外研版八年级下册英语Module2 知识点.docx

1、M2 Experience Unite1 Ive alse entered lots of speaking competition 1、enter 的用法 “参加”,enter = take part in = join in “进入”, enter = go into=come into The teacher entered the classroom just now.老师刚才进了教室。 2、compete 的用法 compete v. 比赛；竞争 competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 参赛者 competitive adj.有竞争力的 competit

2、ively adv.有竞争力地 compete with sb for sth 为了 sth 与 sb 竞争 3、kind 的短语 adj. 善良的，和蔼的 He is a kind boy and often helps others. n. 种类 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样 kindness(n.) 善良 4、help sb (to) do sth = help sb with sth 5、improve(v) -improvement(n) 提高，改善 In order to improve my English, my brother helps me

3、 with my homework every day. 6、辨析 maybe 与 may be maybe adv 也许；大概。通常用于句首，也可放在句中 Maybe she is angry. may be may 是情态动词，be 是动词原 形，两者构成完整的位于形式 也许是；可能是。放在主语之后（句中） She may be angry. 7、win 及物动词，意为“赢，获胜”，也可以是不及物动词，win-won-won 辨析：win 和 beat win 赢，获胜 表示在竞争中取胜 宾语通常是 game,match,prize,race 等 She won the match. wi

4、nwonwon beat 打败，战胜 常指在游戏、 比赛中打败对手 宾语常是人或某支队伍等 We beat them at chess. beatbeatbeaten 助记：win 赢得比赛，beat 打败对手 winner n. 获胜者 8、dream 的用法 词性 adj.意为“梦寐以求的”，只用于名词前作定语。That is my dream school. n.梦；梦想 v.做梦；梦到 dream-dreamed-dreamed;或 dream-dreamt-dreamt 短语 dream of/about +名词、代词或 v-ing 梦想做某事 She dreamed of/abou

5、t becoming an actress. 9、the first prize 一等奖 the second prize 二等奖 10、Have you ever won any prizes before? Have/Has sb ever+过去分词+其他? 意为“某人曾经.过吗？”用于询问某人过去的经历。 回答：Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I have. / No, I havent. ever adv. “曾经；从来；在任何时候”，用与现在完成时一般疑问句中，位于过去分词 之前，加强语气。 before：意为“以前”。常用与现在完成时中，也可

6、用于一般过去时，通常位于句末。 介词和连词：意为“在.之前” Turn off the light before you leave the room.（连词） He came back before 10 oclock last night.（介词） She has never been to Beijing before.（句末） not ever = never 从来 11、afford 的用法 vt. 意为“ （有财力） 买得起”。 常与 can,could,be able to 连用， 多用于否定句或疑问句中， 后常接名词、代词、动词不定式。 I cant afford the ne

7、w bike. afford to do sth. 付得起钱去做某事 She cant afford to go to school. 12、辨析：stop to do sth 和 stop doing sth stop to do sth.=stop and then do sth.停下来去做另外某事 Im tired. Lets stop to have a rest. stop doing sth.停止做某事 Its time for class now. Lets stop talking. 13、Thats a pity! 太遗憾了!那太可惜了！ It is a pity to do

8、 sth 做某事是遗憾/可惜的 It is a pity to fail in the exam. It is a pity that+句子 .真遗憾 It was a pity that we missed the wonderful match. 14、mean mean v.意思是，意味着 mean to do sth= plan to do sth meaning n.意思 the meaning of .的意思 Do you mean to go to Hainan Island for holiday this year? 15、倒装句 在 here , there , out,

9、in 等表示方位的副词开头的句子中，主语是名词，句子要全部倒装 Here is a gift for you. Here comes the bus. (主语是名词 ) 如果主语是代词，句子则要部分倒装。 Here it is. Here you are.(主语是代词 ) 16、动词不定式短语做目的状语 动词不定式短语作目的状语，可以位于句首，与后面的句子用逗号隔开，也可以放句末， 意为“为了做某事”。 To catch the early bus, I get up early. (位于句首，其后有逗号) He studied hard to pass the exam. (位于句末) 动词

10、不定式 to do 结构在句中还可以作宾语、宾语补足语。 He decides to study hard this term.（宾语） The teacher asks us to take notes in class.（宾语补足语） 17、need 的用法 实意动词，意为“需要”，后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式。可用于肯定句、疑问句或 否定句中。 He meeds to have a good rest. They dont need any help. 后接 v-ing 形式时表示被动意义 The flowers need watering. 作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词

11、原形，常用与否定句或疑问句 18、write about 意为“编写；写作”。 write to sb 给某人写信 write down 写下，记录下 19、Dont worry!不要担心! worry about=be worried about 担忧 20、make up 意为“编写；创造”，动词+动副词结构，人称代词作其宾语时，放在中间 My grandma is good at telling stories and she always makes them up herself. be made up of 由.组成 The basketball team is made up o

