2021春人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 1 What's the matter- SectionB(2a-2e) 课件.zip
Section B (2a-2e) Unit1Whatsthematter? 学习目标 Keywords sunburned; ourselves; climber; be used to; risk; take risks/take a risk; accident; situation; run out of; cut off; blood; mean; get out of; importance; decision; be in control of; spirit; death; give up. Keysentences: 1. Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions and of being control of ones life. 2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 3. He found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah. Do you know these sports below? Do you think they may be dangerous? What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports? What should we do in the face of these accidents or problems? What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports? falldown getsunburned drown(溺水) breaklegsor arms Have you ever met these situations(情形)? Have you ever met these situations(情形)? haveproblemsinbreathing cutourselves gethitbyaball hurtourbackorarm What should we do when we are in these situations? We should. keep calm(冷静). go to the doctor right now. lie down and rest. take some medicine. put some medicine on the cut. call 120 . Doyoulikeclimbingmountains? Didanyaccidentshappenduringyourclimbing? Whatdidyoudotoovercome(克服)them? Today we will come into the world of AronRalston. DoyouknowAronRalston? Doyouknowthestoryofhim? Heisamountaineeringenthusiast(登山爱好者). AronRalston毕业于卡内基梅隆大学机械工程 系，2002年从英特尔辞职后立志在冬季登遍科罗拉 多州的高山，成功攀登了58座高峰。 AronRalston在2003年5月峡谷探险时遇到意外，右臂被 夹在石缝中无法动弹，他只好借由身体的力量靠在峡谷岩壁 上，这样支撑了5天之后，他突然想出了一个匪夷所思的办法 ，用小刀割断自己的手臂，并且成功的救了自己。断肢六小 时后由直升机救走，抢救医生说：再晚一个小时获救的话 AronRalston就会因失血过多而不治。 2004年AronRalston出版的回忆录BetweenaRockand aHardPlace(生死两难)中详尽叙述了这段惊心动魄的 经历！而他的真实经历也被拍成电影127Hours。 Pre-reading 2a A=soccer B=mountainclimbing C=swimming Accidentsorproblemscansometimeshappenwhen wedosports.Writetheletterofeachsportnextto eachaccidentorproblemthatcanhappen. _falldown _haveproblemsbreathing _gethitbyaball _getsunburned _cutourselves _hurtourbackorarm A,BorC? AB BC A ABC AB ABC While-reading Task 1 skimming and matching Whatisthemainideaofeachparagraph? Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 1.AronRalstonsloveformountain climbing. 2.Whatdoeshisspiritbringto us? 3.AronRalstonlosthisarminadangerous situationin2003. 4.AronRalstonwroteabooktosharehis experience. Fastreading Task 2 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.1Aronspersonal information: Name:_ Nationality:_ Hobby:_ Aronisusedto_.Thereweremanytimeswhen Aronalmost_becauseof_. AronRalston American mountainclimbing takingrisks losthislifeaccidents Task 2 Scanning for detailsCareful readingPara.2Aronsaccident: When Where Whatsituation1:Hecouldnt_hisarm. decision1:He_therefor_daysandhopedsomeonewould_him. situation2:Hiswater_. decision2:Hewoulddosomethingto_hisownlife. How First,heusedhis_tocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,he_himselfwithhisleftarm.Afterthat,he_downthe mountaintofindhelp. onApril26,2003 inUtah free stayedfive find ranout save knife bandagedclimbed Task 3 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.3Aronsbook: 1.WhatdidArondoafterlosinghisarm? 2.Whatdoes“between a rock and a hard place”mean? 3.Inhisbook,whatdoesArontell? 4.DidAronkeeponclimbingmountains? HewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place. Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucantseemto getoutof. Hetellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions andbeingincontrolofoneslife. Yes,hedid. Task 4 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.4Aronsspirit: Aronisastrongmanwhocanmakeagooddecision. Iamastrongman, Imnotreadyto die!Make good decisions Be in control of ones life Have the spirit Never give up Be smart Be brave(勇敢的） WhatdowelearnfromAronRalston? Post-reading Itstimeforyoutomakeadecision! arock ahardplace Whatwouldyoudoifyouhad theaccidentlikethatinthe movie?Why? Takecontrolofyourlife,andkeeppositivetofaceyourlife. 掌握你的人生，积极面对生活。 2b Readthepassageandunderlinethewordsyoudont know.Thenlookupthewordsinadictionaryand writedowntheirmeanings. FindingtheOrderofEvents Writersdescribeeventsinacertain order.Findingtheorderoftheevents willhelpyouunderstandwhatyouare reading. HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbing AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedin mountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedto takingrisks.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoing dangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmost losthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefound himselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah. 对感兴趣 习惯于 冒险 情形 Onthatday,Aronsarmwascaughtundera360-kilorockthatfell onhimwhenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.Because hecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhoped thatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknew thathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnot readytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisright arm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewould notlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountain tofindhelp. 用完；耗尽 切断；砍断 血液 被困在 小刀 Afterlosinghisarm,hewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyou cannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsofthe importanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolof oneslife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathe keptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience. DowehavethesamespiritasAron?Letsthinkaboutit beforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”， andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeor death. 意思是 离开 做对的决定 坚持做 讲述 控制；掌控 精神 进退两难 2c Readthestatementsandcircle True, False or Dont Know. 1.Aronalmostlosthislifethreetimes becauseofclimbingaccidents. TrueFalseDontknow 2.AronhadaseriousaccidentinApril2003. TrueFalseDontknow 3.Aronranoutofwaterafterthreedays. TrueFalseDontknow 4.Aronwrotehisbookbeforehisserious accident. TrueFalseDontknow 5.Aronstillgoesmountainclimbing. TrueFalseDontknow 2d 1.WheredidtheaccidenthappenonApril26,2003? 2.WhycouldntAronmove? 3.HowdidAronfreehimself? 4.WhatdidArondoaftertheaccident? 5.Whatdoes“betweenarockandahardplace”mean? Readthepassageagainandanswerthequestions. 1.WheredidtheaccidenthappenonApril26,2003? 2.WhycouldntAronmove? 3.HowdidAronfreehimself? InUtah. Aronsarmwascaughtundera360-kilorockthatfellonhim whenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains. Heusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm. 4.WhatdidArondoaftertheaccident? 5.Whatdoes“betweenarockandahardplace”mean? Aftertheaccident,hewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place.Andhekeptonclimbingmountains. Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyou cannotseemtogetoutof. 