外研版八年级下册英语Module 4 Seeing the doctor知识点复习详案.doc

1、1 教学过程教学过程 一、一、重点单词与短语重点单词与短语 1）词汇词汇 词汇拓展词汇拓展(针对词形变换针对词形变换) 1. environment (n.)环境_(adj.)自然环境的；有关环境的 _(adv.)有关环境地 2. health (n.)健康(状况) _(adj.)健康的 _(adv.)健康地 _(反义词)不健康的 _保持健康 3. day (n.)一天 _(adj.)每天的；天天的 4. discover (v.)发现；找到_(n.)发现；找到 5. communicate (v.)联系；交流_(n.)交流；沟通 _与沟通 6. act (v.)行动_(adj.)积极的；活跃

2、的 _(n.)活动 7. sleep (v.)睡觉_(过去式/过去分词) _(现在分词) _(adj.)睡着的 _ (adj.)困的；想睡的 8. possible (adj.)可能的 _(反义词)(事情) 办不到的；不可能的 _(n.)可能；可能性 9. ill (adj.)不健康的；有病的 _(n.)病；疾病 _生病 10. weak (adj.)弱的；虚弱的 _(n.)弱点；软弱 _在方面不行 教学目标教学目标 1. 学生基本掌握本课的重点单词和短语的用法。 2. 理解和掌握完成时中表示持续时间的概念，并理解延续性动词的概念。 3. 对于就医类词汇和用语有所掌握。 教学重点教学重点 1.

3、 各重点词汇（since/take/too to 的用法）及短语用法（catch a coldtake part infeel awful 的用法） 2. 重点语法: 现在完成时 教学难点教学难点 现在完成时 2 2）词组词组 重点短语重点短语 1. 感觉病了 feel ill 2. catch/have a cold 感冒 胃/(牙)痛have a stomach ache/( toothache) 3. do much exercise 经常锻炼 4. 对.有害 be harmful to =do harm to 5. such as 例如 6. three times a say 一天三

4、次 一天服药三次 take the medicine three times a day 7. have got/take a stomachache 胃痛 8. take ones temperature 量体温 9. fast food 快餐 10. 锻炼 do/take exercise 日常锻炼 daily exercise 11. in front of 在.前面 在电脑前 in front of the computer 12. look after 照顾，照料 13. 检查某人的心脏 check ones heart 14. take sb for a walk 带某人散步 15

5、. feel fit/health 感觉健康 16. 健康状况良好 in excellent condition 17. feel awful 感觉不舒服 18. 感到很好 feel well 19. by underground 乘地铁 on the underground 20. ride to work 骑车去上班 21. decide to do sth 决定做某事 22. 创办一个女子足球队 start a girls football team 23. take part in 参加 24. in the last few years 在过去的几年里 在最近三天 in the la

6、st three days 25. 从那时起 since then 26. be too+形容词+to do sth 太.以至于不 能. 太.而不能 too.to 27. from time to time 时地 28. set up 建立 29. be ill 生病 30. go for a run 去散步 31. 我面带微笑 with a smile on my face 32. 停止正在做的某事 stop doing sth. 33. all over 浑身； 遍及 34. have a pain in.（某身体部位）疼痛 二、二、重点句型（重点句型（佳句佳句） 健康健康 1. ou s

7、pend too much time _ the computer. It can be very harmful to your health. 你花费了太多时间待在电脑前面。它对你的健康非常有害。 2. I went running in the park to _， but I felt lonely and sad. 我通过在公园里跑步来健身，但我感到孤独和悲伤。 3. I went to school by bus _， and I did not feel fit. 过去我坐共汽车去学校，我觉得不舒服。 4. Our teacher is the coach, and she al

8、so _ the training with us. She is in excellent condition too. 我们的老师是教练，而且她也和我们一起参加训练。她的健康状况也极好。 5. Walking has helped you get fitter, so _ ask a friend to walk to school with you？ 步行已经帮助你变得更健康了，所以你为什么不邀请一位朋友和你一起步行去学校呢？ 情景交际：情景交际： 请求帮助请求帮助 Can you help me? Sure, no problem. 生病就医生病就医 1. How can I help

