外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习讲义：第 5讲 一般现在时的用法.doc

1、第第五五讲讲 一般现在时一般现在时 课前小测课前小测 I. 选择填空。选择填空。 1. I _ a girl. My name _ Wang Lin. A. am; is B. is; am C. is; is D. am; am 2. _ this your brothers book? A. Is B. Am C. Are D. Be 3. Their names _ Lily and Kate. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4_chemistry classes do you have every week? AHow much BWhat CHow many D.

2、 When 5. _ do you open a new document? Click “new document”. A. How B. Where C. What D. When 6. _ the old man_ in the village? A. Is; live B. Does; live C. Does; lives D. Is; lives 7. Do you like dogs? _. But I like cats. A. Yes, I do B. No, I am not C. Yes, I can D. No, I dont 8. My father_ a new c

3、ar. He_ it very much. A. have, like B. has, likes C. has, like D. have, likes 9. Linda _ Chinese very well, but she doesnt know how to write. A. speak B. speaks C. talks D. tells 10. We usually _to school from Monday to Friday. A. goes B. go C. is going D. will go 11. My grandmother_ up at five in t

4、he morning. A. get always B. always get C. always gets D. gets always 12. He _ at 6:00 in the afternoon. A. go home B. go to home C. goes home D. goes to home 13. Do you like watching TV? Yes, I _. But only after I finish my homework. A. Am B. do C. does D. did 14. We _ to bed at nine forty-five in

5、the morning. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 15. They_ science today. A. have B. to have C. have not D. has 答案：1-5AABCA 6-10BDBBB 11-15CCBAA II. 句型转换。句型转换。 1. We often read books after school. （用 the girl 做主语） The girl often _ books after school. 2. Playing the piano is my favourite. (变为同义句) I _ _ t

6、he piano best. 3. He goes to a basketball match on Sunday. （改为复数句） _ _ to basketball _ on Sunday. 4. I often get up at six in the morning. （用 he 改写） He often _ _ at six in the morning. 5. I usually send her a birthday card. （用 he 做主语） 。 He usually _ her a birthday card. 答案：1.reads 2.like playing 3.T

7、hey goes;matches 4.gets up 5.sends 考点一：一般现在时考点一：一般现在时 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作和情况，要用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动 词形式叫做动词的时态。今天我们要学习的是一般现在时。 一、一般现在时的使用范围。一、一般现在时的使用范围。 1. 表示现在的状态。表示现在的状态。 例如：Im twelve. 我十二岁。 Wheres the schoolbag? 书包在哪里？ 2. 表示经常或者习惯性的表示经常或者习惯性的动作。动作。 例如：I have lunch every day. 我每天吃午饭。 Gina always asks: “Wh

8、ere is my schoolbag?” Gina 总是问：“我的书包在哪里啊？” 3. 表示客观事实或者存在。表示客观事实或者存在。 例如: My sister is a teacher. 我姐姐是一位老师。 The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 4. 表示主语所具备的表示主语所具备的性格和能力。性格和能力。 例如：She likes English very much. 她很喜欢英语。 Bill likes beef, but he doesnt like chicken. 比尔喜欢牛肉但是不喜欢鸡肉。 以上所述均是一般现在时的基本使用范围，除

9、此之外一般现在时还有其他一些特 殊用法， 比如:一般现在时可以用在一些从句中表将来等， 我们会在以后的学习中讲到。 注意：注意： 一般现在时态经常与 often（经常），sometimes（有时），always（总是），usually （通常）等副词连用，也经常与 every day（每天）, every week（每周）, every month （每月）, every term（每学期）, every year（每年）, once a week（一周一次），twice a year（一年两次）等时间状语连用。 例如：She gets up early every morning. 她每天早

10、上早起。 I go to see my grandmother every month. 我每个月都去看我的奶奶。 二、谓语动词在一般现在时中的使用情况。二、谓语动词在一般现在时中的使用情况。 一般现在时态分为 be 动词的一般现在时和实义动词的一般现在时。 1动词动词 be 的用法的用法 be 动词包括“am，is，are”，中文意思为“是”。这三个词的用法要随着主语的变化而变 化。“am”用于第一人称单数（I）；“is” 用于第三人称单数（he，she，it），以及单数 可数名词或者不可数名词前; “are”用于第一人称复数 （we） ， 第二人称单数和复数(you), 第三人称复数（th