2e Putthesentencesinthecorrectorder.Thenuse themtotellAronsstorytoyourpartner.Trytoadd otherdetailsfromthepassage. _OnApril26,2003,hehadaseriousmountainclimbing accident. _Aronlovesmountainclimbinganddoesntmindtaking risks. 1 2 _Arondidnotgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepson climbingmountainstoday. _Hewroteabookabouthisexperience. _Aronlosthalfhisrightarmfromthe2003accident. 3 4 5 AronRalston,anAmericanman,1._mountainclimbing. Althoughsometimesitisverydangerous,he2._takingrisks. Therewasonedaywhenhefoundhimself3._. Itwastoospecialtoforget.“Thatexperiencereallymadeabigdifference tomylife,”Aronsaid.Onthatday,hisarmwascaughtunderabigrock. Becauseitwashopelessforhimtofreehisarm,hestayedtherefor5days. Hebecameupset.Butwhenhiswater4._,hedidntgiveupand usedhisknifeto5._hisarmalthoughithurtbadly.Afterthis accident,hewroteabook.Ittalksaboutthatwhenyoucant6._a difficultsituation,trytomakeabetterdecisionand7._ yourlife. isinterestedin isusedto inaverydangeroussituation ranout cutoff getoutof beincontrolof Languagepoints 1. Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作为一个 登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 （1）beusedto意为“习惯于；适应于”，后常接动名 词、代词或现在分词。 be/getusedtodoing“习惯于做某事” beusedtodo“被用来做某事” usedtodo“过去常常做某事” e.g.Iamusedtoeatingricenow.我现在习惯吃米饭。 Theknifecanbeusedtocutmeat.刀能用来切肉。 Iusedtoridetowork.我过去骑车去工作。 （2）takerisks是动词词组，意为“冒险”，其同义词组是take arisk。在此短语中，risk作名词。 e.g.Wedonotexpectuntrainedpeopletotakerisks. 我们不主张未受过培训的人去冒险。 Ihavetotakeariskinmyjob. 做我这种工作要冒风险。 risk也可作动词，意为“冒风险；使面临风险”。 riskoneslifetodosth.冒着生命危险去做 e.g.Thesoldierriskedhislifetosavethelittlegirl. 2.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecause ofaccidents.有很多次阿伦因为事故几乎失去了他自己的生 命。 almost是副词，意为“几乎；差不多”。用来修饰不定代词、 动词、副词、形容词等。 e.g.Thegirlisalmosteightyearsold. 这女孩将近八岁了。 Heisalmosttwometrestall. 他差不多有两米高。 辨析：almost与nearly 易混词意义及用法例句 almost nearly almost意为“几乎；差不多”可用于 any以及no,none,nobody, nothing,never等否定词之前；有 时almost可表示十分相似(但又不 完全相同)。 Almostnoonecame totheparty. IalmostwishId stayedathome. nearly意为“几乎；差不多”，前可 用very,pretty,not等词修饰，not nearly意为“远非”,very（pretty） nearly意为“几乎”，都是习语。 Henearlyalways arriveslate. Itsnotnearlyso difficultasyouthink. 3.Butwhenhiswaterranoutof,heknewthathewouldhaveto dosomethingtosavehisownlife.但当他的水用光了的时候, 他知道他必须做点什么来挽救他自己的生命。 runout(of)意为“用尽；耗尽”。 e.g.Wehaverunoutofheadnotepaper. 我们已用完了有抬头的信纸。 Theyhaverunoutoftheirsupplies. 他们的供应品已耗尽了。 辨析：runout与runoutof runout主语通常为表示时间、食物、金钱等名词Mymoneyranout. runoutof表主动含义，主语一般为人，相当于useupIranoutofmymoney. 4.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm. 所以他用刀切除了右臂一半。 (1)knife是可数名词，意为“刀”，其复数形式是knives。 e.g.Thesoldierssharpeneduptheirknives. 战士们把刀磨得锋利。 (2)cutoff是动词短语，意为“切除”。 e.g.Pleasehelpmetocutofftherindsoflemons. 请帮我切除柠檬的皮。 cut的相关短语： cutaway切掉；减掉cutup切碎 cutdown砍刀；削减cutin插嘴 cutintohalves切成两半cutintopieces切成碎块 cutout剪去；删掉 5.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemto getoutof.它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境中”。 (1)此处mean表示“意思是；意味着”，用来解释上句出现 在书名中的习语的意思。如： Whatdoyoumean?你的意思是什么？ 常用短语： meantodosth.打算做 meanalottosb.对某人来说很重要 meanthat从句打算/意思是 mean可作形容词，意为“吝啬的；刻薄的”。 e.g.Dontbesomeantoyourbrother.不要对你的兄弟如此刻 薄。 meaningn.意思；意义themeaningof的意义 meaningfuladj.有意义的 meaninglessadj.无意义的 (2)adifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof和a decisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath均为定语从句。 