（精）人教版八年级下册英语第14讲 Review of Units 6—10词句精讲精练与综合能力演练（2份打包）（含答案）.zip

1 Review of Units 610 词句精讲精练词句精讲精练 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1. hurt （1）hurt 作及物动词，意为“使受伤，使弄痛”，过去分词和过去式都是 hurt。例如： She hurt her right knee. 她伤了右膝。 I hope you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。 (2) hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如： I hurt her feelings when I said she was fat. 我说她胖，伤害了她的感情了。 I dont mean to hurt you. 我并非有意伤害你。 （3）hurt 作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。例如： My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路时脚疼。 He had a fever and his head hurt. 他感冒了而且头痛。 2. raise raise 是及物动词，意为“筹集”。常用短语：raise sth. for sb./ sth.意为“为某人/物 而筹 集”。例如： We raise money for Hope Project. 我们为希望工程筹钱。 【拓展】 (1) raise 作及物动词，意为“提升，举起，升起”。例如： raise ones hand 举手 raise ones glasses to sb. 举杯祝福某人 (2) raise 作及物动词，还可意为“种植；饲养；培养；抚养”。例如： Their family raised much rice. 他们家种了很多稻米。 3. as a result as a result 为习惯短语，意为“因此；结果”，在句中作状语。例如： She didnt practice, and as a result she lost. 她没有练习，所以输了。 The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didnt arrive on time. 交通十分拥挤，因此我们没有能准时到达。 【拓展】 as a result of 意为“由于；作为的结果”。先交代结果，再用 as a result of 连接原因。 例如：We cant go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不能出去。 4. offer （1）offer 作动词，意为“给予；提供；提出”。例如： He offered me 500 dollars for that old car. 他出 500 美元向我买那辆旧车。 Offer some coffee to the guests. 给客人端些咖啡来。 He offered me a cup of tea. 他给了我一杯茶。 2 （2）offer to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事；主动提出做某事”。例如： I offered to help my mother do housework. 我主动提出帮助妈妈做家务。 He offered to drive me to the station. 他表示愿意开车送我去车站。 5. beat beat 是及物动词，有以下用法： (1) 意为“赢；打败；战胜”，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为 beat。 例如： I beat him at long jump yesterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。 (2) 意为“打；击”，表示连续不断的打击。例如： Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？ (3) 表示“（心脏）等跳动”。例如： I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。 【拓展】 beat 和 win 都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同： beat 的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而 win 的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为 won。例如： Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。 Who win the first prize in the competition? 谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？ 6. maybe maybe 作副词，意为“也许；大概”。例如： Maybe he is a teacher. 也许他是个老师。 【拓展】辨析：maybe 与 may be (1) maybe 是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用。意为“也许，大概”。它通常放在 句子的开头，在句子中作状语。例如： Maybe they wont go there tonight. 他们大概今晚不会去那儿。 Maybe he is happy. 也许他是幸福的。 (2) may be 是“情态动词 may+动词原形 be”构成的，在句中做谓语，意为“可能是、大概是” 。 例如： She may be at home. 她可能在家。（也可以说：Maybe she is at home.） You may be right. 你可能是对的。（也可以说：Maybe you are right.） 7. succeed succeed 作不及物动词，意为“成功”；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接 in doing sth.。 例如： Her plan succeeded. 她的计划成功了。 At last we succeeded in solving the problem. 我们终于把那个问题解决了。 【拓展】 (1) success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，作不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则 是可数名词。例如： Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 My new book was a great success. 我新出版的书获得了巨大成功。 3 (2)successful 作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如： The performance was successful. 演出很成功。 It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。 8. mark mark 作可数名词，意为“痕迹；记号”。例如： The dogs always make dirty marks. 这些狗总是制造斑斑污迹。 【拓展】 (1)mark 作名词，意为“分数；成绩”。例如： She scored the highest marks in the exam. 她在考试中得了最高分。 Whats your mark in your test? 你考试多少分？ (2)mark 作动词，意为“给打分；给评分”。例如： The teacher marked the examination papers. 教师给试卷打了分数。 9. collect collect 作及物动词，意为“收集，搜集”。例如： collect stamps 收集邮票 collect coins 收集硬币 【拓展】 collection 作名词，意为“收藏品、收集物”。是动词 collect 的名词形式，是由动词 collect 后缀-tion 变化来的。 collector 作名词，意为“收藏家”。例如： These are my collections. 这些是我的收藏品。 My brother has a very good collection of stamps. 我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。 Mark is a famous stamp collector. Mark 是一位著名的邮票收藏家。 词汇精练词汇精练 I. 英汉词组互译。英汉词组互译。 1. 量体温_________ 2. run out of_______ 3. make a difference ________________ 4. 