（新教材）2022版北师大版英语选择性必修第一册同步练习：UNIT 3(含答案).doc

1、UNIT 3 CONSERVATION 第一部分 阅读(50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题，每题 25 分，375 分) A Given Europes high concentration of gorgeous big cities and world- class art museums, it is easy to completely overlook the continents abundance of small, quiet villages and towns. However, if you are after relaxation, peaceful country w

2、alks, beautiful architecture and opportunities for cultural appreciation on your next trip across the pond, consider cutting down some of your city time and head out to a village instead. Here are four of the most charming villages in Europe, along with our top picks for places to stay in each. Eze

3、in Cota DAzur, France Set on a hilltop overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, the Provencal township of Eze is easily one of the most picturesque spots in the region. It is largely a tourist destination, and many of its buildings dates back to the Middle Age. In fact, Eze is particularly popular with co

4、uples seeking romantic solitude. Hotel pick: Chateau de la Chevre Baden- Baden in Wurttemberg, Germany Germanys best- known spa town, Baden- Baden, in the Black Forest of Baden- Wurttemberg, has been a popular spot for soaking in mineral- rich waters off and on since the Roman era. And while spa tre

5、atments and hot springs are still among the most popular draws for tourists, there are also plenty of museums, gardens, performing arts venues and charming old buildings and churches. Hotel pick: Hotel Belle Epoque Montepulciano in Tuscany, Italy Spread over a hilltop nearly 2,000 metres above sea l

6、evel, the Tuscan village of Montepulciano offers gorgeous Renaissance architecture as well as opportunities to visit wine companies. Surrounded by strong walls dating back to the 14th century, the village features a handful of churches and public squares. Hotel pick: Etruria Resort Oia in Santorini,

7、 Greece Oia is undoubtedly the most charming village on the beautiful Greek island of Santorini. This oft- photographed cliffside town is best known as a sunset- viewing spot, but it is fantastic any time of day thanks to its abundance of typical whitewashed structures topped with blue domes plus it

8、s fabulous views out onto the Aegean Sea. Hotel pick: Hotel Aspaki 1Which village will newly- married couples most possibly choose to spend their honeymoon? AOia. BBaden- Baden. CMontepulciano. DEze. 2The visit to Montepulciano will be different from to other three because _. Ayou can appreciate Ren

9、aissance architecture Byou can enjoy a beautiful sunset view Cyou can have a spa treatment Dyou can overlook Mediterranean Sea 3You probably find this passage in _. ATimes BNational Geographic CReaders Digest DEconomist 【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要介绍了欧洲大陆上四个最迷人的村庄及其景点，即法 国阿杜尔的埃兹、德国巴登巴登、意大利托斯卡纳的蒙特普齐亚诺和希腊圣托里尼的伊亚。

10、1D 细节理解题。根据 Eze in Cota DAzur, France 部分中的最后一句“In fact, Eze is particularly popular with couples seeking romantic solitude.”可知，Eze 尤其受到追求浪漫单独 相处的夫妇的欢迎。故新婚夫妇最可能选择度蜜月的村庄是 Eze。故选 D 项。 2A 细节理解题。根据第二个村庄 Montepulciano in Tuscany 部分可知，蒙特普齐亚 诺有华丽的文艺复兴建筑这个村落环绕着坚固的城墙， 可以追溯到十四世纪， 村子里有 几座教堂和广场。可知这个村庄区别于其他的村庄就是可

11、欣赏到文艺复兴时期的建筑风格。 故选 A 项。 3B 推理判断题。文章说，鉴于欧洲高度集中的大城市和世界级的艺术博物馆，人 们很容易完全忽略大陆上众多小而安静的村庄和城镇。 接着就介绍了几个国家的最迷人的村 庄。故选 B 项。 B The Mississippi is a romantic river whose relationship with man goes back beyond its discovery by the Spaniards in the 16th century. Indians used the river as a highway and as a source

12、 of food, and it was they who gave it its name “misi”， meaning “great” and “sipi” meaning “water” When the length of its great tributary (支流), the Missouri, is added to it, the Mississippi becomes the third longest river in the world. From the source of the Missouri to the tip of the delta (三角洲), it

13、 is 2,480 miles long. Its head waters have been compared to a healthy, thick- branched tree, healthy because its main branches, or tributaries, are navigable for most of their length. The Indians paddled up and down the river in their canoes. The first streamer was launched in 1810It had a single gr

14、eat paddle- wheel at the stern, and was known as a “paddle- wheeler.” Throughout the 19th century these unique ships were queens of the Mississippi. They have become part of American history and American literature. The noted writer, Mark Twain, immortalized (使不朽) the river in his greatest novel, Hu

15、ckleberry Finn, and Oscar Hammerstein immortalized it in his song, Old Man River, which was made popular all over the world by the great black American singer and actor, Paul Robeson. 4The Mississippi was discovered by the _. AAmericans BIndians CSpaniards DQueens of the Mississippi 5Indians gave _