在前者中，从句thatyoucannotseemtogetoutof修饰名 词situation; 在后者中，从句thatcouldmeanlifeordeath修饰名词 decision。 (3)getoutof意为“离开；从出来”。 e.g.Icouldntgetoutofgoingtothatwedding. 我不能逃避出席婚礼。 Shebackedhercaroutofthegarage. 她从车库倒车出来。 6.Arondidntgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepsonclimbing mountainstoday. 阿伦在这起事故后并没有放弃，现在仍然坚持登山。 (1)giveup表示“放弃”，可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 e.g.Hegaveupsmokingatlast.他最终戒烟了。 give相关短语： givein屈服；投降giveout分发 giveaway泄露；赠送givesb.ahand帮某人一把 giveoff发出（光、热、气味等）giveback归还 (2)keepondoing表示“坚持做”。 e.g.Hekeptonwritingtheseyears.他这些年坚持创作。 keep相关短语及句型： keepdoingsth.一直做 keepfromdoingsth.忍不住做 keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做 keepupwith跟上 Exercises 单项选择 1.Myparents_gettingupearlyonweekdays. A.usedtoB.beusedto C.wasusedtoD.areusedto 2.Weretalkingabout“ChinaDream”thesedays.Its_ exciting_alloftheChinesepeopleareinterestedinit. A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.too;so D B 3.Imadethecakeby_.Help_,Tom. A.ourselves;yourselfB.myself;yourself C.myself;youD.me;him 4.Whotaught_historylastyear? Nobody!Helearnedit_. A.him;himselfB.his;himself C.himself;himselfD.his;him B A 根据语境及提示，补全所缺单词。 1. Hesverys.Heneedsmedication. 2.YoudecidedtogotoQingdaoonvacation? Yeah!Wemadethedyesterday. 3.Jimmyisfacingaverydifficults.Whocangivehim someadvice? 4.Thisyoungmanisindangerofd.Doctor,pleasetry yourbesttosavehim. 5.MoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglishnow. Yeah,itsbecausetheysawtheiofEnglish. ick ecision ituation eath mportance Homework 1.Readandrecitethenewwordsandphrases. 2.Dotheexercisesinstudentsbook.
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Section B (2a-2e) Unit1Whatsthematter? 学习目标 Keywords sunburned; ourselves; climber; be used to; risk; take risks/take a risk; accident; situation; run out of; cut off; blood; mean; get out of; importance; decision; be in control of; spirit; death; give up. Keysentences: 1. Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions and of being control of ones life. 2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 3. He found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah. Do you know these sports below? Do you think they may be dangerous? What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports? What should we do in the face of these accidents or problems? What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports? falldown getsunburned drown(溺水) breaklegsor arms Have you ever met these situations(情形)? Have you ever met these situations(情形)? haveproblemsinbreathing cutourselves gethitbyaball hurtourbackorarm What should we do when we are in these situations? We should. keep calm(冷静). go to the doctor right now. lie down and rest. take some medicine. put some medicine on the cut. call 120 . Doyoulikeclimbingmountains? Didanyaccidentshappenduringyourclimbing? Whatdidyoudotoovercome(克服)them? Today we will come into the world of AronRalston. DoyouknowAronRalston? Doyouknowthestoryofhim? Heisamountaineeringenthusiast(登山爱好者). AronRalston毕业于卡内基梅隆大学机械工程 系，2002年从英特尔辞职后立志在冬季登遍科罗拉 多州的高山，成功攀登了58座高峰。 AronRalston在2003年5月峡谷探险时遇到意外，右臂被 夹在石缝中无法动弹，他只好借由身体的力量靠在峡谷岩壁 上，这样支撑了5天之后，他突然想出了一个匪夷所思的办法 ，用小刀割断自己的手臂，并且成功的救了自己。断肢六小 时后由直升机救走，抢救医生说：再晚一个小时获救的话 AronRalston就会因失血过多而不治。 2004年AronRalston出版的回忆录BetweenaRockand aHardPlace(生死两难)中详尽叙述了这段惊心动魄的 经历！而他的真实经历也被拍成电影127Hours。 