9、 you? I feel ill. Ive got a stomachache and my head hurts. 2. How long have you been like this？ 3 Since Friday. Ive been ill for about three days! Let me take your temperature. 3. What kind of food do you eat? Usually fast food. 4. Do you do any exercise? Not really. I havent done much exercise sinc

10、e I got my computer last year. 医生常问问题：医生常问问题： 1. Whats wrong with you?/ Whats the matter with you? 哪儿不舒服吗？ 2. Are you feeling well? 现在感觉好些了吗？ 3. How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了？ 4. Do you cough? Do you feel tired?你咳嗽吗？觉得疲惫吗？ 三、三、重点知识详解重点知识详解 U1 1. I feel ill. 我感觉我生病了。 ill adj. 不健康的；有病的 拓展

11、ill 和 sick 都可做形容词，表生病的，不舒服的，两者都可作表语。 如：He is ill/sick. 他生病了。 Her mother was ill. 她妈妈病了。 词性：an illness/ an active(awful) illness (pl.)illnesses 【拓展】ill 和 sick 的辨析： ill 和 sick 都意为生病的，但用法不同，两 者作定语时，表达的意义不一样。 He is a sick man. 他是个多病的人。 He is an ill man. 他是个坏人。 ill 作生病的讲时，只能作表语。 The boy doesnt like to ea

12、t anything. He can be ill. 这个男孩不愿意吃东西，他可能病了。 sick 意为生病的，恶心的时，既可作定语， 又可作表语。 Lucys mother is sick/ill in hospital. Lucy 的妈妈生病住院了。 Shell visit her sick mother after school. 放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。 2. stomachache n. 胃疼胃疼 stomach (胃) + ache(疼) = stomachache 胃疼 Ive got a stomachache and my head hurts.我胃疼，头也疼。 1）ac

13、he （1）ache 作名词，意为痛；隐痛。例如： He felt a dull ache in his shoulder. 他感到肩膀隐隐作痛。 （2）作动词，意为（身体某部位持续且较强烈的）疼痛。例如： My tennis elbow began to ache again. 我打网球的手肘又开始痛了。 【拓展】 ache 表疼痛时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是人。 例如： My legs ache. 我脚疼。 注意疾病的表达方式，表示疼的方式(以我头痛为例)： I have got a headache. =My head hurts/aches. =I have a pain in m

14、y head. 4 【注意】 head，tooth，stomach（胃）与 ache 一起构成复合名词，如： headache（头疼），toothache（牙疼），stomachache（胃疼）。 但 leg，foot，hand，forehead 不行。 【考】【考】猜测单词的含义：backache 3. catch a cold （1）catch 作动词，意为染上（疾病）；接住；抓住，也可以作名词，意为抓球（游戏）。 Can you catch the ball? 你能接住球吗？ It was a good catch. 那球接得好。 （2）catch a cold=have a cold

15、意为感冒。例如： Put on your coat, or youll catch a cold. 穿上你的外套，不然你会感冒。 【拓展 1】 have a stomachache have a bad cold have a cough have a fever have a toothache have a headache 【注意】 have a cold 与 catch a cold 都可用来表示感冒， catch a cold 侧重患感冒的动作，属于短暂性动词短语，_(能/ 不能) 与 how long 和 for 及 since 引导的时间状语连用。 【拓展【拓展 2】几种生病的表

16、达： 1. I dont feel very wellIm not feeling well我感到不舒服。 2.I have（got）a headache / cough我头痛 / 咳嗽。 I have a pain in my back我的背痛。 3. My left leg hurts我的左腿痛。 4. Theres something wrong with my hand我的手有毛病了。 5. I feel even worse我感到情况更糟了。/ I feel terrible我感到很难受。 6. I dont feel like eating anything我什么都不想吃。 7.