16、the name “misi and sipi” meaning “great water” Athe Mississippi Bthe Missouri Cthe tributary Dthe delta 6Because most of the Mississippis length can be navigated, it has been compared to a _. Abranch Briver Cpaddle Dtree 7During _ the single paddle- wheel ships were queens of the Mississippi. Athe 1

17、6th century Bthe 19th century Cthe 17th century Dthe 15th century 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了密西西比河的名字来源、基本概况及其他相关 的信息。 4 C 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“The Mississippi is a romantic river whose relationship with man goes back beyond its discovery by the Spaniards in the 16th century.”可知， 密西西比河 是西班牙人发现的。故选 C 项。 5A 细节理解题。根据

18、第一段中的“Indians used the river as a highway and as a source of food, and it was they who gave it its name misi， meaning great and sipi meaning water”可知，印第安人把这条河作为一条高速公路和一个食物来源，是他们给 它起了名字“misi”，意思是“伟大的”，“sipi”意思是“水”。由此可知，印第安人给密 西西比河命名为“misi and sipi”，意思是“伟大的水”。故选 A 项。 6D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its head waters h

19、ave been compared to a healthy, thick- branched tree, healthy because its main branches, or tributaries, are navigable for most of their length.”可知，它的源头被比作一棵健康的、粗壮的树，之所以健康是因为它的主要分 支或支流在大部分长度上都是可以航行的。 由此可知， 因为密西西比河的大部分长度都可以 航行，它被比作一棵树。故选 D 项。 7B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 19th century these unique

20、ships were queens of the Mississippi.”可知，整个 19 世纪，这些独特的船只都是密西西比河的女王。由 此可知，在 19 世纪，单桨轮船是密西西比河的女王。故选 B 项。 C Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library, a row of green hikes sits parked in a special stand. Each hike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride”， the name of the citys bike- share program

21、. Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow. To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station. Members can rent one of 1,200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesotas largest city. People use the Nice Ridebikes to go to work,

22、to go out on business, or just to enjoy the citys many bike paths. The rise of bike- share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving. Skyrocketing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets, pu

23、mp air into flat tires, and hit the road. Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise, but switching from a car to a bike also reduces the amount of pollution in the air. Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas linked to climate change, is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a cars tailpip

24、e. Bike- share systems are found around the world in cities like London, Paris, Barcelona, and Melbourne, Australia. The largest program with 70,000 bikes is in Wuhan, China. To make roads friendlier to non- motorists, the U. S. Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars i

25、n cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years. The money went toward building thousands of miles of on- street bike lanes and bike and pedestrian- only passages called greenways. 8If one wants to use the bike, its a must to _. Agive away a bicycle Bknow Nice Ride well Cpay the cost in advance Dg

26、et a membership card 9Which of the following can people do with the bikes? AEarn a living. BEnjoy bike ways. CCompete in a race. DRent them out to others. 10Paragraph 4 is mainly about _. Abenefits of biking Bpollution caused by cars Cmethods to use the bikes Dways to reduce pollution 11The authors

27、purpose in writing this text is to _. Aspread bike- share programs Bseek advice for Nice Ride Ccompare Nice Ride with libraries Dintroduce the public bike system 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了公共自行车体系。就像借书一样，人们可以 用会员卡在许多自行车站租用自行车，这样人们在锻炼身体的同时也减少了空气污染。 8 D 细节理解题。 根据第二段的第二句“To rent a bike, you simply use your mem

28、bership card at a Nice Ride bike station.”可知，若想租用自行车必须有会员卡。故选 D 项。 9B 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the citys many bike paths.”可知，人们可以用这些自行车 享受自行车车道。故选 B 项。 10A 段落大意题。第四段主要介绍了骑自行车带来的好处，既能锻炼身体，又能减 少空气污染。故选 A 项。 11D 写作意图题。本文由 Nic

29、e Ride 这一项目引出话题，主要介绍了公共自行车体 系。故选 D 项。 D Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We ar

30、e dealing with the results of that over- consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not bring so much material home in the first place. The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the

31、 UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which g

32、o on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round

33、to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is e

34、specially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary. There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of

35、our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb. 12What does the underlined word “over- consumption” refer to? AUsing too much packaging. BRecycling too much waste. CMaking more products than necessary. DHaving more material than needed. 13The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _. Athe

36、 tendency of cutting household waste Bthe increase of packaging recycling Cthe rapid growth of supermarkets Dthe fact of packaging overuse 14What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? AUnpackaged products are of bad quality. BSupermarkets care more about packaging. CIt is improper to judge quality by pa