Pre-reading 2a A=soccer B=mountainclimbing C=swimming Accidentsorproblemscansometimeshappenwhen wedosports.Writetheletterofeachsportnextto eachaccidentorproblemthatcanhappen. _______falldown _______haveproblemsbreathing _______gethitbyaball _______getsunburned _______cutourselves _______hurtourbackorarm A,BorC? AB BC A ABC AB ABC While-reading Task 1 skimming and matching Whatisthemainideaofeachparagraph? Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 1.AronRalstonsloveformountain climbing. 2.Whatdoeshisspiritbringto us? 3.AronRalstonlosthisarminadangerous situationin2003. 4.AronRalstonwroteabooktosharehis experience. Fastreading Task 2 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.1Aronspersonal information: Name:___________________ Nationality:_______________ Hobby:___________________ Aronisusedto__________.Thereweremanytimeswhen Aronalmost_____________becauseof__________. AronRalston American mountainclimbing takingrisks losthislifeaccidents Task 2 Scanning for detailsCareful readingPara.2Aronsaccident: When Where Whatsituation1:Hecouldnt______hisarm. decision1:He______therefor____daysandhopedsomeonewould______him. situation2:Hiswater________________. decision2:Hewoulddosomethingto_______hisownlife. How First,heusedhis_______tocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,he________himselfwithhisleftarm.Afterthat,he_______downthe mountaintofindhelp. onApril26,2003 inUtah free stayedfive find ranout save knife bandagedclimbed Task 3 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.3Aronsbook: 1.WhatdidArondoafterlosinghisarm? 2.Whatdoes“between a rock and a hard place”mean? 3.Inhisbook,whatdoesArontell? 4.DidAronkeeponclimbingmountains? HewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place. Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucantseemto getoutof. Hetellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions andbeingincontrolofoneslife. Yes,hedid. Task 4 Scanning for details Carefulreading Para.4Aronsspirit: Aronisastrongmanwhocanmakeagooddecision. Iamastrongman, Imnotreadyto die!Make good decisions Be in control of ones life Have the spirit Never give up Be smart Be brave(勇敢的） WhatdowelearnfromAronRalston? Post-reading Itstimeforyoutomakeadecision! arock ahardplace Whatwouldyoudoifyouhad theaccidentlikethatinthe movie?Why? Takecontrolofyourlife,andkeeppositivetofaceyourlife. 掌握你的人生，积极面对生活。 2b Readthepassageandunderlinethewordsyoudont know.Thenlookupthewordsinadictionaryand writedowntheirmeanings. FindingtheOrderofEvents Writersdescribeeventsinacertain order.Findingtheorderoftheevents willhelpyouunderstandwhatyouare reading. HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbing AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedin mountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedto takingrisks.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoing dangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmost losthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefound himselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah. 对感兴趣 习惯于 冒险 情形 Onthatday,Aronsarmwascaughtundera360-kilorockthatfell onhimwhenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.Because hecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhoped thatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknew thathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnot readytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisright arm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewould notlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountain tofindhelp. 