11、ey）。 例如：I am a student. 我是个学生。 He / She is a student. 他/她是个学生。 We/They are students. 我们/他们是学生。 You are my teacher. 你是我的老师。 You are my teachers. 你们是我的老师。 be 动词动词用法歌诀：用法歌诀： 英语有个动词 be，“面孔”不同要注意； 我（I）用 am; 你（you）用 are, is 连着他（he）/她（she）/它（it）; 主语单数用 is，主语复数都用 are； 变疑问，将 be 往前提；变否定，be 后加 not； 句首大写莫忘记，句末标

12、点莫丢弃。 be 动词有时可与其前面或后面的单词构成缩写形式。 I am=Im he is= hes is not=isnt are not=arent 注意：注意：am 和和 not 没有缩写形式。没有缩写形式。 含有 be 动词的一般现在时的基本句式如下： 即时训练一：即时训练一： .用用 am，is，are 填空。填空。 1.What _ your name? My name _ George. 2. Her name _ Hu Li. 3.What _ this in English? 用法 例句 1.肯定句：I am; you are ; He/ She/ It is; We/ Yo

13、u/ They are。 Its a cat. 它是一只猫。 He is a good student.他是一名好 学生。 2. 一般疑问句，把肯定句中的 be 提前就变成一般疑问句，此 时句首的 be 动词第一个字母 要大写。 Is it you book? 是你的书吗？ Are you a student? 你是个学生 吗？ 3. 否定句，在肯定句中的 be 动词后加 not。 He isnt a teacher. 他不是老师。 This isnt a book. 这不是一本书。 It _ a key. 4.What color _ it? It _ red. 5. Hi! How _ y

14、ou? I _ fine, thank you. And you? I _ fine, too. 答案：1.is 2.is 3.is 4.is 5.are;am;am 2实义动词的用法。实义动词的用法。 （1）概念和用法）概念和用法 实义动词是表示动作和状态的词。英语动词是词类中最复杂的一种，谓语动词的单复 数要和主语人称和数保持一致。当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变成三单的形 式（即在动词后面加s 或者es） 。当主语是其他人称时，谓语动词用原形。 第三人称单数的变化规则如下： 注意：注意：有些动词的三单是特殊变化。例如：have has 动词第三人称单数变化的歌诀：动词第三人称单数变化

15、的歌诀： 动词三单现在式，一般词尾加-s。s、x、ch、sh 连词尾，直接加上-es。词尾若是字 母 o，考虑是否加-es。辅音字母+y 来结尾，变 y 为 i 有道理，-es 后面紧跟随，大家 规则 例句 一般动词后加-s。 He likes playing basketball. 他喜欢打 篮球。 以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾，后加 es。 My father watches TV every night. 我 爸爸每天晚上看电视。 以辅音字母+y 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i，再加-es。 He studies English very hard. 他学习 英语很努力。 以辅音字母加 o

16、结尾，一般加-es。 He goes home early every day. 他每天 回家很早。 She always does her homework on time.她总是按时做作业。 一定看仔细。 （2）频度副词的使用）频度副词的使用 一般现在时中，在表示经常性或者习惯性的行为时，常会使用频度副词。常用的频 度副词有 always(总是)， often（经常） ， usually（通常） ， sometimes(有时)， seldom （很少） ， never（从不） ，频度副词要放在谓语动词之前助动词之后。 例如： She often plays the piano after

17、dinner.她经常饭后练钢琴。 I always get up early. 我总是起的很早。 My father usually goes out for a walk after supper. 我爸爸经常晚饭后出去散步。 She never plays computer games. 她从来不玩电子游戏。 （3）句式变化）句式变化 以下是行为动词作谓语时的句式变化：以下是行为动词作谓语时的句式变化： 否定句。 行为动词的一般现在时变为否定式时，要在行为动词前面加 dont 或者 doesnt；主 语是第三人单数时用 doesnt，其余人称用 dont。此时后面的行为动词要用原形。 例如