37、ckaging. DOther products are better packaged than food. 15What can we learn from the last paragraph? AFighting wastefulness is difficult. BNeedless material is mostly recycled. CPeople like collecting recyclable waste. DThe author is proud of his consumer culture. 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，讲述了过度包装的现状、人们对包装的认识和过

38、度包装 的危害，指出虽然有更多人已经开始循环利用，但形势很严峻，要想改变现状是一项艰巨的 任务。 12D 词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，“我们正在以最环保的方式处理_的后 果，但如果我们一开始不带那么多的材料回家，情况会好得多”。故推知画线部分意义应为 “过度消费”，与后面的“不带那么多的材料”形成对比转折。故选 D 项。 13 D 推理判断题。 根据第二段中引用的数字“The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005It now makes up a third of a typical household

39、s waste in the UK(从 1999 年到 2005 年，包装总量增加了 12%。它现在占了英国典型家庭垃圾的三分之 一)”可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题。故选 D 项。 14C 推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即人们普遍 认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，可以推断出以包装评判产品是不对的。故选 C 项。 15A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.”可知，

40、我们需要面对我们消费文化中的浪费，但我 们还有一座高山要攀登，所以回收利用抗击浪费任务艰巨。故选 A 项。 第二节(每小题 25 分，满分 125 分) World Wildlife Day 3rd March 2020 Our planet is home to every lifeform we know._16_ Humans are no different. We depend on wildlife and on the planets rich biodiversity for our survival and well- being. We might think we hav

41、e fully bent nature to our needs, but we entirely depend on the resources of our biosphere to meet the needs of over seven billion people. And nature has its own needs. _17_ After all, we are only one link in the chain of life. When we harm other links in the chain, we hurt the bond of life that uni

42、tes us all. _18_ But we can prevent that. We must conserve the wild plants, animals, and ecosystems around us._19_ By doing so, we are protecting ourselves. In 2020, World Wildlife Day celebrates biodiversity, including wild fauna and flora, in all its varied and beautiful forms._20_ AWe must be car

43、eful not to overexploit it. BToday, unsustainable human activity could cause up to a million species to go extinct. CThese come in all shapes and sizes from the most unfamiliar to the ones you see every day. DWe need one another for food and sustenance. EWe must use our natural heritage wisely and s

44、ustainably. FWere not always the kindest neighbors to each other. GLets work together to build a world that can truly sustain all life on Earth. 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，2020 年 3 月 3 日是世界野生动物日，作者号召大家共同 努力，保护野生动物。保护自然，也就是保护人类自己。 16C 空前一句提到“我们的星球是我们所知道的每个生命体的家园”；选项 C 意思 为：它们有各种各样的形状和大小从最不熟悉的到你每天都能看到的。选项 C 中 these

45、 指代空前一句的 every lifeform。故选 C 项。 17A 空前一句提到“自然也有自己的需要”；空后提到“毕竟，我们只是生命链中 的一个环节”；选项 A 意思为：我们必须小心，不要过度开发。选项 A 是承上启下，其中 it 指代空前一句中的 nature，空后的内容是对选项 A 做进一步的说明。故选 A 项。 18B 选项 B 意思为：今天，不可持续的人类活动可能导致多达一百万种物种灭绝。 空后一句提到“但我们可以防止”，but 表示转折关系，句中的 that 即指代选项 C 的内容。 故选 B 项。 19E 空前一句提到“我们必须保护我们周围的野生植物、动物和生态系统”；选项 E

46、 意思为：我们必须明智、可持续地利用我们的自然遗产，其中“We must use”与空前一 句中的“We must conserve”是并列的句式，都是说明空后一句“By doing so”的具体做法， 即如何保护自然。故选 E 项。 20G 文章最后一段指出世界野生动物日的意义；选项 G 意思为：让我们共同努力， 建立一个真正能维持地球上所有生命的世界。选项 G 是号召大家共同努力，与空前一句的 语义顺承。故选 G 项。 第二部分 语言运用(30 分) 第一节(每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) When Bill Geske was diagnosed with cancer six yea

47、rs ago, his life was turned upside down. After being _21_ to the emergency room with severe stomach pain, doctors found a tumor in his left kidney and unusual spots on his lungs. For treatment, Geske had the kidney removed and at the time the spots were _22_. However, a few months later, he learned

48、from doctors that the cancer had indeed spread. The situation wasnt good, and doctors estimated his _23_ to be no more than two years._24_ the emotional and physical pains, his personal and family life suffered. “We have a family business. We have two children who were thrown into the middle of this

49、 chaos _25_， and theyve had to grow up very fast and handle the business, which they knew nothing about.” he said. But _26_ all the chaos, there has been one constant: his wife Diane. Whether it was accompanying him to every doctors _27_ or cooking his favorite meal, Diane always made sure her husband knew he had her full support. “I really see what love is. My wife _28_ so much suffering. Im so _29_ to have her fight with me and not against me.” Geske said. The Geskes _30_ that their roa