外研版七年级下册英语语法一般过去时的梳理.doc

1、一般过去时一般过去时 导入I met him yesterday. 定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行 为。在英语语法中，“时“指动作发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和状态 情况情况 方法方法 示例示例 一般情况一般情况 +ed+ed workwork workedworked looklooklookedlooked 以不发音的以不发音的 e e 结尾结尾 +d+d live live livedlived hopehopehopedhoped likelikel likediked 以以辅音字母辅音字母+y+y 结尾结尾 去去 y+iedy+ie

2、d studystudy studiedstudied carrycarrycarriedcarried 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母(重读辅元辅) 双写尾字母双写尾字母+ed+ed stopstop stoppedstopped planplanplannedplanned 以 ic 结尾 +ked+ked picnicpicnicpicnickedpicnicked traffictraffictraffickedtrafficked 特殊情况特殊情况 不规则变化不规则变化 are-were is/am-was do-did eatate gowent 等等 概念 时间状语 基本

3、结构 否定形式 一般疑问句 一 般 现 在 时 现在经常发生的动 作、存在的状态或习 惯性的动作。 often, usually, always, sometimes , every day/week/month, once a week 1.主语+am/is/are+形容词/ 名词 2.主语+do+其他 1.主+am/is/are+not+形容词 /名词 2.主+ dont / doesnt +动 词原形 1.Am/Is/Are+主+形容词/名 词? 2.Do/Does+主+动词原形? 注意：用一般过去时的时候，要表示“过多少时间之后”一般用 after,不用 in 如： Tom sudde

4、nly fel ill yesterday Tom 昨天突然生病了。 She didnt look well when i lat saw her. 我上次看见她的时候，她脸色不好 2.一般过去时也可与 today,this week,this month ,this year 等时间状语连 用。但是这些时间状语必须指过去，决不包括“现在”在内 如： Did you see him today? 今天你见过他了吗？ （today 实际上指的是今天的过去某一时刻） 3.一般过去时虽不可以与 now 连用 ，但却可以和 just now（刚才）连用。 如：He went out just now

5、他刚出去了 4.一般过去时表示过去的时候还有以下一些情况 ：用于 since 从句，主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时。其后接的 since 引导 的从句一般须用一般过去时 如：Its been over a year since i came back from the countryside 我从乡下回来已经一年了 （主句的谓语动词 has been 也可以改为 is 但美国英语多用现在完成时） ：时间状语可以省略，前面说过一般过去时常与表过去的时间状语连用，但下 面一些情况下，时间状语可以省略-从上文可以清楚地看出来时间状语 如：Did you sleep well? -前文如有现在完成时所

6、引导时 如：I have been within an inch of life ,and didnt know it! -和现在时态对比时候 如： He is no longer the man he was -有表示过去习惯的 used to 时候 如:I used to play football in the street :所表的动作已经完成 如：I read a book last week 上星期我读了一本书 一 般 过 去 时 过去某个时间发生的 动作或存在的状态； 过去习惯性、经常性 的动作、行为。 ago, yesterday, last week/month/ year,

7、 in 2000, the other day(前几天）, just now, one day, once up on a time（过去曾经）， long long ago, 等 1.was/were 2.did 1.was/were +not 2.didnt + 动词原形 1.Was/Were+主+形容词/名 词? 2.Did+主+动词原形? ： 表示死者的动作和状态。在英语中。说道死去的人的时候，一般用过去时 表示 如： Who is the man in the picture? 照片上的人是谁？ He was my father. 他是我父亲 ： 有感情色彩的时候如：You aske

8、d for it! 你这是自找！ 5 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作 常与 always，never 等连用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。 （只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。） When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 比较 Mrs. Peter always carr

9、ies an umbrella. 彼得太太老是带着伞。 （说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞） I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。 （不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒） 6）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了 该了 It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事 Id

10、 rather you came tomorrow. 7) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建 议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven y

11、ears. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 8）动词 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? 9）used to / be used to use

12、d to + do：过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不 存在。 Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步) be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或习惯于，to 是介词， 后需加名词或动名词。 He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步) 典型例题 - Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. - Its 6956844

13、2. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 答案 A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候 没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。 10）有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动 作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 I didnt know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用 过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我

14、以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 辨别正误 Li Ming studied English this morning. （把此句变为一般疑问句） （）1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning？ （动词应该用原形） （） 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning？ （时态应该用原句子的时态） （） 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning？ （应该用一般动词，而不是 be 动词） （） 4.Did Li Ming stud

15、y Enghish this morning？ 常见错误如下: 一 把动词变成过去式易出错 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢 记;y 前若是辅音字,y 变 i 加-ed;y 前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed. 二忘记把动词变成过去式 例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 答案: flew 解析:我们可以

16、记住下面的口诀:一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记 . 模拟实战模拟实战: : （一）选择 1 She lived there before he_to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 2 I _but_nothing. A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of 3 When did you _here? A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach 4 I_my

17、 homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish 5 -He didnt go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he? - _. A. No, he doesnt B. Yes, he didnt C. No, he did D. Yes, he did. 6 -I have had supper. - When _you_it? A. have; had B. do, have C. did,have D.

18、 will have 答案: 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C （二） 填空 1 They_(be) on the farm a moment ago. 2 There_(be)a shop not long ago. 3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 oclock last night. 4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago. 5 I _(see)Li Lei _(go) out just now. 6 He _(do)his homework every day. But he _(not do)

19、it yesterday. 7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends. 8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year. 9 Did he_(have) lunch at home? 10 I _(eat) the bread, I m full now. 答案:1 were 2 was 3 didnt go 4 read 5 saw go 6 does ; didnt do 7 played 8 did write ; wrote 9 have 10 have eaten 三 在句式变换时

20、易出错 例: 1 We didnt went (not go) out last Friday. 2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday? 答案: 1 didnt go 2 Did have 解析:请记住口诀见助动, 用原形. 四易与单三人称作主语的一般现在时弄混 例: He taughts (teach) me English last year. 答案: taught 解析:行为动词的过去式无人称和数的变化.即使主语是单三人称, 也和其它人称所用动词的形式一样. 五易与现在完成时弄混 例: 我看过这部电影 I saw(see) the film

21、. 答案: I have seen (see) the film. 解析:我看过这部电影说明我了解这部电影的内容,强调现在的情 况,应用现在完成时; 一般过去时态的句子只是说明我看了这场电影,与现在无关. 一般过去时翻译句子一般过去时翻译句子 1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 I _exciting weekend. 2. Jenny 喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 Jenny likes _. She _an English book last night. 3. Emma 每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 Emma _TV every day. But he _yesterday.

22、4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。 What _they_ Saturday? They homework and . 5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。 This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday. 6. 你还有什么要说的？ What would you like ? 7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher. 8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？ Why _ you _ TV last night? 9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上

23、有块表。 When he the classroom, he a watch on the ground. 10. 他什么时候出生的？1980 年。 - When he ? - 1980. 翻译答案 1. spent a busy but 2. reading books; read 3. watches; didnt watch TV 4. did; do last; did their; went shopping 5. had to cook breakfast; wasnt at home 6. else; to say; 7. to say goodbye to 8. did; watch 9. cleaned; found 10. was; born; In