江苏省南京市2016-2020年五年高考一模英语试题精选汇编：阅读理解专题含答案.doc

1、阅读理解专题 江苏南京市、盐城市 2020 届高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题 第三部分 阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 A Twin Cities Campus Office of Admissions 240 Williamson Hall 231 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Dear Blair Connie, Congratulations! You have been admitted to

2、the University of Minnesota (U of M) Twin Cities. Your college of admission is the College of Science and Engineering. We believe your accomplishments have prepared you well to thrive here. When you step on campus as a Golden Gopher, you will be involved in our world-class academic programs and will

3、 shape your future in cutting-edge facilities. Choose a community bursting with Gopher pride. By choosing the U of M, you choose to work with classmates and professors who are “Driven to Discover.” When you choose the U of M, you will Discover exceptional academics. With thousands of courses to pick

4、 from each semester, you can engage with professors who are leaders in their fields and make meaningful connections with your fellow students in our technology-packed active learning classrooms. Discover unique opportunities. At the U of M, your college experience goes beyond the classroom. Your kno

5、wledge and talents can shine in one of our 900+ student organizations. Discover an ideal location. Campus is in the center of Minneapolis and St. Paul, where you can work as trainees at one of the 18 Fortune 500 companies or thousands of startups and nonprofits in the Twin Cities. Discover great val

6、ue. The U of M is committed to four-year graduation, which lowers your costs and gets you an internationally recognized degree sooner. The University has been named “best value” by Forbes, Princeton Review, and Kiplingers. On behalf of the U of M, we are honored to have you join our academic communi

7、ty. In the coming weeks you will receive additional information about your next steps to becoming a U of M student. Welcome to the Class of 2024! Executive Director of Admissions Sincerely Heidi Meyer 56. What does the underlined phrase “a Golden Gopher” refer to? A. A freshman. B. A professor. C. A

8、n amateur. D. An inspector. 57. Which of the following is the benefit of choosing the U of M? A. The university invites leaders in different fields to teach on campus. B. There are numerous clubs which offer students various activities. C. It is so ideally located that you have easy access to famous

9、 top brands. D. Many magazines rank it among the top universities with high tuition. 【答案】56. A 57. B 【解析】 本文为一篇应用文。文章为一封学生被学院录取后，大学通知书对于学校相关信息的介绍。 【56 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“Congratulations! You have been admitted to the University of Minnesota (U of M) Twin Cities.” 可知，恭喜你!你被明尼苏达双城大学录取了。表明这封信是一封入学通知书，结合

10、下文对于学校相关信息的介绍可知，这里的 golden gopher 指的是大一新生。故选 A 项。 【57 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Discover unique opportunities 中“Your knowledge and talents can shine in one of our 900+ student organizations.”可知，学校提供了 900 个以上的学生组织，学校有许多俱乐部为学生提供 活动。因此，选择 U of M 的好处是这里有许多俱乐部为学生提供各种各样的活动。故选 B 项。 B You are standing in a hall packed

11、with friends, family, colleagues and peers. You are about to walk onto the stage and address theme. Youre expected to say something meaningful and profound and everyone is hanging on your every word. You need to be clearly spoken, confident and calm, maybe even funny. How do you feel? If youre shaki

12、ng, sweating and looking for the exit, youre normal. Most of us are scared of public speaking and yet, as a society, were becoming more obsessed with hearing what people have to say: we watch endless TED talks, download podcasts and screen hours of YouTube clips. Being able to address a crowd is no

13、longer the domain of the braveif you want to get ahead in your career, you need to master it. Ive done enough public speaking to have picked up some tips and tricks, and these are the ones I rely on most. The most important thing is to prepare. You dont have to write out your speech word by word but

14、 get the headline, three key points and the concluding sentence on paper and put bullet points under each. Then run through it and note which of your bullet points made it in and what you added. Adapt your notes and try again. Keep going until you have a structure. Now its time to watch yourselfyes,

15、 get out your camera and film yourself. This is how you will see the points that need work and where you can polish it up. Most of the information the audience will take away will be from your energy and your tone, a little from your words. Once you have sorted out the words, focus on how to exude(散

16、发) the right energydo you need confidence or humor? I go for confidence so, five minutes before a talk, I try to recall a success Ive had. I focus on the details and aim to bring that feelings of competence to life. Finally, breathe. We cannot speak without breath, yet it is the first thing we let g

17、o of when we are nervous. Settle your breathing before you start. If you lose control of your breath in the middle, say “Lets take a moment to think about that last point.” That gives you a pause to collect your breath. The only way to get over a fear of public speaking is to do it, again and again.