18、：He gets up very early. 他起床很早。 （肯定） He doesnt get up very early. 他起床不很早。 （否定） I like music. 我喜欢音乐。 （肯定） I dont like music. 我不喜欢音乐。 （否定） 一般疑问句。 一般现在时中， 含有行为动词的一般疑问句就是在句首加上 do 或者是 does。 此时， 句中的谓语动词也要用原形。并且这种一般疑问句的简略回答也要用 do 或者是 does。 例如：I like football. 我喜欢足球。 （肯定式） Do you like football？你喜欢足球吗？ （一般疑问式

19、） Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢。 （肯定回答） No, I dont. 不，我不喜欢。 （否定回答） She likes English. 她喜欢英语。 （肯定句） Does she like English? 她喜欢英语吗？（一般疑问句） Yes, she does. 是的，她喜欢。 （肯定回答） No, she doesnt. 不，她不喜欢。 （否定回答） 特殊疑问句 把特殊疑问词 Who，Where，What，When，How 以及 What，How 与其它词构成的 词组，如：What class，How old 等放在句首，加上一般疑问句，便构成各种特殊疑 问句。 例如：The

20、y have lunch at about 12 oclock. 他们大约 12 点吃午饭。 （陈述句） Do they have lunch at about 12 oclock? 他们大约 12 点吃午饭吗？（一般疑问句） When do they have lunch? 他们什么时候吃饭？（特殊疑问句） 注意：注意：特殊疑问句不能用 Yes 或 No 回答，要视情况直接回答。 How do you do?形式上是特殊疑问句，实际上是人们初次见面时的一种问候 语。回答这种问候语只要重复原句即可，也就是相互问候。 即时训练二即时训练二 . 用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。 1

21、. The lion _ ( not , eat ) grass. It likes _ (eat) meat. 2. _ the snake _ ( like ) fruits ? No, it _ . ( not, do ) 3. My father _ ( go ) to work at 8:00 every day. He _ ( not , go ) to work on foot. 4. _ Jack _ ( have ) four classes in the morning ? Yes, he _ ( have ) four. 5._ you often _ ( listen

22、) to music? No, I dont. I like _ ( play ) table tennis. 答案：1.doesnt eat;eating 2.Does;like;doesnt 3.goes;doesnt go 4.Does;have;has 5.Do;listen;playing 课堂练习课堂练习 一般现在时用法专练（A） .用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy (be) members of the Reading Club. 3. She and I （take）a w

23、alk together every evening. 4. There (be) some water in the bottle. 5. We (not watch) TV on weekdays. 6. Nick (not do) his homework on Sundays. 7. they (like) the World Cup? 8. What they usually (do) on holidays? 9. your parents (read) newspapers every day? 10. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays

24、. 答案：1.has 2.are 3.take 4.is 5.dont watch 6.doesnt do 7.Do;like 8.do;do 9.Do;read 10.teaches .按照要求改写句子。 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) Daniel TV every evening. 2. I do my homework every day .(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) you homework every day？ No,I . 3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） she milk? Yes.,s

25、he . 4. Simon is from Beijing.(同义句改写) Simon Beijing. 5. Millie is clever at Maths.(同义句改写) Millie Maths . 答案：1.doesnt watch 2.Do;do your;dont 3.Does;like;does es;from 5.does well in .改错。 1. Is you brother speak English? A B C ( ) 2. Does he looks like his father? A B C ( ) 3. He likes play games afte

26、r class. A B C ( ) 4. Mr Wu teachs us English. A B C ( ) 5.She doesnt her homework on Sundays. A B C ( ) 答案：1.A;Does 2.B;look 3.B;playing games 4.A;teaches 5.A;doesnt do .将下列句子译成英文。 1._桑迪放学后打羽毛球吗? 不.她学习很用功.放学后她总是看书. _ Sandy badminton after school? No.She hard.She always books after school. 2.他在第三中学上

27、学.他每天早上七点上学. He in No .3 Middle School. He to school at 7a.m.every day . 3.父亲早晨送我到学校. My father me to school in the morning. 4. 我女儿喜欢看电视和听音乐. My daughter TV and to music. 5. 西蒙朋友的姐姐长大后想当一位歌手. Simons friends sister to a singer when she up. 答 案 ： 1. Does;play;studies;reads 2.studies;goes 3.sends 4.lik

