人教版八年级下册英语Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？短语、语法知识点汇总.docx

1、八年级英语下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 1 一、必背短语 Section A 部分 1.在的时候 at the time of 2.（闹钟）响铃 go off 3.接（电话） pick up 4. 进人梦乡；睡着 fall asleep 5.拍打 beat against 6. 确信；确认 make sure 7. 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 die down 8. 醒来 wake up 9. 一团糟 in a mess 10. 使分离 break apart 11.错过公交车 miss the bus 12.洗

2、热水澡 take a hot shower Section B 部分 1. 在路边 by the side of the road 2. 走路经过 walk by 3. 在某人去的路上 make ones way to 4.历史上的重大事件 important events in history 5. 沉默；无声 in silence 6.最近地；新近 more recently 7.拆除；摧毁 take down 8.对有意义 have meaning to 9. 记得做过某事 remember doing sth. 10. 首先；最初 at first 11.实话说 to tell the

3、 truth 12.其余的，其他的 the rest of 【教材内容解析】【教材内容解析】 Section A 1. What were you doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? (P. 33) 此句是过去进行时，表示过去某个时候正在发生的动作，结构为：was/were doing sth.。 They were watching TV at nine oclock last night. 2. My alarm didnt go off so.(P. 34) go off 此处表示“发出响声”，还可以表示“爆炸、离开、停止运转”。

4、The alarm went off at 7 a.m. yesterday. A bomb went off just now. Danny decided go off on his own. 3. I called at seven and you didnt pick up. (P. 34) pick up 意为“接电话”，相当于 answer the phone。 Why dont you pick up/answer the phone? 【拓展】【拓展】pick up 还可以表示“捡起、开车接送”。 My pen is under your desk. Can you pick

5、it up for me? Can you pick me up at the station? 4. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either. (P. 34) 八年级英语下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 2 also, too, as well 与 either 都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。 also 放在句中行为动词前，be 动词、助动词和情态动词之后。 He also wants to go. too 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，

6、前面用逗号隔开。 He wants to go, either. as well 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。 He wants to go as well. either 用于否定句句末。 He doesnt want to go either 5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. (P. 35) (1) with 这里用作介词，表示伴随状况，意为“由于、因为”。 With John away, theres more room in the house. (2) feel like 表示“感觉像、感觉好似” The

7、interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours. 【拓展】【拓展】feel like 还可以表示“想要”，后接动词时，用 doing 的形式。 He didnt feel like going swimming. 6. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. (P. 35) make sure 意为“确保”，后接 of 短语或者

8、 that 从句。 I tried to make sure of the problem. Make sure that no one finds out about it. 7. She also put some candles and matches on the table. (P. 35) match 此处用作名词，表示“火柴”。 Dont let your children play with matches. 【拓展】【拓展】match 用作名词还可以表示“比赛”，用作动词，意为“般配”。 Our team won the football game. This pair of

9、 shoes match your dress well. 8. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. (P. 35) (1) beat 用作动词，表示“敲打、拍打”，还可以表示“战胜、打败”，宾语是对手。 They beat drums to cheer up the players. I beat her at swimming yesterday. (2) against 用作介词，表示“碰、撞”。 The rain beat against

10、 the windows. 【拓展】【拓展】against 用作介词，还可以表示“倚着、靠着”或者“反对”。 The worker put the leader against the wall. We were rowing against the current. 八年级英语下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 3 They are against building a factory here. 9. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down a

11、t around 3:00 a.m. (P. 35) die down 意为“逐渐变弱、逐渐消失”。 The wind finally died down. 10. When he woke up, the sun was rising. (P. 35) (1) wake sb. up 意为“把某人唤醒”，wake up 意为“醒来”。 His mother often wakes him up at 6:00 in the morning. I usually wake up at 6:30. (2) rise(rose, risen, rising)不及物动词，意为“升起，上升” 辨析辨析

12、：rise 与 raise rise 不及物动词 意为“升起， 上升” The water in the river rose after the heavy rain. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. raise 及物动词 意为“提高， 筹集， 抬高，举起” The worker want the boss to raise their wages（工资）. The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions. We should try our best to

13、 raise more money for the poor family. 11. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. (P. 35) break.apart 意为“把折断；把分开”。 The strong wind broke the branches apart. Rumors broke the two close friends apart. Section B 1. Kate realized her bag was still

14、at home. (P. 37) realize 用作及物动词，意为“理解、领会、意识到”，后接名词、代词或者从句作宾语。 He didnt realize his mistake. The man laughed when he realized what happened. 2. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school. (P. 38) make ones way to 意为“前往”，后接表示地点的名词。 We slowly made our way to

15、 the mall through the crowd. 八年级英语下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 4 3. Robert Allen is now over 50, but he was a school pupil at that time. (P. 38) over 此处表示“超过、多于”，相当于 more than。 She stayed in Lagos for over a month. He is over sixty. 4. We were eating dinner in the kitc

16、hen when we heard the news on the radio. (P. 38) on the radio 表示“通过广播、通过录音机”，on 此处用作介词，表示“借助、以某种方 式”，后常接表示媒介的名词。 She is watching the show on TV. 5. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence. (P. 38) (1) rest 此处表示“其余的部分”，the rest of 意为“其余的、其它的”，后可接可 数名词后者不可

17、数名词，当在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与 of 后面的名词保 持一致，若 of 后面的名词是单数可数名词或者不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式； 若 of 后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 The rest of the money is on the desk. Some of the students are reading in the classroom and the rest of them are on the playground. (2) in silence 意为“沉默、无声”。 She stood by the window in silence for a

18、 long time. 6. More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. (P. 38) (1) recently 用作副词，意为“近来、最近”，常与现在完成时连用。 Have you called your mother recently? (2) take down 意为“拆除、拆掉”，还可以表示“写下、记下”。 Could you please help me take do

19、wn this tent? I forgot to take down his telephone number. 7. I didnt believe him at first, but then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. (P. 38) 八年级英语下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 5 at first 意为“起初、起先”，多用于句首或者句尾，暗示与后来的动作或者情况不同， 与 at last“最后、最终”相对。 Th

20、e work was hard at first, but I got used to it later. 8. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. (P. 38) hardly 用作副词，表示“几乎不、几乎没有”。 She hardly ate anything today. There is hardly any milk left in the ridge. 9. Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event. (P

21、. 39) truth 用作名词， 表示“实情、 事实”， to tell the truth 表示“说实话”， 放在句中作插入语， 用逗号同句子其它成分隔开。 I must tell you the truth. 【语法讲解】【语法讲解】 过去进行时过去进行时 1. 基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的 动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用时间状语来表示。 2. 结构 was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing 3. 句式 肯定式： I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working. 否定

22、式: I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They/ were not working. 疑问式和简略回答: Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I was not. Was he/she/it working? Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they working? Yes, you/we/they were. No, you/we/they wer

23、e not. 注： 1) was not 常缩略为 wasnt; were not 常缩略为 werent。 2) 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的 动作或存在的状态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动 作。 例如: David wrote a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。 (信写完了。 ) David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信 不一定写完。) 八年级英语下册 U

24、nit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 单元总结 6 4.过去进行时中的 when 和 while when, while 区别： 1) 由 when 引导的时间状语从句， 主句用过去进行时， 从句应用一般过去时； 由 while 引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时。 When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. 2)如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用 while 引导。 如： They were singing while we were dancing.