2021届新高考英语：语言知识运用练习（共4份） （含解析）.doc

1、1 - 语言知识运用练 语言知识运用练语言知识运用练(一一) (限时 25 分钟) (单独成册)第 166 页 .完形填空 During his freshman year at Columbia University， Sanford Greenberg stood on campus with his classmate Arthur Garfunkel.“Sanford，look at the_1_You see the colors？The shapes？” Arthur asked.Sanford was_2_， because other guys talked about tri

2、ps and sports， but Arthur wanted to talk about grass. Was there a_3_guy on campus than Sanford？Here he was，a poor kid from Buffalo，New York on a full scholarship，taking classes from masters such as physicist Leon Lederman and poet Mark Van Doren. But in 1960，Sanfords fortunes_4_He was playing baseba

3、ll when suddenly he couldnt _5_very clearly.He had to_6_on the grass until his eyesight returned.At first he didnt believe it was anything_7_. But when Sanford went back to Buffalo，_8_there told him he had a very serious eye disease.They operated on his eyes， but he was still going_9_ He was so sad

4、that he_10_to meet anyone from college. However，Arthur_11_Sanford to go back to study at Columbia.In September 1961，Sanford returned to campus.But he was_12_about getting around alone and depended on Arthur to help him. Then，one afternoon，Sanford and Arthur went to Manhattan.When it was time to go b

5、ack to the_13_，Arthur said he had an important meeting and couldnt go with Sanford.They_14_for the first time， and Arthur walked off， leaving Sanford alone.It took Sanford a long time to get back to school.But as he arrived at the university gate，someone almost_15_him. “Sorry，sir.” Sanford knew the_

6、16_It was Arthurs.Sanford was angry at first，but then he_17_what Arthur had done. “It was one of the most_18_ideas，” Sanford said.Arthur，of course，had been_19_me the whole way. After graduation with greater_20_than others，Sanford got his MBA from Columbia and a Ph.D.from Harvard and went on to becom

7、e a successful inventor and businessman. 语篇解读 桑福德在上大学期间突然患上了严重的眼疾，之后他拒绝见大学的任何人； 后来在朋友亚瑟的鼓励下，他重新回到校园学习。但回校后，他不敢独自一人出行，而是依 赖亚瑟的帮助。有一次，亚瑟想出了一个主意，让桑福德独自走回学校。结果证明亚瑟的主 意很有用。后来桑福德成了一名成功的发明家和商人。 1A.clouds Bgrass Ctrees Dbaseball 解析：根据下文中的“Arthur wanted to talk about grass”可知，亚瑟想要谈论的是草；据此 可知，他让桑福德看草。 答案：B 2A

8、.excited Bdisappointed Csurprised Dworried 解析：空后表述其他人都在谈论旅行和运动，而亚瑟却想谈论草，据此可推知，这让桑 福德觉得很奇怪。surprised“觉得奇怪的”。 答案：C 3A.luckier Bfriendlier Csmarter Dkinder 解析：根据空后一句可知，桑福德是一个来自纽约州布法罗的穷孩子，但拿着全额奖学 金，上着大师们的课。据此可知，此处表示“还有比桑福德更幸运的人吗”。 - 2 - 答案：A 4A.improved Bremained Carrived Dchanged 解析：根据上文表述的桑福德很幸运和下文表述的

9、桑福德患上了严重的眼疾可推知，此 处表示桑福德的命运发生了改变。 答案：D 5A.hear Bsmell Csee Dspeak 解析：根据下文中的“until his eyesight returned”可知，在打棒球时，桑福德突然看不清东 西了，他只好躺在草地上，直到视力恢复。 答案：C 6A.lie down Bjump up Cwalk away Drun along 解析：参见上题解析。A 项意为“躺下”，故 A 项正确。 答案：A 7A.difficult Bserious Cnew Dusual 解析： 根据下文中的but， a very serious eye disease并

10、结合该句中的“At first he didnt believe” 可知，开始他认为这不是什么严重的问题。 答案：B 8A.teachers Bfriends Crelatives Ddoctors 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，当桑福德回到布法罗的时候，那里的医生告诉他，他 得了一种非常严重的眼疾。 答案：D 9A.blind Bdeaf Cwrong Dcrazy 解析：根据语境和空后一句表述的他如此难过以至于他拒绝(refused)见大学的人可知，尽 管他的眼睛进行了手术，但是他还是会失明(blind)。 答案：A 10A.planned Bforgot Crefused Dwished

