人教版八年级下册英语 Unit5 知识点+练习教师（含答案）.doc

1、人教版八下教师版 1 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 重点重点 单词： rainstorm,alarm,begin,suddenly,heavily,strange,winds,light,report,flashlights,match, beat,against,asleep,rise,apart,helpline,passage,completely,shocked,silence,recently, date, tower, realize, truth 句型： 1.be busy doing sth. 2.see

2、 sb./sth. doing sth. 3. begin/start to do sth. 4.try to do sth. 5.Its+adj.+to do sth. 6.have trouble（in）doing sth. 7. What were you doing at eight last night? I was taking a shower. 8.What was she doing at the time of the rainstorm? She was doing her homework. 人教版八下教师版 2 9. What was he doing when th

3、e rainstorm came? He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. 语法： when, while 引导的时间状语从句中的过去时和过去进行时 难点难点 when, while 引导的时间状语从句中的过去时和过去进行时 会用所学知识来描述过去某一时刻发生的事件 易错点易错点 when, while 引导从句的区别用法 高频考点高频考点 when, while 引导的时间状语从句中的过去时和过去进行时 rainstorm n.暴风雨 alarm n.闹钟 go off（闹钟）发出响声 begin v.开始 heavily

4、 adv.在很大程度上；大量的 suddenly adv.突然；忽然 pick up 接电话 strange adj.奇特的；奇怪的 storm n.暴风雨 wind n.风 light n.光；光线；光亮 report n.报道；公布 area n.地域；地区 wood n.木；木头 window n.窗；窗户 flashlight n.手电筒；火炬 match n.火柴 beat v.敲打；打败 against prep.倚；碰；撞 asleep adj.睡着 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 rise v.升起；增加；提高 fallen adj

5、.倒下的；落下的 apart adv.分离；分开 have a look 看一看 icy adj.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 kid v.开玩笑；欺骗 realize v.理解；领会；认识到 make ones way 前往；费力的前进 passage n.章节；段落 pupil n.学生 completely adv.彻底地；完全地 shocked adj.惊愕的；受震惊的 人教版八下教师版 3 silence n.沉默；缄默；无声 in silence 沉默；无声 recently adv. 不久前；最近 take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 terrorist n.恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 dat

6、e n.日期；日子 tower n.塔；塔楼 at first 首先；最初 truth n.实情；事实 Allen 艾伦（姓） Martin /Luther/King 马丁 路德 金 Alabama 阿拉巴马州（美国） Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 World Trade 世贸大楼（美国纽约） 第一部分第一部分：词汇词汇精讲精讲 1. begin v. (began) 开始开始 e.g. Ill begin whenever youre ready. 你什么时候准备好我就开始。 【拓展】常用的句型： begin to do 与 begin doing 一般来说，begin to

7、 do 和 begin doing 可以互换，但在以下三种情况下，用 to do。 I. 主语不是指人，而是 it 等。 如：It began to rain. II. begin 后接表示心理活动的词。如：begin to know 还有 believe, wonder, think 等词。 III. begin 本身是 ing 形式，为避免重复后接 to do。 即：beginning to do 2. heavily adv. 在很大程度上；大量地在很大程度上；大量地 形容词：形容词：heavy 重的；重的； e.g. moving heavily 吃力地移动 It was rainin

8、g heavily. 雨下得很大。 3. asleep adj. 睡着睡着 fall asleep 入睡，睡着 【拓展】区别 sleepy, asleep mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; cant help; give up 等词一样后接动词的-ing 形式。例如： I dont want to miss seeing that film on television tonight. 我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。 10. suddenly suddenly 作副词，意为“突然，忽然” ，在句中多修饰动词或句子，做状语。例如

9、： I suddenly remembered that I didnt bring my key. 我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。 It all happened so suddenly. 一切都发生得那么突然。 人教版八下教师版 6 11. either (1) either 作副词，意为“也不” ，用在否定句中。例如： He cant play the violin. I cant, either. 他不会拉小提琴，我也不会。 (2) either pron. （两者中）任意一个。例如： There are many trees on either side of the street. 在

10、街道的每一边都有很多树。 (3) eitheror为连词短语， 连接两个相同的句子成分， 意为 “要么要么； 或者或者； 不是就是” 。例如： He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend. 在周末，他要么待在家里，要么拜访朋友。 They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. 他们不是明天来，就是后天来。 【注意】 eitheror连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致，即遵循就近原 则。例如： Either I or he is

11、on duty today. 今天不是我值日，就是他值日。 12. light （1）light 作不可数名词，意为“光；光亮；光线” 。例如： The sun gives out light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。 He read the letter by the light of the candle. 他在烛光下读那封信。 （2）light 作可数名词，意为“电灯；光源” 。例如; Dont cross the road when the traffic lights are red. 当交通灯是红色时，不要横穿马路。 （3）light 作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的” 。