28、es watching;listening 5.wants;be;grows 一般现在时用法专练(B) 1. 按要求改写下列句子. 1、Sandy has long hair in a ponytail. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) Sandy long hair in a ponytail? Yes , . 2、Simon and Daniel are good friends .(改为否定句) Simon and Daniel _ good friends. 3、We are in the school football team. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) you in the

29、 school football team? Yes, . 4、Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) _ Amy _ playing computer games? No, _ _. 5、We go to school every morning . (改为否定句) We _ _ to school every morning. 6、She is always ready to help others. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) _ she always ready to help others? No, _ _. 7、 Th

30、e earth goes around the sun. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) _ the earth _ around the sun? Yes, _ _. 8、He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) He _ speak English well. 9、John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) Where _John _ from? 10、I like taking my dog for a walk after supper. What _ you _ _ after supper?. 答案：1.Does;have;sh

31、e;does 2.arent 3.Are;we are 4.Does;like;she;doesnt 5.dont go 6.Is;she isnt 7.Does;go;it does 8.doesnt 9.does;come 10.do;like doing 二. 改错 1. Lily and Lucy doesnt want to clean the blackboard. 2. Mr Green likes work in China very much. 3. My mother often go to the shop on Sundays. 4. She doesnt likes

32、bread or cakes. 5. Where is Jim and Kate now? 6. There are some water and leaves in the pool. 7. Please give a colour pencil for me. 8. They arent go to school at the weekend. 9. The dog sits between the chair. 10. She often works hard and goes to bed in night. 11. Millie is good in English. She spe

33、aks English well. 12. She is a member at the Computer Club. 13. Do you help your mother in the housework.? 14. Do Simon often go home by a bus? . 15. I often take bus to school. 16. Do you want to play with us after the school? 17. Daniel and David want to play on us. 18. There is a lots of water in

34、 the bottle. 19. Wendy has much friends in class. 20. There are so lots of people in the hall. 答案：1. Lily and Lucy dont want to clean the blackboard. 2. Mr Green likes working in China very much. 3. My mother often goes to the shop on Sundays. 4. She doesnt like bread or cakes. 5. Where are Jim and

35、Kate now? 6. There is some water and leaves in the pool. 7. Please give a colour pencil to me. 8. They dont go to school at the weekend. 9. The dog sits between the chairs. 10. She often works hard and goes to bed at night. 11. Millie is good at English. She speaks English well. 12. She is a member

36、in the Computer Club. 13. Do you help your mother at the housework.? 14. Does Simon often go home by bus? . 15. I often take a bus to school. 16. Do you want to play with us after school? 17. Daniel and David want to play with us. 18. There is lots of water in the bottle. 19. Wendy has many friends

37、in class. 20. There are lots of people in the hall. 一般现在时用法专练(C) 一 用所给动词正确形式填空 1. He loves _ (read )newspaper. 2. Nick goes _ (swim )every Saturday afternoon. 3. Simon enjoys_ (play )football. 4. Mr Mu likes _( walk) after school. 5. Amy likes _ (talk) on the phone with her friends. 6. Simon usually

38、 goes _ (run) for half an hour. 7. Sandy enjoys _ (look )for things on the Internet. 8. I dont like _ (dance). 9. Eric is a member of the _ (read) Club. 10. Its a fine day. What about _( play) badminton in the park? 答案：1.reading 2.swimming 3.playing 4.walking 5.talking 6.running 7.looking 8.dancing

39、9.reading 10.playing 二 用适当的介词填空 1. I go to school _ my friends. 2. Daniel is clever _English. 3. Millie takes Eddie _a walk every afternoon. 4. Kitty lives _a flat _Beijing. 5. Sandy sits _Kitty and Amy. 6. Here is a picture _my family. Do you want to look _it? 7. Does Simon often eat _a restaurant? 8. _ the weekend, Wendy and Kitty play tennis _an hour. 9. Sandy has black hair _ a ponytail. Kitty has long black hair _ bunches. 10. Mr Smith comes _ New York. He is American. 答案：1.with 2.at 3.for 4.in;in 5.between 6.for;at 7.in 8.At/On;for 9.in;with 10.from