11、 解析：参见上题解析。 答案：C 11A.reminded Bpersuaded Cforced Dallowed 解析： 根据下文中的“Sanford returned to campus”可知， 亚瑟说服桑福德重新回到哥伦比亚 大学学习。persuade sb.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“说服某人做某事”，故 B 项正确。 答案：B 12A.certain Bangry Cnervous Dcalm 解析：根据该句中的“depended on Arthur to help him”可知，桑福德虽然重返校园，但由于 严重的眼疾，他不敢自己一个人出去，所以他得依赖亚瑟的帮助。C 项意

12、为“惶恐的”，故 C 项正确。 答案：C 13A.campus Bhospital Cstation Dcompany 解析：根据语境和下文中的“he arrived at the university gate”可知，一天下午，桑福德和亚 瑟去了曼哈顿，当该回校园时，亚瑟却说他有一个重要的会议要参加，不能和桑福德一起回 去了。 答案：A - 3 - 14A.agreed Bestimated Cdiscussed Dargued 解析：根据该句中的“Arthur walked off，leaving Sanford alone”可知，他们第一次发生争 吵，亚瑟愤然离去，留桑福德独自一人。 答

13、案：D 15A.shouted at Bknocked down Clooked for Dlaughed at 解析：根据下文中的“Sorry，sir.”可推知，在桑福德到校门口时，有人差点把他撞倒。 B 项意为“撞倒”，故 B 项正确。 答案：B 16A.look Bfigure Cvoice Dgesture 解析：根据上文中的“Sorry，sir.”可知，有人对他说“对不起，先生”；据此可推知， 桑福德知道那是亚瑟的声音。 答案：C 17A.doubted Brealized Cbelieved Dwondered 解析：根据语境可知，桑福德一开始感到恼怒，但是他随后理解了亚瑟所做的一

14、切。 答案：B 18A.annoying Bawful Cuseless Dbrilliant 解析：根据语境和上文中的“Sanford was angry at first，but then he_17_what Arthur had done.”可知，桑福德说亚瑟让他独自回学校是一个绝妙的(brilliant)主意。 答案：D 19A.misleading Bshowing Cguiding Dfollowing 解析：根据语境可知，亚瑟一路跟着桑福德。D 项意为“跟着”，故 D 项正确。A 项意 为“误导”，C 项意为“指引，指导”，都与语境不符。 答案：D 20A.efforts Bl

15、oss Cburden Dfailure 解析：根据语境并结合上文描述的桑福德患了严重的眼疾可知，付出了比别人更多的努 力之后，桑福德获得了哥伦比亚大学的工商管理学硕士学位、哈佛大学的博士学位，而且成 了一位成功的发明家和商人。 答案：A .语法填空 (2020 中原名校第四 次质量评估) Digital receipts offer a few improvements over 1._(tradition)paper receipts.One is health- related.Lots of receipt paper contains bisphenolA，or BPA.This c

16、hemical can completely influence or outright change some bodily processes，like hair growth，hormone function and cell repair.2._(reduce)receipt paper reduces the risk for BPA exposure for not only consumers but also for employees who handle the paper 3._ a more routine basis. Another reason why digit

17、al receipts are better just boils down to 4._ (convenient).You can access those receipts through your email and file 5._(they) away in a separate folder or with a specific label for easy sorting.Or，if you need more help on the organization front ， try a receipt tracking app.Physical receipts require

18、 you physically 6._(keep)track of them，and that means a shoe box or an accordion folder or a big thumb tack on a cork board in the kitchen.There have been times when Ive let something go unreturned 7._I didnt have the receipt.Im betting Im not alone on that. Some businesses，particularly local ones，u

19、se newer point of sale systems like Square that will 8._(automatic)send you a digital receipt if youve already received one from another business that uses Square.When you pay with the same credit you did at the first seller，and youve - 4 - already provided 9._ email address to the Square system，you

20、 10._(get)a receipt in your email minutes later. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文， 介绍了与使用传统纸质票据相比， 使用电子票据的益处。 1解析：考查词性转换。此处作定语修饰名词 receipts 应用形容词。 答案：traditional 2解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句缺少主语，此处是动名词作主语。 答案：Reducing 3解析：考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配 on a.basis“在的基础上”。 答案：on 4解析：考查词性转换。此处名词作介词 to 的宾语。 答案：convenience 5解析：考查代词。此处指代前面名词复数