12、f 20 players. make it/them up (代词要放中间) make up “组成；构成” make up a story 编故事 make up for 弥补 make money 赚钱 make faces 做鬼脸 make a noise 吵闹 make tea 泡茶 make ones mind 下定决心 make a decision 做出决定 make progress (取得）进步 make friends with 与.交朋友 make the bed 整理床铺 21、invite 的用法 vt. 意为“邀请” invite sb. to do sth.邀请某

13、人做某事 Lily invited me to see a film yesterday invite sb. to someplace 邀请某人去某地 Ill invite Lilly to my party. n. invitation 邀请；邀请函；请帖，与介词 to 连用。Did you get an invitation to the party? 22、called=named 被叫做(过去分词充当定语)There is a girl called/named Lucy in my class. 23、动词不定式作表语 动词不定式（短语）作表语时，句子的主语通常是 dream，wo

14、rk,job,task,hobby 等名词。 My dream was to be a scientist when I was a child. Unite 2 They have seen the Pyramids 24、fifteen-year-old 复核形容词 结构 1：数词-可数名词单数-形容词 He is a fifteen-year-old boy.（名词用单数，中间有名词用单数，中间有“-”，名词不加 s ,作定语） 2：数词-可数名词复数。复合形容词只能放在名词的前面作定语，不能做表语， He is fifteen years old.（注意名词用复数，中间无注意名词用复数

15、，中间无“-”，不能作定语，常作表语） He is fifteen years old.=He is a fifteen-year-old boy 25、at the moment =now 此刻;现在（常用于现在进行时中或一般现在时） at that moment 在那时，用于过去式 26、one of + the+形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数形式， 最. 之一(谓语动词用单数) The Yangze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. one of +复数名词或代词， one of . “.之一” 作表语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

16、 Luxun is one of the greatest writers in China. 27、move move vi. 搬家；改变.位置 move to 搬到（某地） They are moving to Beijing in a month.他们一个月后要搬到北京。 move vt. 使改变位置，使移动，搬动 He moved his new TV to his bedroom. 28、work for. 为.工作(for 后面通常为公司) work with sb. 与某人一起工作 29、send 的用法 vt. 派遣去；命令.去，短语有： send sb to do sth 派

17、遣某人去做某事 send sb. to sp 派某人去某地 send for 派人去叫 send sth. out 分发,散发 邮寄：send sb sth=send sth to sb 给某人寄某物或给某人发送某物 send-sent-sent 30、the+姓氏复数 表示“一家人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数 The Smiths are having dinner now. 31、have/has been to 去过(某地），表示过去曾经去过，但现在不在那儿。 have/has been to+某地： 曾经去过某地 （人已回， 常与次数连用 once,twice,three times

18、等） have/has gone to +某地：到某地去了（人未回，不能与次数连用不能与次数连用） have/has been in +某地：在某地呆/逗留（常与 for +时间段连用） I have been to Hong Kong twice. He isnt here now. He has gone to the USA. We have been in China for 20 years. 后跟 there,here 等地点副词时，have/has been to 和 have/has gone to 中的 to 要省去。 I have never been there. 32、

19、for example (举一例) such as (可举多例) 33、be different from 与.不同 the same as 与.相同 His bike is different from mine 34、in many ways 在很多方面 35、it 作为形式宾语的用法 find it + adj + to do sth 发现做某事. （it 是形式宾语， 真正的宾语是动词不定式 （短语） ， 形容词作宾语补足语 I find it easy to learn maths. think/find/feel/make +it + adj.(形容词 ) to do sth 觉得

20、/认为/感觉做某事 36、 so far 到目前为止， 指从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在的这段时间， 常用在现在完成时， 多位于句首或句末作时间状语。 We have planted 2,000 trees so far.句首 So far I have learned 10,000 words.句末 37、mix.with.把.和.混和在一起 mix up 弄混 We can sometimes mix business with pleasure.我们有时可以把工作和娱乐结合起来。 38、all over the world=around the world 全世界 39、count dow

21、n 倒数 40、look forward to doing sth = pay attention to doing sth look forward to+名词、代词、动名词 41、I hope that ( 宾语从句 ) 表示祝愿 I hope that my dream will come true. hope / wish to do sth. I wish to become a doctor in the future. wish sb. to do sth. I wish you to come to my birthday party. 42、 although=though

22、虽然，尽管(不能 but 连用，但是可以 yet 连用) Although he is not rich, he is very happy. = Although he is not rich, yet he is very happy. = He is not rich, but he is very happy. 43、交通方式的表达法： by+交通工具 I go to work by bus. take the +交通工具(在句中作谓语)He usually takes the bus to go home. on/in+限定词+交通工具 I hope more and more pe