12、例如： Is the box heavy or light? 那箱子是重还是轻？ I like the light green dress. 我喜欢哪件浅绿色的裙子。 （4）light 作动词，意为“点燃；照亮” 。例如： He sat down and lit a cigarette. 人教版八下教师版 7 他坐下来，点了一支烟。 13. beat beat 是及物动词，有以下用法： (1) 意为“赢；打败；战胜” ，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为 beat。例如： I beat him at long jump yesterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。 (2) 意为“打；击” ，表示

13、连续不断的打击。例如： Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？ (3) 表示“ （心脏）等跳动” 。例如： I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。 【拓展】 beat 和 win 都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同： beat 的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而 win 的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为 won。 例如： Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。 Who won the first prize in the competition? 谁在比赛中赢得了

14、一等奖？ 14. against against 是介词，其用法如下： (1) 反对，违反。对应的反义词为 for，常用于 be against sb. / sth.反对某人/某事 例如： Are most people against having a part-time job? 大多数人反对做兼职工作吗？ (2) 和交战（指竞争、比赛等） 。例如： Well have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week. 下星期我们将于二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。 (3) 碰、撞、擦。例如： Rain

15、 beats against the window. 雨打在窗户上。 (4) 倚着、靠着。例如： There was a ladder propped up(支撑) against the wall.一把梯子靠着墙。 (5) 防备，抗。例如： She saved money against old age. 她攒钱防老。 (6) 逆着。例如： We are sailing against the wind. 我们（的船）正逆风航行。 (7) 衬托，相映，对照。例如： 人教版八下教师版 8 Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky. 红旗

16、在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。 15. try try 作动词，意为“尝试，努力” 。主要用法如下： （1）try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事” ，其否定形式为 try not to do sth.。 例如： Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。 Try to get here in two hours. 尽量在两小时之内到达。 （2）try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事” ，强调尝试做某事。例如： You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。 （3）try ones b

17、est to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事” 。例如： We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。 16. hard/hardly hardly 和 hard 形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。 （1）hard 作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的” 。 hard 作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地” 。例如： I work hard at school. 我在学校努力学习。 This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬，挖

18、不动。 They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作，以求得成功。 【拓展】 work hard at意为“努力于” 。例如： He is working hard at English. 他正在努力学习英语。 （2）hardly 是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有” ，相当于 almost not，并非 hard 的副词形式。 例如： There is hardly any coffee left. = Theres almost no coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。 词汇精练词汇精练 I. 英汉短语互译。英汉短语互译。 1沉默；无声_ 2rem

19、ember to do _ 3首先；最初_ 4have fun doing sth_ 5感觉；好像_ 6on the playground _ 7(闹钟)发出响声_ 8report sth. to sb. _ 9逐渐变弱、消失_ 10fall asleep _ 人教版八下教师版 9 II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。 1Maybe there will be a thunder _(暴风雨) 2My mind _(突然) switched back to my conversation with Jeremy 3The smoker tossed away t

20、he lighted _(火柴)and so caused a fire 4I cant read while you are standing in my _(光线) 5It was _(报道) that there was going to be a football match 6The farm is about 50 or 60 square kilometers in the _(地区) 7You should fly your kite a _ the wind 8It rained so _(大) last night that the lake is full of wate

21、r now 9John was very tiredHe soon fell a _ 10I just want to b_ this bad guy III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1I guess from his red eyes that he has been working too _ (hard) recently 2Please remember _(clean) the room after work 3Wish you have fun _(learn) English this term 4Why didnt you attend

22、yesterdays presentation? Sorry，I _(wait)for an important EMS then from an editor 5Almost everyone knows that the moon _(rise) in the east 【参考答案】【参考答案】 I. 英汉短语互译。英汉短语互译。 1. in silence 2. 记得做某事 3. at first 4. 做某事很有趣 5. feel like 6. 在操场上 7. go off 8.向某人报告某事 9. die down 10. 睡着 II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。根据句意和首字

23、母提示完成单词。 1. storm 2. suddenly 3. match 4. light 5. reported 6. area 7. against 8. heavily 9. asleep 10. beat III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. hard 2. to clean 3. learning 4. was waiting 5. rises 人教版八下教师版 10 第二部分：重点句型第二部分：重点句型 1. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 【解析】此句中介词 with 表示一种

24、伴随状况，同时还包含着某种因果关系，表示“因某种状况的存在 而导致”, 因此可翻译成“由于；因为”等。 e.g. With my parents away, Im the king of the house. 我爸妈不在家，我可是家中的“王”了！ I cant work with all that noise going on. 由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。 2. Bens dad while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 【解析】 1) 此句中的连词 while 的意思是 “当的时候； 和同时”