21、those receipts，在句子中作宾语应用人称代 词宾格形式 them。 答案：them 6解析：考查非谓语动词。短语 require sb.to do sth.“请求某人做某事”，动词不定式作 require 的宾语补足语。 答案：to keep 7解析：考查连词。本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用 because。 答案：because 8解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词 send 应用其副词形式。 答案：automatically 9解析：考查冠词。address 是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，又因为 address 的发音是以元音音素开头的，故填 an。 答案：an 10

22、解析：考查动词时态。此处为主句谓语动词，根据 when 引导的时间状语从句的时态 可知，此处主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故填一般将来时。 答案：will get 语言知识运用练语言知识运用练(二二) (限时 25 分钟) (单独成册)第 167 页 .完形填空 (2020 河北九校联考二)An English man is being praised for his act of kindness.He _1_ an expensive bike for 80 only so he could return it to its_2_owner. 26- year- old Bur

23、ke was about to leave the_3_after finishing his routine physical exercises when he was_4_by three men asking if he wanted to buy a bike.Burke was immediately_5_of its origin since they were trying to sell the 1，350 bike for 80.Apart from that，he_6_there was a bike lock still_7_to the rear wheel(后轮)

24、After Burke got the bike，he_8_a photo of it on social media in the hope of _9_its owner.With a bike lock on it，it had _10_been taken from the nearby area.Within hours，Burke was_11_by the bikes owner on the phone.It had belonged to a man whose house had been burgled(遭入室行窃)_12_that very same week.The

25、mans _13_for its return was beyond words.He tried to _14_the money to Burke， but Burke refused， telling _15_that he “didnt feel right taking money from a man who has just had his house_16_” Burke has since been reported by social media for his “heroic” deed，although he_17_that he did not return the

26、bike for media attention._18_，Burke was delighted to receive the online_19_to his honesty，and a local bicycle club has even offered Burke a free bike as a_20_for his honesty. 语篇解读 文章讲述了 26 岁的英国人 Burke 买下一辆被盗自行车，最终成功地将其物 归原主的故事。 1A.rented Bpurchased Csold Dborrowed - 5 - 解析：设空处与 8 空前的 got 在语义范畴上一致，表示

27、“购买”。rent“出租，租用”； sell“出售”；borrow“借”。 答案：B 2A.careless Bdesperate Cgenerous Doriginal 解析： 根据第三段首句“After Burke got the bike， he_8_a photo of it on social media in the hope of _9_its owner.”可知，Burke 买下自行车后，在社交媒体上发布了自行车的照片，希 望能够联系上物主，据此可知答案为 original“原来的，最初的”。careless“粗心的”； desperate“绝望的，拼命的”；generous“

28、慷慨的；仁慈的；丰富的” 。 答案：D 3A.gym Boffice Cfactory Dstation 解析：根据设空后信息 after finishing his routine physical exercises 可知，Burke 应是在健身 房(gym)锻炼身体。 答案：A 4A.persuaded Brequired Capproached Dbegged 解析：Burke 在健身房结束健身活动准备离开时，三个人问他是否想买自行车。待填词与 空后的 asking 为同一范畴， approach 在句中表示“建议， 要求”。 persuade“说服”； require“需 要，依赖”

29、；beg“恳求，祈求，乞讨”。 答案：C 5A.aware Bskeptical Cconfident Dnervous 解析：根据设空后的“since they were trying to sell the 1，350 bike for 80”可知，售 价 1 350 英镑的自行车只需 80 英镑就可买到， Burke 对此感到怀疑(skeptical)。 aware“意识到， 察觉到”；confident“有信心的，确信的”；nervous“焦虑的，胆怯的”。 答案：B 6A.ignored Bunderstood Cpredicted Dnoticed 解析： 除对价格差距感到怀疑外，

30、 他还注意到(noticed)自行车后轮上还上着锁。 ignore“忽 视，不予理睬”；understand“理解，明了，谅解；默许”；predict“预言，预告，预报”。 答案：D 7A.attached Bexposed Ccompared Dadjusted 解析： 参见上题解析。 attach“把附在上”； expose“暴露； 揭穿”； compare“比 较，对比” ；adjust“调整，适应，整理”。 答案：A 8A.took Bobtained Cposted Dsought 解析：根据下文的“a photo of it on social media in the hope