依靠，依赖__________ 5与某人和睦相处 ________ 6have fun doing sth________ 7. 从前___________________ 8give up________________ 9. come to realize________ 10鼓励某人做某事________________ II. 根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。 1We have made a d_______ about our study goal for the new term 2We should look after o_______ when we are alone at home 3. We held a concert to r________ money for Project Hope. 4. The hotel will p_______ free breakfast for us. 5If you dont know the meaning of the word, just try to g_______ it. 4 6It was _______(报道) that there was going to be a football match this afternoon 7. She spent the ________ (整个的) evening finishing the task. 8Many animals are in dangerWe should do something to p______ them 9The girl n_______ Lily knows you a lot 10Do you know who d______ America? Columbus(哥伦布) III. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. She kept on _______(work) though his leg hurt 2. No one can be successful _______(with) hard work 3. They had ______________(difficult) finding the way to the museum. 4. My friend, Mike, enjoys ________(cook) very much. 5. She had an ________(usual) experience last night. She didnt believe it at all. 6. Wish you have fun _______(learn) English this term 7The old woman_______ (fall) over and broke her leg 8. The boy was ______________(lose) and he couldnt find his mother. 9. Its said that the game Angry Birds has been downloaded _______(million) of times 10Jim has large _______(collect) of stamps 【参考答案参考答案】 I. 英汉词组互译。英汉词组互译。 1. take ones temperature 2. 用尽；耗尽 3.影响；有作用 4. depend on 5get on well with sb 6. 做某事很有趣 7. once upon a time 8放弃 9逐渐意识到 10encourage sb. to do sth II. 根据汉语提示或首字母提示补全句子。根据汉语提示或首字母提示补全句子。 1. difference 2. ourselves 3. raise 4. provide 5. guess 6. reported 7. whole 8. protect 9. named 10. discovered III. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. working 2. without 3. difficulty 4. cooking 5. unusual 6.learning 7fell 8.lost 9millions 10.collection 句式精讲句式精讲 1. Whats the matter？ Whats the matter?和 Whats wrong?是用来询问对方出了什么毛病或问题，意为“怎么了？”， 是医生询问病人病情时的常用语。例如： Whats the matter? 你怎么了？ I have a headache. 我头疼。 Whats wrong, Lily? 李莉怎么了？ I dont feel very well. 我感觉不太舒服。 【拓展】 Whats the matter?和 Whats wrong?后可接 with sb. / sth.，即 Whats the matter with sb./ sth.? 或 Whats wrong with sb./sth.? 意为“某人/某物怎么了？” 例如： Whats the matter with you? = Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？ 5 Whats wrong / Whats the matter with your arm? 你的胳膊怎么了？ Nothing. 没什么。 注意：注意：matter 是名词，其前只能加定冠词 the；wrong 是形容词，前面不需要加任何冠词。 不能说 Whats your wrong? 和 Whats your matter? 2. Ive run out of it. (1) run out of 意为“用完，用尽”，相当于 use up。例如： We have run out of paper.我们的纸用完了。 (2) run out 意为“用完了”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为“时间、食物、金钱等”的词； 而 run out of 意为“用完了”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。例如： Youd better go home before your money runs out. 你最好别等钱花光再回家。 They ran out of coal, and had to burn wood. 他们的煤用光了，只好烧柴。 3. And she wont be happy if she sees this mess. if 后面的部分是这个句子中的条件状语从句。在以 when，after，as soon as 等引导的时 间状语从句和以 if，unless 等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用 一般现在时表示将来的意义。例如： Ill tell him the good news when he comes back. 当他回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉他。 If it doesnt rain, we will come here on time. 如果不下雨，我们会按时来这儿的。 常见的“主将从现”有以下三种情况： （1）条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。例如： When I grow up, Ill be a teacher. 我长大后要当一名教师。 （2）如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。例如： Dont laugh at others when they make mistakes. 当别人犯错误的时候，不要嘲笑他们。 （3）如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。 例如： You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 在阅览室时应保持安静。 4. Why dont you talk to your parents？ “Why dont you + 动词原形 + 其他？”相当于“Why not + 动词原形 + 其他？”表示“为 什么不？”，是作建议和询问。例如： Why dont you go to the zoo with us? = Why not go to the zoo with us? 为什么不同我们一起去动物园呢？ Why dont you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？ 【拓展】 why not 用在口语中表示赞同，意为“当然，好啊”。例如： Lets go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。 Why not? 好啊！ 5. It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain. seem 此处作连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，后跟形容词作表语。