25、， while 还可以表示“而； 然而； 但”之意，用来说明和强调两种事情或情形不同。 e.g. Tom is active and outgoing while his sister Rosa is shy and quiet. 汤姆活跃外向，而他的妹妹罗莎却害羞腼腆。 2) make sure“确认，查明，核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接介词 of 及宾语，用来引入 需要确认的内容。 e.g. Could you make sure what time hes arriving? 你能确认一下他几点到达吗？ Make sure you turn off the TV before

26、 you leave the house. 在你离开屋子前确认关闭了电视。 3) 此句中的 work 表示机器，器官等 “运作，运转”，这是动词 work 的一种基本用法。 e.g. My watch is waterproof that means it would work fine even if its in water. 我的手表是防水的 这就是说即便在水里它也会正常运转。 3. It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. 【解析】It is adj.+ to do sth. 做怎么样。 It is

27、adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做怎么样。 e.g. It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。 4. What happened while Linda was on the telephone？当琳达打电话时，发生什么事了？当琳达打电话时，发生什么事了？ 【解析】 happen 为动词，意为“发生，偶然发生”，常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能 预见的事件的“发生”。 主语常为“事或物”。如： A bad traffic accident happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起严

28、重的交通事故。 2)如果表示“某人发生某事”，常用结构“某事+happened（s）+to +某人。”如： What happened to her ？她怎么了？ 3) sb happened to do sth“某人碰巧做某事”。如： I happened to meet my English teacher on my way to school.在上学的路上我碰巧遇见了我的英语老师。 【拓展】take place /happen 人教版八下教师版 11 二者都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词，所以不用被动语态。而且两者都是短暂性动词，不能与“一段时 间”的状语连用。 Take place 表

29、示按照预先计划、安排某事发生。 Happen 往往表示偶然性的、没有预料的事情“突然发生”。 如：The May 4th Movement took place in1919. 五四运动发生在 1919 年。 How did the accident happened？这次事故是怎样发生的？ 5 . When he woke up, the sun was rising. 当他醒来时，太阳升起来了。当他醒来时，太阳升起来了。 rise 是不及物动词，意为： （价格、水位等）上涨； （月亮、太阳等）上升。 e.g. It is too hot. The temperature rises by

30、6 today. 太热了。今天的气温一下子上升了 6 摄氏度。 was rising 意为“正在升起”，为过去进行时态，该时态表示在过去某时间某动作正在发生，由“助动词 was/were + doing”构成。例如： They were playing in the park. 他们正在公园里玩。 She was reading a book when I came in. 我进来时她正在看书。 6. My parents were completely shocked! 我的父母完全震惊了。我的父母完全震惊了。 completely adv. 彻底地，完全地 e.g. I understan

31、d completely. 我完全明白。 shocked adj. 惊愕的；受震惊的 e.g. She was so shocked that she could hardly say a word. 她大为震惊，几乎一句话也说不出来。 7. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence. in silence 沉默，无声 without speaking or making a sound; silently e.g. Many patients were waiti

32、ng in silence. 许多病人在静静地等候着。 A hundred and fifty reporters sat in silence. 在场的 150 名记者静静地坐在那里。 8 . She remembers working in her office near the two towers. 她记得当时自己正在距两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。她记得当时自己正在距两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。 remember (sb) doing sth 记得（某人）曾经做过某事 e.gI dont remember seeing him anywhere. 我不记得以前在哪里见过他。 I remem

33、ber my father bringing home a large Christmas tree. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 e.g. Tom,please remember to turn off the lights when you leave. 人教版八下教师版 12 汤姆，当你离开的时候记得关灯。 9. But luckily, the driver was fine. luckily 作副词，意为“幸运地；幸亏” ，做状语。例如： Luckily，she found my book. 幸运的是，她找到了我的书。 Luckily, we caught

34、the last train. 很幸运，我们搭上了末班火车。 【拓展】 （1）lucky 作形容词，意为“幸运的；有好运的” 。例如： Some people seem to be always lucky. 有些人似乎总是很幸运。 Nine is my lucky number. 9 是我的幸运数字。 （2）luck 作不可数名词，意为“好运；幸运；运气” 。例如： I hope it will bring you luck. 我希望它会给你带来好运。 Good luck to you！ 祝你好运！ 10. The roads were icy icy 作形容词，意为“结冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的

35、” 。例如： Its not easy to walk on the icy roads. 在结冰的路面上行走不容易。 Because of the icy street, they cant drive the car. 因为街上结满了冰，他们不能开车。 Most people dont want to swim in the icy water. 大多数人都不想在冰冷的水里游泳。 【拓展】 ice 作不可数名词，意为“冰” 。例如： The ice is thick enough to skate on. 这冰够厚的，可以在上面滑冰。 The boy isnt afraid of cold

