(2019新教材)人教版英语高中一年级必修三非谓语动词之动词ing形式课件(共23张PPT).ppt

1、高中英语高中英语 高一年级高一年级 非谓语动词之动词-ing 形式 Learning objectives: After this class, you will be able to know what is v-ing form and how to use it correctly and properly. 非谓语动词非谓语动词 非谓语动词是指由动词变化而来， 具有动词的性质和意义，但不能 充当谓语来使用的词。 非谓语动词的三种形式： 1. 过去分词 （done）【被动、完成】 2. 动词不定式 （to do）【将来、未完成】 3. 动词-ing形式 （doing）【主动、进行】 V-

2、ing form 构成规则： 规则规则 动词原形动词原形 现在分词现在分词 一般情况直接加-ing clean, look,read cleaning,looking,reading 以不发音的e结尾的动词 去掉e再加ing make, come,dance making,coming,dancing 以重读闭音节结尾，末 尾只有一个辅音字母的 动词，双写辅音字母再 加ing get,swim,begin getting,swimming, beginning 少数以ie结尾的动词，先 变ie为y, 再加ing lie,tie,die lying,tying,dying 以y 结尾的加ing

3、play,buy,study playing,buying,studying v-ing form v-ing形式在句子中不能单独充当谓语， 但可以充当以下成分： 1. 主语 (the subject) 2. 宾语 (the object) 3. 表语 (the predicative) 4. 定语 (the attributive) 5. 宾语补足语 (the object complement) 6. 状语 (the adverbial) 一. V-ing作主语 1. Studying English is of great importance. * v-ing 作主语，谓语动词用单数

4、2. Its no use crying over the spilt milk. * it作形式主语，后紧接否定含义的词时，用 doing来作真正的主语。 同类句型：Its no good/ useless/ a waste of time doing 二. V-ing作宾语 Please practise speaking English every day. attention： 只可接doing而不可接to do 作宾语的动词 enjoy/ finish/ avoid/ deny/ admit/ appreciate/ keep/ mind/ risk/ suggest/ consid

5、er/ miss/ quit/ imagine/ dislike/ delay/ tolerate等 practice： I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged. (2018全国三卷) looking 三. V-ing作表语 1. My job is teaching English. attention：动名词作表语多表示抽象性或习惯 性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 2. This question is very

6、 puzzling. attention：现在分词作表语多具有形容词的性 质，一般说明主语的性质、特征等。 practice： Climbing mountains was _, so we all felt _. (tire) tiring tired 四. V-ing作定语 1. I have a sleeping bag. （表示功能或用途） 2. Here is a sleeping baby. （表示主动、正在进行） 3.The boy calling himself Tom is my friend. attention： 如果v-ing是单独的一个词，则作前置定语； 如果v-in

7、g是一个短语，则作后置定语。 practice： The flowers _ (smell) sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature. smelling 五. V-ing作宾语补足语 1. I saw him running along the road. (v-ing 作感官动词的宾语补足语，如watch, notice,observe,hear,feel,smell,listen to等) 2. You shouldnt keep him waiting there.

8、(v-ing 作使役动词的宾语补足语，如have, get,make,let,leave,set,send等) 3. With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. (v-ing在with复合结构中作宾语补足语) practice： 1. I looked up and noticed a snake _ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 2. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth. 3. Wi

9、th spring _ (approach), trees turn green. winding running approaching 六. V-ing作状语 * 功能： V-ing在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子， 表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式、结果 或伴随等情况。相当于一个状语从句。 六. V-ing作状语 1. Hearing the bad news, he cried. (原因/时间状语) 2. They came in, talking and laughing. (伴随状语) 3. Fill in the blanks using what we have lea

10、rnt. (方式状语) 4. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. (结果状语) Not knowing the way, he stopped to ask directions. *v-ing的否定是直接在前面加not/never等否定词。 自然而然的自然而然的 六. V-ing作状语 * 原则： V-ing的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。 如果不一致，则须用独立主格结构来表示， 也就是在v-ing前加上它的逻辑主语。 Weather permitting, we will go there on foot. V-ing没有人称和数的变换，没有人

11、称和数的变换， 但有时态或语态的变化但有时态或语态的变化. 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态 意义意义 一般式一般式 doing being done do 表示的动作与句中谓语动 词的动作同时或几乎同时发 生 完成式完成式 having done having been done do 表示的动作发生在句中谓 语动词的动作之前 *V-ing的时态和语态： 当v-ing的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用一般（doing）； 当v-ing的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时，用完成式 （having done）。 Walking in the street, I met an old frien

12、d of mine. Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide. v-ing的主动式or被动式，取决于该动作与句子主语之间的主被 动关系。 The question being discussed now is important. Having been criticized by the teacher, he decided to study hard. （同时发生）（同时发生） （先后发生）（先后发生） （一般式的被动）（一般式的被动） （完成式的被动）（完成式的被动） *特殊情况 有些v-ing作为句子的评注性状

13、语来修饰整个句子， 表明说话者的态度、观点等。不考虑与句子主语 的关系。 generally speaking，frankly speaking, taking.into consideration，considering, speaking of, talking of, providing,supposing, judging from. Judging from his pale face, he must be ill. have a try: Read Toms diary and rewrite the underlined sentences using the v-ing fo

14、rm as the adverbial. After we had prepared for the journey for several days, we set out. On the way to the railway station, we chatted and laughed and we enjoyed ourselves very much. However, our bus was held by the traffic jam, and thus it caused the delay. To our relief, we caught the train. I sat

15、 on the chair, looked out of the window and hoped for a good journey. my answer: Having prepared for the journey for several days, we set out. On the way to the railway station, chatting and laughing we enjoyed ourselves very much. However, our bus was held by the traffic jam, causing the delay. To our relief, we caught the train. I sat on the chair, looking out of the window and hoping for a good journey. Thank youThank you！ See youSee you！