18、 You will have good and bad experiences but, if you do it enough, youll realize that, occasionally, its fun. 58. According to the author, why is public speech important to the average? A. Friendships can be established through it. B. Public speeches can display our courage. C. There are more occasio

19、ns for pubic speeches. D. It is beneficial to our way up the career ladder. 59. Which of the following tips is recommended by the author? A. Preparing and writing down every detail. B. Displaying right energy during the speech. C. Watching famous films of public speeches. D. Telling key points and b

20、ullet points apart. 60. What view does the author hold about public speaking? A. It creates more and more fun if we stick to practice. B. It is easier to practise at home than to perform outside. C. Experiences of public speaking can delight us sometimes. D Attempts to give public speaking tend to f

21、ail in the end. 【答案】58. D 59. B 60. C 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。文章从对演讲的恐惧讲到具体的准备和应对演讲恐惧的方法。 【58 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 if you want to get ahead in your career, you need to master it 可知，如果你 想在事业上取得成功，你需要掌握它。所以作者认为，为什么公众演讲对普通人来说很重要是因为 这对我们的职业生涯有好处。故选 D 项。 【59 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“once you have sorted out the words, focus

22、 on how to exude the right energy.” 可知，一旦你整理好了这些词，就把重点放在如何释放正能量。所以我们在演讲时需要展示正能量。 故选 B 项。 【60 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You will have good and bad experiences but, if you do it enough, youll realize that, occasionally, its fun.”(你会有好的和坏的经历，但是，如果你做得足够多，你会偶尔意识 到，它是很有趣的。)可知，作者对公众演讲持的观点是演讲的经历有时会使我们高兴。故选 C 项。 C T

23、hrowing handfuls of bread to birds has long been seen as harmless enough. But in recent years, some scientists have suggested that bread might not do birds digestive systems any good, saying that as uneaten food rots down, the water quality worsens and algal blooms can occur. Plus, by encouraging bi

24、rds to gather in one place, the build-up of droppings may result in outbreaks of disease too. Meanwhile, many cities have signs telling us not to feed pigeons and gulls, which are considered an “annoyance” due to the mess they make, and scattering bread inevitably attracts rats and mice. It seems th

25、at the public has accepted these warnings, and that fewer of us now feed birds this way. In October, a sign went up in a Derbyshire park claiming that the local birds were dying of starvation, and urging visitors to feed them as before. When online posts about the notice went viral, feathers flew as

26、 people debated the benefits of handing out bread to birds. Paul Stancliffe of the British Trust for Ornithology(BTO) points out that theres insufficient scientific evidence for bread harming birds, adding that, as little research has been done, it could even turn out to be beneficial. “We just dont

27、 know,” he says. Although bread is a heavily processed “unnatural” food intended for humans, that alone may be insufficient grounds for not feeding it to birds. In the 1980s, the Wildfowl “Style is an expression of individualism mixed with charm,” (John Fairchild); “Style is the perfection of a poin

28、t of view,” (Robert Eberhart); “Style is a simple way of saying complicated things,” (Jean Cocteau); “Style is the dress of thoughts,” (Lord Chesterfield). So, now you know what style is, youll need to buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at

29、charity shops. Theyre great if you want exclusive labels but dont want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But dont worry, Leila Gray can help you here. Shes the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for 20a good d

30、eal when you realize it cost more than 800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city,” she says. “Thats where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and theres a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.” So, now you know where to buy

