的动作之前 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 一、动词不定式用作定语 1动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表 示尚

3、未发生的动作。 Let us give him something to eat. 让我们给他一些吃的东西。 We have much homework to do tonight. 今晚我们有很多作业要做。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 2名词前有first，last，next，only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要 用动词不定式。 She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。 3抽象名词attempt，abi

4、lity，chance，desire，determination， decision，plan，way或不定代词something，nothing等后面常用不定式作 后置定语。 But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work. 但是詹尼斯 阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 4当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。 I usually have a lot of meeting to attend. 我通常有很多会议要参加。 She i

5、s a nice person to work with. 她是一个很好的合作伙伴。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 5当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。 We must find a person to do the job. 我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。 We need someone to go and get a doctor. 我们需要有人去请医生。 6当名词与定语有同位关系时。 We got the order to leave the city. 我们接到了离开这个城市的命令。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Expl

6、oration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 单句语法填空 The airport _(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. Do you have anything _(do) tonight? The best way _(improve) your English is to join an English club. to be completed to do to improve 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 二、动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来修

7、饰动词和形容词，也可 用来修饰副词。在句中，不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、 条件状语等，可表示目的、原因及结果等。 1目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强 语气，常与in order或so as组成短语。 A group of young people got together to discuss this question. 一群年轻人聚在一起讨论这个问题。 In order to help him, we would do everything we can. 为了帮助他，我们将尽我们所能。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必

8、修 第三册RJ ） 不定式作目的状语 (1)不定式作目的状语时，其动作通常迟于谓语动词的动作。 I said that to encourage him. 我这么说是为了鼓励他。 (2)置于句首时只用to do/in order to do。如用于表示否定，in order或 so as不能省略，用in order not to do或so as not to do形式。 I walked quietly so as not to disturb the baby. 我安静地走路，以免打扰婴儿。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） (3)不定

9、式作目的状语可转换为so that/in order that或so.that.引导的 目的状语从句。 He worked very hard to pass the exam. He worked so hard that he could pass the exam. He worked hard so that/in order that he could pass the exam. 他非常努力以便能通过考试。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 2原因状语，多见于“sb.beadj.to do.”结构句中。 I was very s

10、ad to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。 3结果状语，多见于“too.to”；“enough to.”；only to do(表示意料 之外的结果的发生)；so/such.as to(意为“如此以至于”)结构 句中。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） Im too tired to do well. 我太累了做不好。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 He rushed back, only to find the book missing. 他冲了回来，却发现书

11、不见了。 She is so proud as to look down upon others. 她太骄傲了，看不起别人。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 4独立动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事 情的看法。 Id like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good. 我想保持健康，但说实话，我只吃味道好的食物。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 现在分词与不定式作结果状语的

12、区别 (1)动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。 Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didnt fit. 她急切地从包裹里拿出衣服试穿，结果发现衣服不合身。 (2)现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的，必然造成的结果。 His father passed away, leaving him a little money. 他父亲去世了，留给他一点钱。 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 单句语法填空 (

13、2020 (天津卷)英语笔试(第一次)The local government doesnt have to sacrifice environmental protection _ (promote)economic growth. (2020 (天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)_ (help)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. _(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell seve

14、ral times. to promote To help To work out 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） _(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jace has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. He hurried to the station only _(find) the train had left. (全国卷)We travel on Day 2 to northern France _(visit)

15、 the World War battlefields. (全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad _(find) them alive. (全国卷)Join us _(taste) a variety of fresh local food and drinks. To learn to find to visit to find to taste 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 语法专练 单句语法填空 1The old man sat in

16、front of the television every evening, happy _(watch) anything that happened to be on. 2I dialed up corporate headquarters, only _(tell) those names were not yet public. 3Volunteering gives you a chance _(change) lives, including your own. 4The building _(complete) next year is designed for teachers

17、. to watch to be told to change to be completed 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 5Its standard practice for a company like this one _ (employ) a security officer. 6_(free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 7They hurried to the

18、station, only _(find) their train had gone five minutes before. 8He hurried to school only _(find) nobody there. 9Can you tell me which is the car _(repair)? 10Im glad _(know) the news that we have won the match. to employ To free to find to find be repaired to know 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（

19、必修 第三册RJ ） 根据提示完成句子 1He is the teacher _. 他是下学期教我们英语的老师。 2I have nothing _. 我对这问题没什么可说的。 3The whole family went to beach _. 全家人去海滩度周末。 to teach us English next term to say on this question to spend their weekend 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 4We shall be very happy _. 我们将很高兴在这个项目上与你合作。

20、 5The next plane _ is from New York. 下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。 6He is always _ and last to leave the office. 他总是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开。 7There are enough chairs for the guests _. 有足够的椅子给客人坐。 to cooperate with you in the project to arrive the first to come to to sit on 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 8We are

21、 delighted _ that youre going to visit us next month. 很高兴得知你下个月要来看我们。 9The tea is _. 这茶太热了，不能喝。 10He lifted a rock only _. 他搬起石头结果砸到了自己的脚。 to know too hot to drink to drop it on his own feet 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 语法主题应用 李华正在和同学张青谈论他的宇航员梦想，请根据语境和提示完成 对话。 Zhang：I 1._(很高兴得知) you a

22、re interested in the space exploration. Li：Indeed, Id like to be an astronaut in the future. Zhang：Sounds good. 2._(要想成为一名宇 航员), you need to satisfy the requirements of a qualified astronaut. am delighted to know To become an astronaut 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） Li ： Yes.First of al

23、l, I should study hard 3._ _ (为了得到一个相关的大学学位)Besides, I must take exercise every day 4._(来保持健康) Zhang：Exactly.Have you heard Yang Liwei, who is the first man in China 5._(进入太空), went through lots of mental and physical training. Li：Of course.He is really a hero.He realized our dream 6._ _(探索太空) to get a related college degree to keep healthy to go into space to explore space 返回导航 Unit 4 Space Exploration 英语（必修 第三册RJ ） 夯基提能作业夯基提能作业