23、ople go to work on their bike. 动词+to+地点(常见的动词： walkdriveflyride 等) My father drives to work every day. 44、have a wonderfulgoodgreatnice time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心 45、Germany 的用法 n.Germany 意为“德国”; adj.German,意为“德国的”。 n.German 意为“德国人;德语”,作“德国人”讲时,其复数形式是 Germans。 表示“某国人”的名词变复数形式时,直接在其后加-s 的有 AmericanAmeri

24、cans“美国 人”;AustralianAustralians“澳大利亚人”;RussianRussians“ 俄罗斯人”;CanadianCanadians“加拿大人”等。 由-ese 结尾的表示“某国人”的名词,其单复数形式相同的有 Chinese“中国人”,Japanese“日 本人”等。 动词原形动词原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 唤醒，醒来 awake awokeawoke awokenawoken 是 be was, werewas, were beenbeen 改变，变化 become becamebecame becomebecome 开始 begin beganbeg

25、an begunbegun 吹 blow blewblew blownblown 打破，破坏 break brokebroke brokenbroken 带来 bring broughtbrought broughtbrought 建造 build builtbuilt builtbuilt 燃烧，烧毁 burn burned/burntburned/burnt burned/burntburned/burnt 购买 buy boughtbought boughtbought 捕捉，赶上，感染 catch caughtcaught caughtcaught 选择 choose chosecho

26、se chosenchosen 来 come camecame comecome 花费 cost costcost costcost 切，割 cut cutcut cutcut 做 do diddid donedone 做梦，梦想 dream dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt 开车，驾驶，驱使 drive drovedrove drivendriven 喝，喝酒 drink drankdrank drunkdrunk 吃 eat ateate eateneaten 落下，倒下 fall fellfell fall

27、enfallen 喂，饲养 feed fedfed fedfed 感觉 feel feltfelt feltfelt 打架，对抗 fight foughtfought foughtfought 发现，找到 find foundfound foundfound 飞，飞翔，飘扬 fly flewflew flownflown 忘记 forget forgotforgot forgottenforgotten 得到，到达，变得 get gotgot gottengotten 给，给予 give gavegave givengiven 去，走 go wentwent gonegone 种植，生长，发展

28、 grow grewgrew growngrown 悬挂，垂下 hang hunghung hunghung 有，怀有 have hadhad hadhad 听到，倾听 hear heardheard heardheard 躲藏 hide hidhid hiddenhidden 击中 hit hithit hithit 把握，持续， hold heldheld heldheld （使）伤害，刺痛 hurt hurthurt hurthurt 保持，继续 keep keptkept keptkept 知道，得知 know knewknew knownknown 带领，率领 lead ledled

29、 ledled 离开；留下 leave leftleft leftleft 借给，贷款给 lend lentlent lentlent 让；出租 let letlet letlet 躺着，位于 lie laylay lainlain 失去 lose lostlost lostlost 制作，制造 make mademade mademade 意思是；想要 mean meantmeant meantmeant 遇见；满足 meet metmet metmet 支付，偿还 pay paidpaid paidpaid 摆，放，安置 put putput putput 阅读 read readread

30、 readread 骑，乘坐 ride roderode riddenridden 按铃；铃声响 ring rangrang rungrung 升起；起床 rise roserose risenrisen 跑；行驶；运转 run ranran runrun 说话 say saidsaid saidsaid 看见 see sawsaw seenseen 卖，出卖 sell soldsold soldsold 发送；寄；派遣 send sentsent sentsent 放，安置，确定 set setset setset 摇晃，摇摆 shake shookshook shakenshaken 关闭

31、 shut shutshut shutshut 唱歌 sing sangsang sungsung 下沉，沉没 sink sanksank sunksunk 坐，就坐；坐落 sit satsat satsat 睡，睡觉 sleep sleptslept sleptslept 讲话 speak spokespoke spokenspoken 吐痰；吐口水；吐出 spit s spitpit/ /spatspat s spitpit/ /spatspat 传播，散布；展开 spread spreadspread spreadspread 花费 spend spentspent spentspent

32、 站、立，坐落，忍受 stand stoodstood stoodstood 偷窃 steal stolestole stolenstolen 插入，刺入；粘贴 stick stuckstuck stuckstuck 游泳 swim swamswam swumswum 拿，取，抓 take tooktook takentaken 教，教学，讲授 teach taughttaught taughttaught 告诉 tell toldtold toldtold 思想，考虑 think thoughtthought thoughtthought 投，掷，抛，丢 throw threwthrew thrownthrown 理解 understand understoodunderstood understoodunderstood 叫醒，弄醒 wake wokewoke wokenwoken 穿着，戴；磨损 wear worewore wornworn 赢得，获胜 win wonwon wonwon 写，书写 write wrotewrote writtenwritten