17、I cant sleep very well. 我睡不好。 练一练： Have you caught a _? Yes, I have. I cough now. A. fever B. cold C. toothache D. cough Whats wrong with you? Ive _ a headache. A. get B. got C. had D. have How long have you _ a cold? For four days. A. caught B. had C. got D. been 4. Let me take your temperature. 让我

18、来给你量下体温。 take sbs temperature, 表示量某人的体温。 此处 take 作动词，意为（用机器）测定；量取。 take ones blood pressure 为同样用法，意为量血压。 I took my temperature last night. 我昨晚量了下我的体温。 The doctor took Toms temperature and examined his ears and throat. 医生给 Tom 量了体温然后检查他的耳朵和嗓子。 在本课中，还出现了 take 的另外一个常用意思。 Take it three times a day.每天吃三次

19、药。 在此句中 take 有服药，吃药的意思。 5 5. take 的用法的用法 作为动词，主要有以下几种用法： 拿，取 I want to take some books to the classroom. 我想拿些书到教 室。 吃，喝，服用，放 Take this medicine three times a day. 每天吃三次药。 Do you take sugar in your milk? 你喝的牛奶里放糖吗？ 乘车(船)等 Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi? 我们是骑自行车 去那还是坐出租车去？ They usually take

20、a bus to work. 他们通常乘公交车上班。 常常和 it 连用， it 在句子中作形 式主语， 真正的主语是后面的不 定式。 翻译成花费(时间、 金钱) 等 How long will it take you to do your homework every day? 每天做作业要花费你多长时间？ It usually takes her 20 yuan to buy books every week. 每周 买书通常要花费她 20 元钱。 做事情, 常常和名词连 用， 表示与该名词意义相关的动 作 take a walk 散步, take a rest 休息一下, take a

21、look 看一看等 等。 构成常用的重要词组： take away 拿走 take (good)care of （好好）照顾，照料 take down 取下来 take out 拿出 take off 脱下；飞机（等起飞） take ones time 别着急，慢慢来 take ones temperature 量体温 Has the doctor _ your temperature? Yes, he has. A. do B. take C. took D. taken 7. Do you do any exercise？你锻炼吗？ exercise （1）作不及物动词，意为锻炼、运动。

22、例如： How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？ I exercise every day. 我每天都锻炼。 （2）作不可数名词，意为锻炼、运动，常与动词 take 连用。 常用搭配: get/do some exercise 或或 take exercise， 在口语中更常用 get some exercise。例如： Exercise makes me keep healthy. 运动使我保持健康。 Some old people take exercise in the park in the morning. 一些老人家清晨在公园做运动。 日常锻炼日常锻炼

23、 daily exercise （3）作可数名词，意为练习；操。例如： We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。 We do English exercises to help us learn English well. 我们做英语练习以便学好英语。 练一练： 1. Doing much _ is good for your health. A. food B. cold C. exercise D. computer 6 2. 判断 exercise 的词义与词性。 You need to do more exercise. We do mor

24、ning exercises at school every day. 3. 用 exercise 的适当形式填空。 1. Do you get enough _ from your daily activities? 2. There are some simple eye _ that you can use to improve your vision(视力). 3. His homework today is these five _. 8. too much+n.u/v. 太多; too many+n.pl 太多; much too+adj./adv. 太/非常 too much w

25、ater 太多水。too many apples 太多苹果。 much too fat 太胖。 用法不同用法不同：much tootoo，但前者语气更强；，但前者语气更强；too muchmuch，但前者语气更强。，但前者语气更强。 练一练： They bought _ eggs yesterday. We both have _ work to do. She spent_money on clothes. He talked _ at the meeting, didnt he? This dish is_salty. 9. 在电脑前在电脑前 in front of the compute

26、r in the front in the front of 10. since prep. 自自 以来以来 现在完成时的标志词。 They havent seen each other since last year.他们自从去年就没有见过对方了。 【拓展】【拓展】since 和和 for 的区别的区别 在表示时间的延续性时，要注意除了 since 以外，还可以用 for （1）since+时间点时间点 （2）since+时间段时间段+ago ( since 作连词时作连词时) since+从句从句 (现在完成时现在完成时+since+一般过去时一般过去时) It is 时间时间since

27、从句从句 (句多用一般现在时句多用一般现在时) 1） since +过去一个时间点 （如具体的年、 月、 日期、 钟点、 1980, last month, half past six） 。 例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989 起，我一直在这儿。 2）since +一段时间+ ago。例如： 7 I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。 3）since +从句。例如： Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。 Gre