31、of”“by the bikes owner on the phone”可推知，Burke 买下自行车后，在社交媒体上发布(posted)了自行车的照片，自行车的主 人才因此联系上了 Burke。 take“携带； 拿开”； obtain“获得； 沿袭”； post“发布”； seek“寻 找，谋求；设法”。 答案：C 9A.consulting Btracking Cprotecting Deducating 解析：Burke 买下自行车后在社交媒体上发布照片，希望能追踪(tracking)到物主。 consult“咨询，查询”；protect“保护”；educate“教育，训练”。 答案：

32、B 10A.especially Bhonestly Cluckily Dapparently - 6 - 解析： 因为后轮上还上着锁， 显然(apparently)自行车来自附近。 honestly“诚实地， 确实”； luckily“幸运地”。 答案：D 11A.reached Bvisited Cpraised Dreminded 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示几小时内，自行车的主人就通过电话联系了 Burke。 reach“(尤指用电话)联系”；visit“参观”；praise“表扬”；remind“提醒，使想起”。 答案：A 12A.frequently Beventually Cea

33、rlier Dlater 解析：自行车主人的房子在同一周早些时候(earlier)被盗了。frequently“频繁地，经常”； eventually“最终” ；later“后来”。 答案：C 13A.preference Bthankfulness Clove Denthusiasm 解析： 对于素不相识的 Burke 买下自行车并设法归还给自己的善举， 自行车主人的感激之 情(thankfulness)自然是难以言表，当他试图偿还(pay back)Burke 购车的费用时，Burke 拒绝了。 答案：B 14A.put in Bget out Cset aside Dpay back 解

34、析：参见上题解析。put in“安装；添上；打断；正式提出(要求等)”；get out“出版； 困难地说出”；set aside“省出；把搁到一旁”。 答案：D 15A.reporters Bowners Caudiences Dbike- lovers 解析：根据第四段首句“Burke has since been reported by social media for his heroic deed”可知，社交媒体对 Burke 的善举进行了报道，因此可知设空处为 reporters。owner“主 人”；audience“观众，听众，读者”；bike- lover“自行车爱好者”。 答

35、案：A 16A.torn apart Bbrought down Cbroken into Dpulled down 解析：本空填入的词与 12 空前的 burgled 意义一致，故为 broken into(强行闯入)。tear apart“撕毁，把(某处)翻得凌乱不堪”；bring down“减少，降低”；pull down“拆毁”。 答案：C 17A.promised Bstressed Cdenied Daccepted 解析：尽管社交媒体自那以后报道了他的“英雄”事迹，但 Burke 强调(stressed)自己将自 行车物归原主并不是为了吸引媒体的关注。 deny“否认， 否定；

36、拒绝； 节制”； accept“接受”。 答案：B 18A.Therefore BOtherwise CMeanwhile DHowever 解析：此处表示转折，故选 However。therefore“因此，所以”；otherwise“否则，除此 以外”；meanwhile“与此同时，对比之下”。 答案：D 19A.welcome Bdisplay Cassessment Ddiscussion 解析：设空处填入的词应与文章首句“An English man is being praised for his act of kindness.”中的 praised 在语意上一致，即受到表扬、受

37、到欢迎(welcome)。display“展览，表演， 显示”；assessment“评估，看法，核定”；discussion“讨论”。 答案：A 20A.gift Bsurprise - 7 - Creward Dmeasure 解析：当地一家自行车俱乐部甚至免费送给他一辆自行车作为他诚实的奖励(reward)。 gift“礼物；天赋”；surprise“惊奇，意想不到的事”；measure“措施；度量单位；程度”。 答案：C .语法填空 (2020 邯郸二模)During Major Cold(大寒)，as the cold current moves southward，the weat

38、her is very cold.Although modern meteorological(气象的)observation shows that in some regions of China the weather during Major Cold is not colder than Minor Cold ， the 1._(low)temperatures of the whole year still occur in the Major Cold period in some coastal 2._(area) During Major Cold，people in Beij

39、ing have a habit of 3._(eat)“dispelling cold cake”， a kind of rice cake.Sticky rice， the cakes main ingredient， is rich 4._sugar.It can make people feel warm all over their bodies.In Chinese the word “rice cake” has the same 5._(pronounce)with the word “higher in a new year”， 6._symbolizes good luck