用完；耗尽 切断；砍断 血液 被困在 小刀 Afterlosinghisarm,hewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyou cannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsofthe importanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolof oneslife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathe keptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience. DowehavethesamespiritasAron?Letsthinkaboutit beforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”， andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeor death. 意思是 离开 做对的决定 坚持做 讲述 控制；掌控 精神 进退两难 2c Readthestatementsandcircle True, False or Dont Know. 1.Aronalmostlosthislifethreetimes becauseofclimbingaccidents. TrueFalseDontknow 2.AronhadaseriousaccidentinApril2003. TrueFalseDontknow 3.Aronranoutofwaterafterthreedays. TrueFalseDontknow 4.Aronwrotehisbookbeforehisserious accident. TrueFalseDontknow 5.Aronstillgoesmountainclimbing. TrueFalseDontknow 2d 1.WheredidtheaccidenthappenonApril26,2003? 2.WhycouldntAronmove? 3.HowdidAronfreehimself? 4.WhatdidArondoaftertheaccident? 5.Whatdoes“betweenarockandahardplace”mean? Readthepassageagainandanswerthequestions. 1.WheredidtheaccidenthappenonApril26,2003? 2.WhycouldntAronmove? 3.HowdidAronfreehimself? InUtah. Aronsarmwascaughtundera360-kilorockthatfellonhim whenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains. Heusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm. 4.WhatdidArondoaftertheaccident? 5.Whatdoes“betweenarockandahardplace”mean? Aftertheaccident,hewroteabookcalledBetween a Rock and a Hard Place.Andhekeptonclimbingmountains. Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyou cannotseemtogetoutof. 2e Putthesentencesinthecorrectorder.Thenuse themtotellAronsstorytoyourpartner.Trytoadd otherdetailsfromthepassage. ____OnApril26,2003,hehadaseriousmountainclimbing accident. ____Aronlovesmountainclimbinganddoesntmindtaking risks. 1 2 ____Arondidnotgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepson climbingmountainstoday. ____Hewroteabookabouthisexperience. ____Aronlosthalfhisrightarmfromthe2003accident. 3 4 5 AronRalston,anAmericanman,1.______________mountainclimbing. Althoughsometimesitisverydangerous,he2._________takingrisks. Therewasonedaywhenhefoundhimself3._________________________. Itwastoospecialtoforget.“Thatexperiencereallymadeabigdifference tomylife,”Aronsaid.Onthatday,hisarmwascaughtunderabigrock. Becauseitwashopelessforhimtofreehisarm,hestayedtherefor5days. Hebecameupset.Butwhenhiswater4._________,hedidntgiveupand usedhisknifeto5.________hisarmalthoughithurtbadly.Afterthis accident,hewroteabook.Ittalksaboutthatwhenyoucant6._________a difficultsituation,trytomakeabetterdecisionand7.______________ yourlife. isinterestedin isusedto inaverydangeroussituation ranout cutoff getoutof beincontrolof Languagepoints 1. Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作为一个 登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 （1）beusedto意为“习惯于；适应于”，后常接动名 词、代词或现在分词。 be/getusedtodoing“习惯于做某事” beusedtodo“被用来做某事” usedtodo“过去常常做某事” e.g.Iamusedtoeatingricenow.我现在习惯吃米饭。 Theknifecanbeusedtocutmeat.刀能用来切肉。 Iusedtoridetowork.我过去骑车去工作。 （2）takerisks是动词词组，意为“冒险”，其同义词组是take arisk。在此短语中，risk作名词。 e.g.Wedonotexpectuntrainedpeopletotakerisks. 我们不主张未受过培训的人去冒险。 Ihavetotakeariskinmyjob. 做我这种工作要冒风险。 risk也可作动词，意为“冒风险；使面临风险”。 riskoneslifetodosth.冒着生命危险去做 e.g.Thesoldierriskedhislifetosavethelittlegirl. 