36、. He is holding a piece of ice. 这个男孩不怕冷，手里握着一块冰。 11. But when I pointed it out to my friend point out 意为“指出” ，是“动词+副词”结构，人称代词作宾语时应放在动词之后、副词之前。例如： There is a mistake in this sentence. Can you point it out? 这个句子有一处错误，你能把它指出来吗？ He pointed out the woman from these photos. 他从这些照片中指出了那个女子。 【拓展】 （1）point 作

37、不及物动词，意为“指；指向” ，常与介词 at，to，towards 等连用，表示“指向某位置 或方向” 。例如： She pointed at me, laughing. 她指着我笑。 （2）point 作可数名词，意为“点；要点” 。例如： Lets discuss the difficult points in the passage. 让我们讨论一下文中的难点。 人教版八下教师版 13 12. Why did you call so many times? so many 意为“那么多” ，修饰复数名词，例如： He has so many friends. 他有那么多的朋友。 The

38、re are so many people in the exhibition. 展览会上有那么多人。 句式精练句式精练 I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。 1The old man couldnt find anywhere to live. (改为同义句) The old man could _ _ to live. 2Mother was cooking while I was doing my homework(对画线部分提问) _ _ your mother _ while you were doing your homework? 3Lily was

39、 reading in the room at that time(改为一般疑问句) _ Lily _ in the room at that time? 4I was sleeping at nine last nightLinda was doing her homework at nine last night(用 while 将句子合 并为一句) I _ _ _ Linda _ _ her homework at nine last night 5Dont forget to lock the door before you leave(改为同义句) _ _ _ the door be

40、fore you leave II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。根据汉语提示，完成句子。 1这时，我要做的只是默默地服从他。 All I had to do now was to obey him _ _ 2天在下雨，记着随身携带你的雨衣。 Its raining_ _ _ your raincoat with you 3起初我们并没有意识到她的伤口的严重性。 _ _ we didnt realize the severity of her wounds 4我今天不太想散步。 I dont _ _ _ very much today 5昨天我和我的朋友打篮球打得很开心。 I _ _ playin

41、g basketball with my friends yesterday 6据报道约 200 人在芦山地震中丧生。 It _ _ that about 200 people had lost their lives in Lushan earthquake 7一直到早上 4 点聚会的人群才渐渐散去。 人教版八下教师版 14 The party didnt _ _ until about four in the morning 8当我去接电话时，没有人说话。 When I _ _ the phone，no one spoke 9我室友的闹钟总是在午夜响起。 My roommates alar

42、m clock always _ _ at mid-night 10如果我开车时睡着了，就叫醒我。 If I fell asleep at the wheel，_ me _ III. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。 AWhats your favorite subject(学科)? BWhy do you like Chinese? CWhat do you usually do after dinner? DDo you like your subjects at school? EDo you have any Chinese books in your

43、bookcase? A：Hi，David! 1 B：Yes，I like my subjects a lot A： 2 B：Chinese A： 3 B：Because its funny A： 4 B：Yes，I usually read them after dinner 5 A：I usually watch TV 【参考答案】【参考答案】 I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。 1. find nowhere 2. What was; doing 3. Was; reading 4. was sleeping while; was doing 5. Reme

44、mber to lock II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。根据汉语提示，完成句子。 1. in silence 2. Remember to take 3. At first 4. feel like walking 5. had fun 6. was reported 7.die down 8. picked up 9. goes off 10. woke; up III. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。 人教版八下教师版 15 1-5 DABEC 第三部分：语法第三部分：语法点拨点拨 过去进行时 1. 基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在

45、进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除 有上下文暗示以外, 一般用时间状语来表示。 2. 结构 was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing 3. 句式 肯定式： I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working. 否定式: I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They/ were not working. 疑问式和简略回答: Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I was n

46、ot. Was he/she/it working? Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they working? Yes, you/we/they were. No, you/we/they were not. 注注 1： 1) was not 常缩略为 wasnt; were not 常缩略为 werent。 2) 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状 态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 例如: David wrote a lette

47、r to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。) David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。) Practice: Look at the picture and make up the dialogues. 注注 2： 过去进行时中的过去进行时中的 when 和和 while when 和 while 都可表示“当的时候” ，引导时间状语从句。你知道两者在过去进行时中的用法有 什么不同吗？ 请仔细观察下面的例句，然后补全空格中的内容。

48、 人教版八下教师版 16 I was walking to school when I saw a cat in a tree. When Sally arrived home, her mother was cleaning the house. 主句的动作是持续性的，而从句动作是短暂性的，此时用_（when）引导时间状语从句，主句 用_（过去进行时）时态，从句用一般过去时态。 While I was sleeping in the bedroom, someone knocked at the door. David fell while he was riding his bike. 主句的动作是短暂性的，从句的动作是持续性的，此时用_（while）引导从句，主句用 _（一般过去时）时态，从句用过去进行时态。 While Andy was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. He was cleaning his car while I was cookin