31、your new, stylish clothes, how do you acquire your style? Experts say that mixing and matching from charity shops can help you find your own stylesomething thats really you. Thats what Scottish musician Momus did. “My fashion tip is this,” he says, “look at yourself with the eye of a graphic designe

32、r. If you cant be attractive, aim for interesting or original.” Momus unique style could even make him happier, too. As psychologist Marilyn Elias explains, the happiest people “judge themselves by their own yardsticks, never against what others do or have”. Shoichi Aoki, the founder of Japanese str

33、eet style magazine FRUiTS, agrees. “I think real fashion is what people wear on the streets, the clothes that they wear, the way that they wear them,” he says. “What you see in fashion magazines and on models has been styled and its more commercial.” He says that his inspiration for FRUiTS came from

34、 people combining traditional Japanese clothing such as the kimono and “geta” (Japanese wooden clogs) with Western fashion. “This really caught my eye,” Aoki adds. These styles may seem wild, but Aokis idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you. Maybe its time to create your

35、 own look. There are many online guides to help you. Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow, “If you see something you like,” it says, “feel free to copy, but dont make yourself a clone. mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it! 61. What should you first do to choose the sty

36、le that best suits you? A. Follow the images of the wise people. B. Go for whatever is fashionable. C. Simplify complicated expressions. D. Figure out what a true style is. 62. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Getting clothes of leading brands. B. Buying clothes at ra

37、ther low prices. C. Searching for really good bargains. D. Starting a charity shop selling clothes. 63. What is the focus of Shoichi Aoki and his magazine FRUiTS? A. Commercialization of fashion magazines. B. Expression of something personal and creative. C. Designing fashionable wear for men in the

38、 street. D. Promoting Japanese traditional clothing worldwide. 64. What is probably the best title for the passage? A. How to find the style that suits you B. Where to pick up a bargain C. What to wear to develop your style D. Whom to model to be popular D J.K. Rowling is the author of the most succ

39、essful book series in history, but her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasnt been as smooth as she may have thought it would be. The sequel (续篇), “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald”, shows that even the most successful author in the world is in need of checks and balances

40、 when making the transition to cinema. Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard. In contrast to the eight Harry Potter movies, which were based on the seven books and most of

41、 which were written by experienced screenwriter Steve Kloves, the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater. The “Fantastic Beasts” series takes its title from one of Harry Potters textbooks. The leap backward i

42、n time, a new set of adult heroes and a globe-spanning background show that Rowling is in tune with her fans and the spirit of the times. Harry Potter and his friends started out as a typical product of 1990s naivety, but since then the loyal veteran audience has experienced the shocks of the 21st c

43、entury and grown mature and discouraged. The “Fantastic Beasts” series feel less like childrens fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s. Its 1927, and the criminal Grindelwald has escaped from prison to Europe. The hero, Newt Scamander, a zo

44、ologist of fantastic beasts, prefers to distance himself from politics and maintain his improvised nature reserve in London. But the young Prof. Dumbledore reminds him that neutrality is not an option in hard times. Dumbledore urges him to cross the Channel to Paris and stop Grindelwald, who is tryi

45、ng to plot a war to ensure the purity of the wizard race. The rough outline of the plot constitutes only part of the movie. There are many other characters who appear in the mystery. I will mention the boy Credence who continues to have a central role in the struggle between the hero and the villain

46、, even as his background remains a mystery. Similarly, Newts brother and partner, the snake-woman Nagini, and other new and old characters hint at an obscure past and future. Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work o

47、f the universe. The film lays strong foundations of mystery, but forgets to build any sort of structure above them. Its like a construction site where the budget ran out too fast. With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe, Rowling

48、 is todays most creative builder of cinema worlds, but theres still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. Rowling clearly has a true pa

49、ssion to create a mythology, and just as clearly, she hasnt yet finished creating it. The “Fantastic Beasts” series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter. Once more she collaborates with David Yates, who directed the last four Harry Potter movies and now the two “Fantastic Beasts” pic

50、tures. Still, the world shes created would be even more wondrous if Rowling had only filled it out with a crystallized or at least coherent plot. In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works. But without experienced screenwriters to mediate between her