28、at changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。 4）It is +一段时间+ since 从句。例如： It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。 注意注意 1. 当 since 与完成时态连用时，主句中的谓语动词需用延续性动词。所以一些终止性动词必 须及时转化为延续性动词。 2. 对 for 和 since 时间短语提问用 How long *How long 多久，多长，常对长度或者一段时间（for+一段时间）提问。 How lo

29、ng have you been there? I have been there for 5 days. *How soon 多久之后才，常与将来时态搭配，对 in+一段时间提问。 How soon will you be back? I will be back in 5 days. 【例题】 1.-Can you speak English? -Of course. I have studied it _ I was six years old. A. though B. since C. before 2. She has been a teacher_ she came to thi

30、s school. 3. She has been a teacher_five years ago. 4. It is four years_my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】现在完成时中，for+时间段时间段 She has been a teacher for five years. 【考题链接】【考题链接】请用 since 和 for 填空： They have been married _ 10 years. They have been married _ 10 years ago. He has been a

31、 teacher _ he graduated from university. （3）since 意思是意思是 “既然，因为既然，因为”。例如： Since we have no money, we cant buy it. 因为我们没钱，我们买不起（它）。 Since you insist, I must go. 因为你坚持，我就必须去了。 中考链接中考链接 1. Students in Beijing _ away many books to the Hope Schools since 2009. A. have given B. give C. gave 2. He _ Luzhou

32、 for three months. A. has left B. has come to C. has gone to D. has been away from 3. Did you borrow the comic book from the library? Yes. I _ it for three days. Ill return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept 4. The astronaut is so tired that he _ for eleven hours. A

33、. has been asleep B. has fallen asleep C. has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep 11. be harmful to =do harm to 对有伤害 Reading in the sun is harmful to your eyes. It can be very harmful to your health.它对你的健康非常不利。 【拓展】【拓展】be 动词和形容词的搭配在中考句型中的要求如下： 8 be afraid 系列 be ready for be good for be famous for be la

34、te for 【考题】翻译句子：【考题】翻译句子： 1. 他们已经准备好了考试。 2. 他以他的音乐而闻名。 12. First,stop eating fast food and have breakfast every day.首先，停止吃快餐，每天吃早餐。 Stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事 （指停止做原来的事情） Hearing the doorbell,she stopped washing the dishes.听到门铃声，她停止了洗盘子。 Stop to do 停下停下（手头的事情）去做另外的一件事。 Hearing the doorbell,she stopp

35、ed to open the door.听到门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。 练一练练一练 The two girls when they saw me. The two girls to me when they saw me. A. stopped to talk B.stopped talking C.stop to talk D.stopped talk 13. three times a day 一天三次 Take it three times a day.这个一天吃三次。 【拓展】【拓展】once 一次、一次、twice 两次、两次、three times 三次三次 three ti

36、mes 和 a day 都可以进行替换，如： Take this medicine 4 times a day. He goes to the library 5 times a week. 【考题链接】【考题链接】翻译句子： 他每个月去游泳两次。 U2 14. I was not feeling very well. well 表示健康的，是形容词。 e.g. The girl feels well after taking medicine. 吃了药女孩感觉好了。 well 表示好地，是副词。 e.g. Do you eat well at school? 你在学校吃得好吗? 【拓展拓展】

37、well/good 辨析辨析 两者都可以表示好的意思。比较级和最高级都为 better 和 best. （1）well 是副词副词，用于修饰 动词。 （2）good 作形容词形容词，用作定 语或表语。 （3）well 作形容词形容词时，指的 是健康状况良好。 Tom speaks Chinese well. 汤 姆的汉语说得好。 He sings well. 他唱得好。 She is a good doctor. 她是个好 医生。 His pronunciation is very good. 他的语音很好。 He is quite well. 他身体好。 I hope you will be

38、 well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。 练一练练一练 Her son is a student. 她儿子是一个好学生。 All went .一切顺利 He plays basketball very 他打篮球特别棒。 Im very , thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。 15. check ones heart 检查某人的心脏 16. active a. 积极的积极的 -ive 也是一个非常常见的形容词后缀。 9 I have never been active, and I do not like sports.我从来没有积极过，而且我不喜欢运动。 【拓展】【拓展】和 active