2.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecause ofaccidents.有很多次阿伦因为事故几乎失去了他自己的生 命。 almost是副词，意为“几乎；差不多”。用来修饰不定代词、 动词、副词、形容词等。 e.g.Thegirlisalmosteightyearsold. 这女孩将近八岁了。 Heisalmosttwometrestall. 他差不多有两米高。 辨析：almost与nearly 易混词意义及用法例句 almost nearly almost意为“几乎；差不多”可用于 any以及no,none,nobody, nothing,never等否定词之前；有 时almost可表示十分相似(但又不 完全相同)。 Almostnoonecame totheparty. IalmostwishId stayedathome. nearly意为“几乎；差不多”，前可 用very,pretty,not等词修饰，not nearly意为“远非”,very（pretty） nearly意为“几乎”，都是习语。 Henearlyalways arriveslate. Itsnotnearlyso difficultasyouthink. 3.Butwhenhiswaterranoutof,heknewthathewouldhaveto dosomethingtosavehisownlife.但当他的水用光了的时候, 他知道他必须做点什么来挽救他自己的生命。 runout(of)意为“用尽；耗尽”。 e.g.Wehaverunoutofheadnotepaper. 我们已用完了有抬头的信纸。 Theyhaverunoutoftheirsupplies. 他们的供应品已耗尽了。 辨析：runout与runoutof runout主语通常为表示时间、食物、金钱等名词Mymoneyranout. runoutof表主动含义，主语一般为人，相当于useupIranoutofmymoney. 4.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm. 所以他用刀切除了右臂一半。 (1)knife是可数名词，意为“刀”，其复数形式是knives。 e.g.Thesoldierssharpeneduptheirknives. 战士们把刀磨得锋利。 (2)cutoff是动词短语，意为“切除”。 e.g.Pleasehelpmetocutofftherindsoflemons. 请帮我切除柠檬的皮。 cut的相关短语： cutaway切掉；减掉cutup切碎 cutdown砍刀；削减cutin插嘴 cutintohalves切成两半cutintopieces切成碎块 cutout剪去；删掉 5.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemto getoutof.它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境中”。 (1)此处mean表示“意思是；意味着”，用来解释上句出现 在书名中的习语的意思。如： Whatdoyoumean?你的意思是什么？ 常用短语： meantodosth.打算做 meanalottosb.对某人来说很重要 meanthat从句打算/意思是 mean可作形容词，意为“吝啬的；刻薄的”。 e.g.Dontbesomeantoyourbrother.不要对你的兄弟如此刻 薄。 meaningn.意思；意义themeaningof的意义 meaningfuladj.有意义的 meaninglessadj.无意义的 (2)adifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof和a decisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath均为定语从句。 在前者中，从句thatyoucannotseemtogetoutof修饰名 词situation; 在后者中，从句thatcouldmeanlifeordeath修饰名词 decision。 (3)getoutof意为“离开；从出来”。 e.g.Icouldntgetoutofgoingtothatwedding. 我不能逃避出席婚礼。 Shebackedhercaroutofthegarage. 她从车库倒车出来。 6.Arondidntgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepsonclimbing mountainstoday. 阿伦在这起事故后并没有放弃，现在仍然坚持登山。 (1)giveup表示“放弃”，可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 e.g.Hegaveupsmokingatlast.他最终戒烟了。 give相关短语： givein屈服；投降giveout分发 giveaway泄露；赠送givesb.ahand帮某人一把 giveoff发出（光、热、气味等）giveback归还 (2)keepondoing表示“坚持做”。 e.g.Hekeptonwritingtheseyears.他这些年坚持创作。 keep相关短语及句型： keepdoingsth.一直做 keepfromdoingsth.忍不住做 keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做 keepupwith跟上 Exercises 单项选择 1.Myparents____gettingupearlyonweekdays. A.usedtoB.beusedto C.wasusedtoD.areusedto 2.Weretalkingabout“ChinaDream”thesedays.Its___ exciting____alloftheChinesepeopleareinterestedinit. A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.too;so D B 3.Imadethecakeby___.Help___,Tom. A.ourselves;yourselfB.myself;yourself C.myself;youD.me;him 4.Whotaught___historylastyear? Nobody!Helearnedit___. A.him;himselfB.his;himself C.himself;himselfD.his;him B A 根据语境及提示，补全所缺单词。 1. Hesverys.Heneedsmedication. 2.YoudecidedtogotoQingdaoonvacation? Yeah!Wemadethedyesterday. 3.Jimmyisfacingaverydifficults.Whocangivehim someadvice? 4.Thisyoungmanisindangerofd.Doctor,pleasetry yourbesttosavehim. 5.MoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglishnow. Yeah,itsbecausetheysawtheiofEnglish. ick ecision ituation eath mportance Homework 1.Readandrecitethenewwordsandphrases. 2.Dotheexercisesinstudentsbook.
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