可以和 seem to be 相互转 换。 例如： 6 She seems very angry. = She seems to be very angry. 她好像非常生气。 【拓展】 (1) “主语 + seem + (to be) +表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。 例如： He seems (to be) a very clever boy. 他看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。 Mr. Black seemed to be quite happy. Black 先生好像十分快乐。 (2) “主语 + seem + 不定式”，此句型中，seem 与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 例如： Mrs. Green doesnt seem to like the picture. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这张画。 The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。 (3) “It seems + that 从句”，其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句。例如： It seems that no one knows what has happened there. 似乎没有人知道在那儿发生了什么事。 It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。 6. Have you decided yet which book to write about for English class? which book to write about 是“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构，在句子中作动词 decide 的宾 语。相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如： I dont know where to go.=I dont know where I can go. 我不知道我去哪儿。 【拓展】 疑问词 what，which，how，where，when 等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。 “疑问词动词不定式”，可以作主语、宾语、表语等。 When to start off hasnt been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。（作主语） The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。（作表语） “疑问词动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。 I dont know what I should do. I dont know what to do. 我不知道做什么。 句式精练句式精练 I. 同义句变换。同义句变换。 1. They made a decision to travel abroad. They ________ ________ travel abroad. 2. I arrived at the theatre early so that I could get good seat. I arrived at the theatre early ________ _______ ________ get a good seat. 3. We dont go shopping. We watch TV at home instead. We watch TV at home _________ _________ _________ shopping. 4. The panda is kind of cute. The panda is _______ ________ ________cute. 5. The teacher seemed angry. __________ __________ _________ the teacher was angry. 6He borrowed the book two weeks ago He ______ ______ the book since two weeks ago 7Mary hasnt been to BeijingI havent been to Beijing，either _______ Mary _______ I ______ been to Dalian 8. Please tell me how I can use the phone. (改为同义句) 7 Please tell me ________ ________ _________the phone. II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. 那位老师对我的生活产生了影响。 The teacher________ _________ _________ to my life. 2. 我们得尽力使她振作起来。 We had to try to _________ _________ _________. 3你今天晚上为什么不看电视呢？ ________ ________ ________ watch TV this evening? 4她的室友的闹钟总是在午夜响起。 Her roommates alarm clock always ______ _______ at mid-night 5. 我喜欢这些照片，它们能使我想起城市的生活。 I like these photos and they can __________ me ____________the life in the city. 6. 他是中国最有名的音乐家之一。 He is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______in China 7我迫不及待坐飞机去旅行。 I _____ ______ ______ travel around by air 8我常看见他在家弹钢琴。 I often ______ ______ _______the piano at home III. 从方框里选择填入对话相应空白处的适当选项。从方框里选择填入对话相应空白处的适当选项。 A What will you do there? B How will you go there? C How soon will you leave for Taiwan? DWho will go there with you? E. I am going to visit Taiwan? (After the final exams，Alice and Liu Mei are talking about their summer vacation plans at home) Alice=A Liu Mei=L A：Hey，Liu MeiOur school life has come to an endWhat are you going to do this summer vacation? L： 1 I can see the beautiful view there A：Sounds greatTaiwan is the Treasure Island of China(中国宝岛) 2 L：Ill go to Mount Ali(阿里山)，Sun Moon Lake(日月潭) and some other beautiful placesAnd I want to see Tuantuan and Yuanyuan A： 3 L：By shipPeople from the mainland(大陆) can fly or take a ship thereHowever，I like to go there by ship better A：I agree with youTaking a ship is very interestingBy the way， 4 L：My parents will go there with me A： 5 L：Oh，I will leave in two monthsSo we can still hang out sometimes before I leave A：Great! Well，dont forget to bring back some various delicious fruits from Taiwan L：Of course not 【参考答案参考答案】 I. 同义句变换。同义句变换。 8 1. decided to 2. in order to 3. instead of going 4. a little bit 5. It seemed that 6has kept 7Neither；nor；have 8. how to use II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. made a difference 2. cheer her up 3. Why dont you 4. goes off 5. remind; of 6one of the most famous musicians 7. cant wait to 8see him play III. 