39、相关的词汇总结如下： activity n. 活动 act v. 表演 actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 【考题链接】考题链接】请猜测下列单词的含义： talkative representative imaginative 17. 带某人散步带某人散步 take sb for a walk I get exercise by taking him for a walk. 18. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. 现在每天通过带它去散步我得到了锻炼。（Unit2） by 为介词， 此处意为通过。

40、by doing sth 表示表示“通过某种方式通过某种方式”。 翻译：我姐姐通过听英语歌曲来学习英语。 _ 19. 决定干某事决定干某事 decide to do sth 20. 创办一个女子足球队创办一个女子足球队 start a girls football team 21. take part take part in take part in 意为参加，常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积 极的态度，起一定作用。take part in 之后接名词或动名词。注意终止性动词如何转化成延续 性的用法。 I didnt take part in the sports

41、 meeting yesterday because I was ill. 我没有参加昨天的运动会， 因为我病了。 Everyone can take part in gardening. 每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。 【拓展】 join 是动词是动词，意为加入。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一 员。其后常出现 club, army, team, group 以及人称代词宾格等。相当于 become a member of。常 见的搭配有： join+党派、团体名词表示加入某一党派或团体。 He joined the Party last year. 他去年入党了。

42、 join the army 参军 join in +某活动表示参加某活动，这时相当于 take part in。 join the swimming club 参加游泳俱乐部 join sb表示加入到某个行列中（一起做某事） join us 加入到我们的行列 attend “出席出席”,指参加比较正式的场合，如典礼，会议。 【考题链接】【考题链接】翻译句子： 他已经参军 5 年了。 答案：答案：He has been in the army for 5 years. 思路分析：思路分析：join 是终止性动词，不能和一段时间连用，因此将其转化成be in的形式。 10 _ of volunt

43、eers will be needed for planting trees near that desert. Lets go and _ them. A. Thousands; join B. Thousands; be a member of C. Three thousand; take part in D. Thousands; be in 22. condition n. 状况状况 She is in excellent condition too.她的状况也很好。 in excellent condition 或 in condition 表示健康状况良好。 out of con

44、dition 表示健康状况不佳。 Do exercise every day and you will be back in excellent condition soon. Do more exercises or you will be out of condition.多做锻炼否则你会身体不好的。 【拓展】【拓展】 in good condition 状况良好 This car is in good condition. air-condition 空调 词性：conditional 有条件的 adverbial clause of condition 条件状语从句 【考题】【考题】翻

45、译句子： 他的身体非常好。 23. Why dont sb do (动词原形) ?=Why not+do(动词原形) ? 意为为什么不做呢？用来向别人提建议或征求对方意见。 【即学即练】 1. The man is old, but he is _ excellent condition. A. in B. at C. for D. of 2.-Would you like to _ the English party? -Id like to. A. take part in B. join C. take part 3. -Whats wrong? -I have got a headac

46、he. I feel _. A. good B. well C. awful D. active Keys: A, A, C 中考链接中考链接 1. How long has Robert _? Since 2004. A. been to Beijing B. become a policeman C. joined the art club D. studied in this school 2. Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? No, I _ our guide book and towels yet. A. dont

47、pack B. didnt pack C. have packed D. havent packed 3. Is Jim in the office? No, he _ the dinning hall. A. goes B. would go C. has gone D. had gone 4. Your shoes are so old. Why dont you buy a new pair? Because I _ all my money on an MP5. A. spend B. have spent C. am spending D. was spending 24. in t

48、he last three days 在最近三天在最近三天 25. underground n. 地铁地铁 underground = metro = subway = tube 地铁 11 by underground=on the underground 坐地铁坐地铁 In the last few years, I went to work by underground.在过去的几年里我坐地铁上班。 【拓展】【拓展】 另外 underground 还可以翻译为地下的，如 underground palace。 【考题】【考题】请把下面的句子用另外一种方式翻译： 在过去的几年里我坐地铁上班。 答案：答案：In the last few years, I took the underground to work. 思路分析：考查思路分析：考