40、 and continual promotion. In Anqing of Anhui Province，people 7._(traditional)eat fried spring rolls during Major Cold.They use a round，8._(cook)and thin pancake to wrap stuffing(馅)in a thin roll.Then it is fried in a pan with oil until it turns yellow and 9._(float)to the top.The stuffing inside the

41、 spring roll contains meat or vegetables and the flavor can be salty 10._sweet. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍了中国传统节气大寒。 1解析：考查形容词最高级。根据空格前的定冠词以及语境可知，此处需要用形容词的 最高级形式。 答案：lowest 2解析：考查名词的单复数。根据前面的 some 可知此处指“一些地方”，area 为可数 名词，这里用它的复数形式。 答案：areas 3解析：考查非谓语动词。介词 of 后面要加名词或动名词形式。 答案：eating 4解析：考查介词。be rich in.“富含”为

42、固定搭配。 答案：in 5解析：考查词性转换。此处作 has 的宾语，且在形容词 the same 之后，所以要用名词 形式。 答案：pronunciation 6解析：考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指 代“higher in a new year”，并且在从句中作主语，故填 which，that 不能引导非限制性定语从 句。 答案：which 7解析：考查词性转换。此处要用副词作状语，修饰动词 eat。 答案：traditionally 8解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作前置定语，表示“被烹饪熟的薄饼”。 答案：cooked 9解析：考查动词时态。此

43、处空格与前面动词 turns 为并列谓语，主语为 it。 答案：floats 10解析：考查连词。这里指春卷的不同味道，或咸或甜，salty 和 sweet 为选择关系。 答案：or 语言知识运用练语言知识运用练(三三) (限时 25 分钟) (单独成册)第 168 页 .完形填空 (2020 山西省六校高三阶段检测二)Our families lived more than 450 miles away.So a few - 8 - weeks before New Years Day one year，my husband and I decided to _1_someone for t

44、he holiday.I called a senior center and they _2_Ilse， a 78- year- old lady， a woman I guessed would be _3_and soft- spoken. That day， Ilse came to our house， talkative and loud- spoken.My_4_was wrong.By the end of the evening，we felt as if this _5_woman were an old friend.We had kept a _6_relationsh

45、ip for years since then.One evening，she phoned me and I _7_it.The following day，I returned her call but couldnt _8_what she was saying.I drove her to the_9_room，where the doctor confirmed a serious stroke(中风)_10_her.At the end of the week，I _11_an early- morning call from her caregiver，“Shes passed

46、away.” The morning after Ilses _12_， I opened my drawer and read through her _13_shed insisted I take a year earlier.I stopped when seeing my name.She left me $50， 000！ But I couldnt_14_what she had left me on myself.Ilse was a friend Id helped out of sincerity and_15_，not with the expectation of be

47、ing_16_ I opened an investment account in_17_of her.Over the next 20 years， Ilses gift grew，_18_giving me opportunities to donate money in her name to a cause she_19_deeply: children.Meeting Ilse made my life_20_absolutely. 语篇解读 文章讲述了作者在新年招待一位陌生老人，并与老人建立友谊，随后把老人 给她的馈赠惠及他人的故事。 1A.visit Binvite Cspons

48、or Dtend 解析：根据第一句家人离得远和下文作者给老年中心打电话以及老人到他们家可知，他 们决定邀请一个人来家过节。 visit“拜访”； invite“邀请”； sponsor“赞助”； tend“照料”。 答案：B 2A.employed Brecognized Cconvinced Dsuggested 解析：老年中心的人向作者推荐(suggested)了 Ilse。employ“雇用”；recognize“认出； 承认”；convince“说服”。 答案：D 3A.quiet Bbrilliant Clovely Ddynamic 解析： 根据下文中的“talkative and loud- spoken.My_4_was wrong”可知， 作者未见到 Ilse 之前，猜测她是一位安静、说话轻柔的老太太，但是 Ilse 到了之后，作者发现她很健谈，嗓门 也很大，作者原本的设想是错误的。quiet 与 talkative，soft- spoken 与 loud- spoken 形成对比。 答案：A 4A.intention Bworry Cassumption Dattitude 解析：参见上题解析。intention“目的，意图”；worry“担忧”；assumption“设想，假