从方框里选择填入对话相应空白处的适当选项。从方框里选择填入对话相应空白处的适当选项。 1.E 2. A 3.B 4.D 5.C1 综合能力演练综合能力演练 【巩固练习巩固练习】 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 (每小题每小题 1 分，共分，共 15 分分) 1Do you play ______ piano in your free time? No，I like sportsI often play _______ soccer with my friends A不填；the Bthe；不填 Cthe；the Da；a 2The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _______ our health Afrom Bwith Cof Dfor 3Wow! Youve got so many clothes But _______ of them are in fashion now Aall Bboth Cneither Dnone 4. Can you tell me________ English at home? Listen to the English program and do a lot of reading. Ahow to read Bhow to learn Cwhen to use Dwhat to read 5Who ran _______ of all in the sports meeting? Hector did，I think Afast Bfaster Cfastest Dmore fast 6I _______ a book when it began to rain that evening Aread Bhave read Cwas reading Dwould read 7I _______ my bag everywhere but I couldnt find it Maybe you left it on the playground Alooked for Blooked at Cbooked after Dlooked up 8Did Tom tell you _______? AWhen he will leave for Beijing Bwhen will he leave for Beijing Cwhen would he leave for Beijing Dwhen he would leave for Beijing 9My mother told me _______ work too late Adont Bnot to Cdont to Dto not 10If it _______ tomorrow，I will stay at home and do some housework Awill rain Bis going to rain Crains Dis raining 11We are going to play in tomorrows football matchI feel very nervous，Dad _______Im sure you can win the match ASorry BTake it easy CGood idea DHave fun 12______ I finish my homework now? No，you ______Your work is over today ACant；must BMust；dont have to CMay；couldnt DCouldnt；could 13The Greens used to live in London and now they _______ in Beijing Aused to live Bare used to live Care used to living Dare used for living 14My car _______Could you please give me a ride tomorrow? 2 Im sorry I cantIm _______ London tomorrow morning Ais new，leaving Bhas broken down，leaving for Cbroke，leaving for Dis expensive，leaving 15Would you mind _______ the newspaper to us，Miss Yang? Areading Bread Cto read Dhave read II. 完形填空。完形填空。 （每空（每空 1 分，共分，共 10 分）分） Whats your idea about success? Some people say that beginners have all the luck, while others believe that success 1 only with practice. In fact, I feel both of these statements (陈述) are not true all the time. Each is true in some ways 2not in others. For example, I went to a drawing competition many years ago and 3 surprisingly. As a prize, I got a film ticket to see “Titanic”. I was really 4 because it was the first time I had taken part in any competition, Thinking that I might be lucky again, I 5joining in other art competitions. But the result was that I 6 won again. I accepted the fact that the other people had a 7 artistic ability than I did. Art was not something I was especially interested in and I had never practiced the different art skills. So, the 8 I produced were not of a very high standard. These experiences taught me a lot. Though I might have been lucky 9, I also need to put in hard work. As we know, 10 makes perfect. So I believe success builds on less luck and chance. 1. A. moves B. comes C. returns D. leaves 2. A. or B. so C. and D. but 3. A. won B. began C. failed D. ended 4. A. sorry B. active C. lucky D. nervous 5. A. tried B. forgot C. stopped D. remembered 6. A. often B. ever C. seldom D. never 7. A. greater B. more natural C. lower D. more common 8. A. results B. film C. prizes D. drawings 9. A. at last B. at most C. at first D. at least 10. A. chance B. practice C. difference D. experience III. 阅读理解。阅读理解。 （每小题（每小题 2 分，共分，共 40 分）分） A Personality Quiz(竞答游戏) Results Have you got any friends? Do you often go to parties? Do you do your homework carefully? Do you often get good marks? Do you often help your parents do housework? Do you often go to KFC for dinner? Do your friends often tell you about their worries? Do you often show your different ideas in class? Keke No No Yes Yes No Yes No No Xiaoxiao Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 1. Keke has got ________ friends. A. many B. few C. one D. som