人教版go for it 八年级下册英语-现在完成时ppt课件.pptx

1、人教版八年级英语下学期语法专练 现在完成时用法及练习现在完成时用法及练习 Teaching Objectives 1.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构 2.现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法 3.常用时间状语常用时间状语 4.have been to 与与have gong to 的区别的区别. 5.短暂性动词短暂性动词( (瞬间动词瞬间动词) )和延续性动词在现在完和延续性动词在现在完 成时中的运用。成时中的运用。 6.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。 7.巩固练习 Teaching Objectives 一一. .现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构 1.肯定结构：肯

2、定结构：have/has + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 I I have seenhave seen this book before.this book before. 以前我看过这本书。以前我看过这本书。 2.否定结构：have not/has not + 动词过去分词动词过去分词 = havent/ /hasnt +动词过去分词动词过去分词 I havent seen this book before. Tom has arrived -Has Tom arrived in Beijing? -Yes, he has./No, he hasnt. hasbeen Has been h

3、ashasnt 3.疑问结构：疑问结构：Have/HasHave/Has + + 主语主语 + + 动词过去分词动词过去分词 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,Yes,主语主语 + + have/hashave/has. . 否定回答：否定回答：No, No, 主语主语 + + havent/hasnthavent/hasnt. . 过去分词的构成 。 1.规则变化规则 .一般情况下，直接加ed. 如work-worked .以e结尾的，直接加d. 如argue-argued .以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，要先双写这 个辅音字母再加ed.如plan-planned .辅音字母加y结尾，

4、把y变i,再加ed.如study-studied 2.不规则变化 ( (课本后不规则动词表课本后不规则动词表) ) go-went-gone do-did-done write-wrote-written see-saw-seen have-had-had put-put-put read-read-read tell-told-told run-ran-run say-said-said 二二. .现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法 1.1.动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响或动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响或 结果。结果。 我们吃过午饭了。 杰克去南京了。 2.2.动作发生在过去，一直

5、延续到现在，还动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，还 有可能继续延续下去。有可能继续延续下去。 . .I have lived here since last year. 从去年我就住在这儿。从去年我就住在这儿。 . .Their grandmother has already been dead for 40 years. 他们的外婆已经去世他们的外婆已经去世4040年了。年了。 三三. .常用时间状语常用时间状语 1.since + 点时间点时间 2.for + 一段时间一段时间 3.since + 从句（从句时态用一般过去时）从句（从句时态用一般过去时） 4.already ,已经已经，用于

6、肯定句，用于肯定句 5.yet,否定句（否定句（还，尚还，尚）；疑问句（）；疑问句（已经已经） 6.just 刚才，方才刚才，方才 7.ever 曾经曾经 8.never 从来没有从来没有 9.so far 到目前为止到目前为止 10.in the past few years 在过去的几年里在过去的几年里 11.up to now 至今，迄今至今，迄今 12.before 以前以前 1. She has been in Luzhou_1995. 2. Jack has gone to Japan_ two years ago. 3. They have been friends _three

7、 months. 4. He has been a doctor _ a long time. 5. My grandfather has been dead _ I was a kid. 用用sincesince或者或者forfor填空填空 since since for for since 四.have been to 与与have gong to的区别。的区别。 1.have been to 表示“曾经去过某地曾经去过某地 ”。 Kate has been to China. 凯特去过中国。凯特去过中国。 2.have gone to 表示“ ”。 My sister has gone

8、to the Great Wall. 我姐姐去长城了。我姐姐去长城了。 Jiahao has gone to the Great Wall. 嘉豪去长城了。 根据汉语意思，用英语完成下列句子，每空一词。根据汉语意思，用英语完成下列句子，每空一词。 1.我去过海南岛两次了。 I _ _ _Hainan Island twice. 2.汤姆不在家，他去了香港。 Tom isnt at home. He _ _ _ Hong Kong. have been to has gone to 五五. .短暂性动词短暂性动词( (瞬间动词瞬间动词) )和延续和延续 性动词在现在完成时中的运用。性动词在现在完

9、成时中的运用。 1.buy-have-买 2.borrow-keep-借 3.die-be dead-死 4.move-live-搬，居住 5.leave-be away(from)-离开 6.start/begin-be on-放映，开始 e here-be here-在这儿 8.arrive-be in-到达，到 1.The cat _(die) for two months. 2.His brother _(come) back for six years. 3.Our classmate Mandy _(leave) for two years. 4.The movie _(begin

10、) for half an hour. has been dead has been has been away has been on 六六. .现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。 1.1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。 2.2.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或 存在的状态，强调的是过去发生的动作。后存在的状态，强调的是过去发生的动作。后 面常有表过去的时间状语面常有表过去的时间状语, ,如如yeste

11、rday,lastyesterday,last week/year/.week/year/.，等等。，等等。 3.3.时间状语的不同时间状语的不同 一般过去时一般过去时 1. yesterday /. . . 2. last /. . . 3. ago 4. this morning 5. in+过去的年份/世纪 6. 过去时间状语从句 7. just now 刚刚 现在完成时现在完成时 1. for / since 2. in the past few years 3. already / yet 4. ever / never 5. just / before 6. so far / up

12、 to now 1. The TV play _ for 5 minutes, so lets see another one Ahas been on Bhas started Cstarted Dbegan 2. He speaks Chinese well because he _ China for many years. Ahas moved to Bhave moved to Chas lived in Dhave lived in 3. The famous woman writer _ for about a year so far. Adied Bhas been dead

13、Chas died Dis dead 4. -How long _ your brother _ this camera? -For two weeks Ahave; bought Bhave; had Chas; had Dhas; bought Consolidation 单项选择单项选择 5. Jenny, when did you move here? I _ here for three years Alived Bmoved Chave moved Dhave lived 6. -Mom, I want to watch The legend of Miyue（芈月传）at 8 t

14、onight -Oh, dear, it _ for a few minutes. Come on! Ahas begun Bwill begin Chas been on Dwill be on 7. -The boy misses his parents very much -He _ the hometown for two years Ahave left Bleft Chas been away from Dwere away from 8. When _ the girl borrow the books from the library -She _ them about one

15、 week Ahas; has borrowed Bdid; has borrowed Chas; has kept Ddid; has kept 9.-Have you read this book? -Yes, I _it two weeks ago. A.is reading B.have read C.will read D.read 10.-May I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry,he isnt in. He_Changsha. A.has been to B.has gone to C.went to D.goes D B 11. -Its dangero

16、us to swim in the river. Look at the sign. -oh! I _notice it. A. dont B. havent C. didnt D.doesnt 12. -_you ever _ to Hong Kong? -Yes, I _ there last year. A. have, been; have been B. have, gone; have been C. have gone, go; went D. have, been; went 13. -_ have you been in Shanghai? -I _there since three years ago. A. When; have gone B. How long; have been C. How long; went D. When; have been 14. -_ did you get to Luzhou? -I _here three years ago. A. When; have been B. How long; have been C. How long; got D. When; got